Carter v. State of Wyoming

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
• Decided: May 24, 2024
• Docket: 23-8062
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

Appellate Case: 23-8062 Document: 010111055091 Date Filed: 05/24/2024 Page: 1 FILED United States Court of Appeals UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS Tenth Circuit

FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT May 24, 2024 _________________________________ Christopher M. Wolpert Clerk of Court CHARLES KENZELL CARTER,

Petitioner - Appellant,

v. No. 23-8062 (D.C. No. 2:22-CV-00253-ABJ) STATE OF WYOMING; WYOMING (D. Wyo.) ATTORNEY GENERAL; NEICOLE MOLDEN, in her official capacity as Wyoming Department of Corrections State Penitentiary Warden; RICK WHITE, in his official capacity as Red Onion State Prison Warden,

Respondents - Appellees. _________________________________

ORDER DENYING CERTIFICATE OF APPEALABILITY* _________________________________

Before TYMKOVICH, McHUGH, and CARSON, Circuit Judges. _________________________________

Petitioner Charles Carter, appearing pro se, requests a certificate of appealability

(“COA”) to challenge the district court’s dismissal of his 28 U.S.C. § 2254 application.

For the reasons stated below, we deny his request for a COA and dismiss the matter.

* This order is not binding precedent except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1. Appellate Case: 23-8062 Document: 010111055091 Date Filed: 05/24/2024 Page: 2

I.

On April 19th, 2017, Petitioner pled no contest to one charge of second-degree

murder in Wyoming state court. Pursuant to the plea agreement, the trial court sentenced

Petitioner to a term of incarceration of forty-to-eighty years. Petitioner did not appeal his

sentence, but in 2022 he unsuccessfully sought post-conviction relief in Wyoming district

court.

Petitioner then filed a Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C.

§ 2254 in the United States District Court for the District of Wyoming, raising seven

grounds for relief. The district court granted Respondents’ motion to dismiss, finding

that the petition was untimely, and that Petitioner was not entitled to equitable tolling.

The district court also denied Petitioner a COA. Petitioner requests from us a COA to

appeal the district court’s dismissal.

II.

To receive a COA, Petitioner must make a “substantial showing of the denial of a

constitutional right.” Miller-El v. Cockrell, 537 U.S. 322, 336 (2003) (quoting 28 U.S.C.

§ 2253(c)(2)). “[W]hen the district court denies a habeas petition on procedural grounds

without reaching the prisoner’s underlying constitutional claim, a COA should

issue . . . if the prisoner shows, at least, that jurists of reason would find it debatable

whether the petition states a valid claim of the denial of a constitutional right, and that

jurists of reason would find it debatable whether the district court was correct in its

procedural ruling.” Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473, 478 (2000). When we can rule

2 Appellate Case: 23-8062 Document: 010111055091 Date Filed: 05/24/2024 Page: 3

based on the procedural question without addressing the merits, we may do so. Id. at

485.

The relevant statute establishes a one-year limitations period on applications for

writs of habeas corpus. 28 U.S.C. § 2244(d)(1). Because Petitioner admitted he did not

meet this requirement, we will only grant a COA if Petitioner establishes equitable tolling

entitlement. We review for abuse of discretion a district court’s determination that a

defendant is not entitled to equitable tolling. Fleming v. Evans, 481 F.3d 1249, 1254

(10th Cir. 2007) (citing Burger v. Scott, 317 F.3d 1133, 1137 (10th Cir. 2003)).

Therefore, “we will vacate the District Court’s determination that equitable tolling is

inapplicable only if reasonable jurists could debate whether the [district] court’s refusal to

toll the statute of limitations was an abuse of discretion.” Id. at 1254–55. A petitioner

must “show specific facts to support his claim of extraordinary circumstances and due

diligence” to be entitled to equitable tolling. Yang v. Archuleta, 525 F.3d 925, 928 (10th

Cir. 2008).

Petitioner has not established that his delay was because of extraordinary

circumstances despite due diligence—even affording “solicitous construction” to

Petitioner’s pro se filings. See Van Deelen v. Johnson, 497 F.3d 1151, 1153 n.1 (10th

Cir. 2007). Of the seven issues Petitioner raises, only his ineffective assistance of

counsel claim even conceivably concerns the circumstances of his delay. But we have

held that ineffective assistance is “not generally a basis for equitable tolling,” and the

missteps that Petitioner alleges are not egregious enough to create an entitlement to

equitable tolling. Fleming, 481 F.3d at 1255–56 (citing Coleman v. Thompson, 501 U.S.

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722, 752 (1991)). Thus, we hold that the district court did not abuse its discretion in

refusing to equitably toll the limitation period in 28 U.S.C. § 2244(d)(1).1

We DENY Petitioner’s COA request.

DISMISSED.

Entered for the Court

Joel M. Carson III Circuit Judge

1 Because we deny Petitioner’s COA request for procedural reasons, we also deny Petitioner’s Motion to Supplement Appellant’s Substantial Constitutional Violation Asserted in Its Certificate of Appealability for Good Cause. 4