Bel v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co.

845 So. 2d 377, 2003 WL 343027
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedFebruary 14, 2003
Docket2002 CA 1292
StatusPublished
Cited by14 cases

This text of 845 So. 2d 377 (Bel v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Bel v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 845 So. 2d 377, 2003 WL 343027 (La. Ct. App. 2003).

Opinion

845 So.2d 377 (2003)

Mary BEL, Individually and on Behalf of the Estate of Her Husband, Douglas Bel, Linda B. Mire and Carolyn B. Heard
v.
STATE FARM MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE CO., Allstate Insurance Company, Regal Insurance Company, Craig Lewis, Individually and dba Craig Lewis State Farm Agency.

No. 2002 CA 1292.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, First Circuit.

February 14, 2003.
Writ Denied May 30, 2003.

*378 Craig J. Robichaux, Mandeville, Counsel for Plaintiffs/Appellants Mary Bel, Linda B. Mire, and Carolyn Heard.

Adrianne L. Baumgartner, Covington, Counsel for Defendant/Appellee State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company and Craig Lewis, individually and dba Craig Lewis State Farm Agency.

Laura S. Schneidau, Metairie, Counsel for Defendant Regal Insurance Company.

Barbara Stavis Wolf, Covington, Counsel for Defendant Allstate Insurance Company.

Before: FITZSIMMONS, GUIDRY, and PETTIGREW, JJ.

GUIDRY, J.

In this wrongful death and survival action, plaintiffs, Mary Bel, individually and on behalf of the estate of her husband, Douglas Bel, Linda B. Mire, and Carolyn B. Heard, appeal the trial court's granting of defendant's, Craig Lewis, individually and d/b/a Craig Lewis State Farm Agency (Craig Lewis), peremptory exception raising the objection of prescription/peremption. For the reasons that follow, we affirm.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

On May 3, 1997, Douglas Bel was involved in a vehicular accident wherein he was fatally injured. On the date of the accident, Douglas Bel, and his wife Mary Bel, had in effect an automobile insurance policy with State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company (State Farm). This policy provided for 100/300 limits on liability coverage as well as 100/300 limits on uninsured/underinsured motorist (UM) coverage. Additionally, Douglas and Mary Bel had a Personal Liability Umbrella Policy *379 (PLUP) with a $1,000,000.00 limit on liability coverage. However, prior to the date of the accident, Douglas Bel executed a waiver on April 20, 1993, rejecting UM coverage under the PLUP on all vehicles.

As a result of the aforementioned accident, Mary Bel, individually and on behalf of the estate of her husband, Douglas Bel, Linda B. Mire, and Carolyn B. Heard filed a petition for damages on April 24, 1998, naming Craig Lewis, their State Farm agent, as a defendant, and alleging various acts of negligence in relation to the waiver of UM coverage under the PLUP.[1] Thereafter, on November 29, 2001, Craig Lewis filed an Exception of Prescription/Peremption and/or Motion for Summary Judgment, claiming that all of the plaintiffs' claims are preempted by the three-year peremptive period contained in La. R.S. 9:5606.

A hearing on Craig Lewis' exception/motion was held on February 20, 2002. In a judgment signed on March 8, 2002, the trial court granted Craig Lewis' exception raising the objection of prescription/peremption, and dismissed the plaintiffs' claims against Craig Lewis with prejudice. Additionally, the trial court found that in light of its ruling regarding peremption, Craig Lewis' motion for summary judgment was moot. Because this judgment was not designated as final, the record on appeal was supplemented with a revised judgment, signed by the trial court on July 12, 2002, which designated the judgment as final pursuant to La. C.C.P. art. 1915(B).

ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR

The plaintiffs now appeal from this judgment and assert the following assignments of error:

1. The trial court erred as a matter of law in defining the scope of duty that Craig Lewis owed to Mary Bel to insure that her interests were properly insured consistent with her insuring needs.
2. The trial court erred in failing to find that Mary Bel [was] never given the option of insuring her interests.
3. The trial court erred in finding that Mary Bel's claim was preempted [sic].

DISCUSSION

Peremption

In support of his exception raising the objection of prescription/peremption,[2] Craig Lewis relies on La. R.S. 9:5606, which governs actions against insurance agents and reads:

A. No action for damages against any insurance agent, broker, solicitor, or other similar licensee under this state, whether based upon tort, or breach of contract, or otherwise, *380 arising out of an engagement to provide insurance services shall be brought unless filed in a court of competent jurisdiction and proper venue within one year from the date of the alleged act, omission, or neglect, or within one year from the date that the alleged act, omission, or neglect is discovered or should have been discovered. However, even as to actions filed within one year from the date of such discovery, in all events such actions shall be filed at the latest within three years from the date of the alleged act, omission, or neglect.
B. The provisions of this Section shall apply to all persons whether or not infirm or under disability of any kind and including minors and interdicts.
C. The peremptive period provided in Subsection A of this Section shall not apply in cases of fraud, as defined in Civil Code Article 1953.
D. The one-year and three-year periods of limitation provided in subsection A of this Section are peremptive periods within the meaning of Civil Code Article 3458 and, in accordance with Civil Code Article 3461, may not be renounced, interrupted, or suspended. [Emphasis added.]

Peremption differs from prescription in several respects. While prescription prevents the enforcement of a right by legal action, but does not terminate the natural obligation, peremption extinguishes or destroys the right. Coffey v. Block, 99-1221, p. 6 (La.App. 1st Cir.6/23/00), 762 So.2d 1181, 1186, writ denied, 00-2226 (La.10/27/00), 772 So.2d 651. Public policy requires that rights to which peremptive periods attach are to be extinguished after passage of a specified period. Accordingly, nothing may interfere with the running of a peremptive period; it may not be interrupted or suspended and there is no provision for its renunciation. Reeder v. North, 97-0239, p. 12 (La.10/21/97), 701 So.2d 1291, 1298. However, as an inchoate right, prescription, on the other hand, may be renounced, interrupted, or suspended. Dauterive Contractors, Inc. v. Landry and Watkins, A Law Partnership, 01-1112, p. 11 (La.App. 3rd Cir.3/13/02), 811 So.2d 1242, 1251.

Originally enacted in 1991, La. R.S. 9:5606 was amended by the legislature in 1999. The 1999 amendment substituted "peremptive" in subsection (C) for "preemptive" and added subsection (D), which expressly makes both the one-year and three-year periods of limitation peremptive. 1999 La. Acts 905 § 1. However, the three-year limitation period, at issue in the instant case, is regarded as peremptive in both the original enactment and the 1999 amendment.[3] As such, if a claim of negligence is not filed within three years of the alleged act, it is extinguished by peremption, regardless of whether or not it was filed within one year from the date of discovery. Huffman v. Goodman, 34,361 at 8, 784 So.2d at 725.

According to La. R.S. 9:5606(A), the three-year peremptive period commences on the date of the alleged act, omission, or neglect. In the instant case, *381

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845 So. 2d 377, 2003 WL 343027, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/bel-v-state-farm-mut-auto-ins-co-lactapp-2003.