Carpenters Pension Trust Fund v. Barclays PLC

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Second Circuit
DecidedApril 25, 2014
Docket13-2678-cv
StatusPublished

This text of Carpenters Pension Trust Fund v. Barclays PLC (Carpenters Pension Trust Fund v. Barclays PLC) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Carpenters Pension Trust Fund v. Barclays PLC, (2d Cir. 2014).

Opinion

13‐2678‐cv Carpenters Pension Trust Fund et al. v. Barclays PLC, et al.

In the United States Court of Appeals For the Second Circuit ________

August Term, 2013

No. 13‐2678‐cv

CARPENTERS PENSION TRUST FUND OF ST. LOUIS, ST. CLAIR SHORES POLICE & FIRE RETIREMENT SYSTEM, POMPANO BEACH POLICE & FIREFIGHTERS’ RETIREMENT SYSTEM,

Plaintiffs‐Appellants,

v.

BARCLAYS PLC, BARCLAYS BANK PLC, BARCLAYS CAPITAL INC., ROBERT DIAMOND, MARCUS A.P. AGIUS, JOHN VARLEY, CHRISTOPHER LUCAS,

Defendants‐Appellees. ________

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. No. 12‐cv‐5329 ― Shira A. Scheindlin, Judge. ________

ARGUED: FEBRUARY 27, 2014 DECIDED: APRIL 25, 2014 ________

 The Clerk of the Court is directed to amend the caption as set forth above. 2 No. 13‐2678‐cv

Before: KATZMANN, Chief Judge, CABRANES, Circuit Judge, and BERMAN, District Judge**

________

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Shira A. Scheindlin, Judge), granting dismissal of the plaintiffs’ securities fraud claims on the grounds that the plaintiffs failed sufficiently to plead the elements of loss causation and materiality. The plaintiffs allege that the defendants, a multinational bank and several of its former officers, including its former President, willfully misrepresented the bank’s borrowing costs between 2007 and 2009 and knowingly submitted false information relating to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). We hold, with respect to the alleged misrepresentations of Barclays’s borrowing costs, that the plaintiffs sufficiently have pled loss causation under a theory of corrective disclosure. We also hold that Barclays’s statements regarding its “minimum control requirements” were not materially false.

Accordingly, we AFFIRM in part (insofar as the District Court dismissed plaintiffs’ claims based upon Barclays’s minimum control statements), and VACATE in part (insofar as the District Court dismissed plaintiffs’ claims based upon Barclays’s 2007–2009 submission rates and defendant Diamond’s 2008 conference call remarks), the judgment of the District Court, and remand for further proceedings. ________

SUSAN K. ALEXANDER (Andrew S. Love, Samuel H. Rudman, and David A. Rosenfeld, on the brief), Robbins Geller Rudman & Dowd LLP, San Francisco, CA, and New York, NY, for Plaintiffs‐Appellants Carpenters Pension Trust Fund of St. Louis, St. Clair Shores Police & Fire Retirement System, Pompano Beach Police & Firefighters’ Retirement System.

The Honorable Richard M. Berman, United States District Judge for the **

Southern District of New York, sitting by designation. 3 No. 13‐2678‐cv

JEFFREY T. SCOTT (David H. Braff and Matthew J. Porpora on the brief), Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, New York, NY (Jonathan D. Schiller and Michael Brill, Boies Schiller & Flexner LLP, New York, NY and Washington, D.C., on the brief), for Defendants‐Appellees Barclays PLC, Barclays Bank PLC, Barclays Capital Inc., Robert Diamond, Marcus A.P. Agius, John Varley, Christopher Lucas.

CHERYL A. KRAUSE (Andrew J. Levander and Elisa T. Wiygul, on the brief), Dechert LLP, Philadelphia, PA and New York, NY, for Defendant‐Appellee Robert Diamond.

RICHARD M. BERMAN, District Judge:

Plaintiffs‐Appellants Carpenters Pension Trust Fund of St. Louis, St. Clair

Shores Police & Fire Retirement System, and Pompano Beach Police &

Firefighters’ Retirement System (collectively, “plaintiffs”) appeal from a May 14,

2013 judgment of the District Court for the Southern District of New York (Shira

A. Scheindlin, Judge), dismissing their putative class action claims against

Defendants‐Appellees Barclays PLC and related Barclays entities (“Barclays”),

and several of Barclays’s former officers, including its former President, Robert

Diamond (“individual defendants,” and collectively, “defendants”). Plaintiffs

allege that from approximately August 2007 through January 2009, Barclays, a

multinational bank, knowingly misrepresented (i.e., understated) its cost of

borrowing funds by submitting false information for the purpose of calculating 4 No. 13‐2678‐cv

the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), in violation of § 10(b) of the

Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) and Securities and Exchange

Commission Rule 10b–5 (“Rule 10b–5”). Plaintiffs allege that defendant

Diamond also made misleading statements relating to LIBOR, including his

remarks during a 2008 conference call with market analysts in which he stated

that Barclays was “categorically not paying higher rates in any currency.”

Plaintiffs also allege that Barclays made misleading statements in its SEC filings

regarding the company’s “internal controls.” Plaintiffs assert control person

liability claims against the individual defendants under § 20(a) of the Exchange

Act.

On June 27, 2012, Barclays’s manipulation of 2007–2009 LIBOR data was

disclosed as a result of publicly announced settlement and non‐prosecution

agreements among Barclays and the United States Department of Justice

(“DOJ”), the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”), and the

United Kingdom’s Financial Services Authority (“FSA”) (“Settlement

Agreements”). The Settlement Agreements required Barclays to pay fines

totaling $450 million and included detailed findings of fact disclosing for the first

time that during the 2007–2009 time period, “Barclays submitted rates that were 5 No. 13‐2678‐cv

false because they were lower than Barclays otherwise would have submitted

and contrary to the definition of LIBOR.”1 The following day, the price of

Barclays’s American Depository Shares dropped 12%, resulting in significant

financial losses to investors, including members of plaintiffs’ proposed class.

We hold that the District Court erred in concluding, prior to any discovery,

that plaintiffs failed to plead loss causation. Plaintiffs’ allegations, among others,

that the June 28, 2012 decline in Barclays’s stock price resulted from the

revelation of Barclays’s misrepresentations of its 2007–2009 LIBOR rates and

defendant Diamond’s conference call misrepresentation of Barclays’s borrowing

costs present a plausible claim. We also hold that the District Court correctly

concluded that Barclays’s statements in its SEC filings relating to the company’s

internal control requirements were not materially false. Accordingly, we

VACATE in part, and AFFIRM in part, the judgment of the District Court.

1 On March 14, 2014, the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, acting on behalf of thirty‐eight failed banks, filed suit in the Southern District of New York seeking damages against the sixteen contributor banks on the U.S. Dollar LIBOR panel, including Barclays. F.D.I.C. et al v. Bank of America Corp. et al., No. 14‐cv‐1757 (NRB). In that action, the FDIC asserts that Barclays and the other defendant banks “fraudulently and collusively suppressed” the U.S. Dollar LIBOR rate “from August 2007 through at least mid‐2011.” 6 No. 13‐2678‐cv

I. BACKGROUND

Plaintiffs’ complaint alleges the following facts, which are presumed to be

true for the purposes of this appeal.

At all times relevant to plaintiffs’ claims, Barclays was one of several

contributor banks whose borrowing cost data was used to calculate LIBOR.2

LIBOR rates are calculated by Thomson Reuters Corporation based upon the

daily submissions (“submission rate”) of each contributor bank. Each

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