Bolden v. Georgia Casualty & Surety Co.

353 So. 2d 492, 1977 La. App. LEXIS 5275
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedDecember 20, 1977
DocketNo. 6250
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 353 So. 2d 492 (Bolden v. Georgia Casualty & Surety Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Bolden v. Georgia Casualty & Surety Co., 353 So. 2d 492, 1977 La. App. LEXIS 5275 (La. Ct. App. 1977).

Opinion

DOMENGEAUX, Judge.

This is a workmen’s compensation case involving the prescriptive provision of the Workmen’s Compensation Law, La.R.S. 23:1209. Virgie Bolden, plaintiff, was injured on May 23, 1974. Suit was filed against the employer’s insurer on March 24, 1976.

Plaintiff was engaged in the loading, cutting, and hauling of pulpwood for the Bennett Timber Company, Inc., in Beauregard Parish. Although he operated his own truck and employed other laborers, no issue is raised concerning the employment relationship.

At trial counsel stipulated to the following facts:

[493]*4931. Plaintiff sustained an accidental personal injury on May 23, 1974, in the course and scope of his employment;

2. Plaintiff’s injury was diagnosed by Doctor Henry S. Carter, as a lumbar sacral sprain;

3. Plaintiff was hospitalized beginning May 23, 1974, and ending June 8, 1974;

4. Plaintiff was discharged as cured by Doctor Carter on August 17, 1974;

5. Plaintiff was paid weekly compensation benefits of $45.50 beginning May 23, 1974, and ending August 21, 1974;

6. Plaintiff’s medical expenses for care and treatment for the injury were paid, the last payment being on September 27, 1974; and

7. Plaintiff did not return to work for the employer after the accident of May 23, 1974.

The present controversy arose when Bol-den attempted to mow lawns in the fall of 1974 and began to experience pain in the cervical region of his back. Although plaintiff continually complained of pain in the lower back the cervical pain did not arise until after Doctor Carter discharged plaintiff. In November of 1974 this pain became so severe that plaintiff reported it to Doctor Carter. Doctor Carter undertook conservative treatment.

Pain in the cervical region of the back apparently continued and Doctor Carter was consulted again in April of 1975. Doctor Carter continued conservative treatment, whereupon plaintiff went to another physician in Hattisburg, Mississippi. Doctor McCarthy, the Hattisburg physician, referred plaintiff to Doctor Robert Smith, a neurosurgeon in Jackson, Mississippi.

Doctor Smith examined plaintiff on September 5, 1975. He performed a myelo-gram and determined that surgery was indicated. A decompressive laminectomy was performed on September 26, 1975, and at this time it was discovered that plaintiff had a small herniated disc at the 4th and 5th level of the vertebral column.

Plaintiff brought this suit against the employer’s compensation insurer, Georgia Casualty and Surety Company, alleging that by virtue of the herniated disc he is totally and permanently disabled from the date of the original accident. He seeks maximum compensation benefits, maximum medical expenses, and an increase in the compensation payments already made.

Suit was filed on March 24, 1976, and defendant raised the plea of prescription, claiming that suit was filed more than one year after the last compensation payment.

The trial court referred the exception to the merits. After trial the court sustained the plea of prescription. Plaintiff appealed. We affirm.

The threshold issue raised by plaintiff on appeal is whether the trial judge was correct in finding the claim prescribed.

The prescriptive periods for workmen’s compensation claims are contained in La. R.S. 23:1209. Generally, claims prescribe one year from the date of the accident or one year from the date of the last compensation payment. There are, however, exceptions, one of which is known as the development of injury rule. In pertinent part, the statute states:

“. . . [WJhere the injury does not result at the time of, or develop immediately after the accident, the limitation shall not take effect until the expiration of one year from the time the injury develops, but in all such cases the claim for payment shall be forever barred unless the proceedings have been begun within two years from the date of the accident.”

Although there is an abundance of cases interpreting this exception, three cases are continually cited in the reports: Mottet v. Libbey-Owens-Ford Glass Co., 220 La. 653, 57 So.2d 218 (1952); Johnson v. Cabot Carbon Company, Inc., 227 La. 941, 81 So.2d 2 (1955), and Wallace v. Remington Rand, Inc., 229 La. 651, 86 So.2d 522 (1956). These cases state the basic features of the rule. The phrase, “the limitation shall not take effect until the expiration of one year from the time the injury develops” means that [494]*494there is no running of prescription until such time as an employee can no longer perform the duties of his employment. As the court stated in Wallace v. Remington Rand, Inc., supra:

“. . . Development, as applied to a compensable injury, signifies something more than occurrence and pain. It connotes the time when disability to perform work becomes manifest either to the injured employee or his employer.” [Italics by the court]

The exception has a beneficent purpose. It is clear from the plain wording of the statute that the Legislature sought to give an employee who only realizes at some point in time after the occurrence of an accident that he has sustained an injury, one year in which to file suit, provided suit is filed within two years from the date of the accident. It usually operates to avoid penalizing an injured employee who attempts to continue to work or who returns to work after sustaining a compensable injury which is unknown to the employee. See, e. g., Harris v. Seaboard Fire & Marine Insurance Company, 337 So.2d 262 (La.App. 2nd Cir. 1976); Hebert v. Hartford Accident & Indemnity Company, 331 So.2d 222 (La.App. 3rd Cir. 1976); Payne v. Travelers Insurance Company, 299 So.2d 913 (La.App. 3rd Cir. 1974).

We must determine in this case whether there was a development of the injury, and, if so, the time that this injury became manifest.

I. DEVELOPMENT OF THE INJURY

It is apparent that the injury sued upon did not develop until some time after the accident. The report of Doctor Carter, filed into evidence, stated that plaintiff’s initial injury was diagnosed as a lumbo-sacral myofascia strain for which he was treated and subsequently discharged as cured on August 17, 1974. This report notes that at the time of discharge there were no complaints of pain in the cervical region of the back. Doctor Carter states that plaintiff only complained of pain in this region at the examination in November of 1974.

In addition to the report of Doctor Carter, plaintiff stated that he was unaware of any pain in the cervical region of his back at the time of discharge. Plaintiff’s testimony clearly indicates that this pain began when he attempted to mow lawns around November of 1974, at which time he reported the pain to Doctor Carter. It was this symptom that ultimately led to Doctor Smith’s diagnosis and surgery in September of 1975, which revealed the herniated disc. Since this did not arise until after plaintiff’s initial discharge, we agree with the trial court that there was a development of the injury at some point after the accident.

Defendant argues, however, that even if there was a development of a subsequent injury the employee in this case cannot assert the exception because he did not return to his former employment.

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Related

Bolden v. Georgia Cas. & Sur. Co.
363 So. 2d 419 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1978)
Bolden v. Casualty
355 So. 2d 265 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1978)

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353 So. 2d 492, 1977 La. App. LEXIS 5275, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/bolden-v-georgia-casualty-surety-co-lactapp-1977.