Autrey v. Energy Corp. of America, Inc.

594 So. 2d 1354, 1992 La. App. LEXIS 2, 1992 WL 605
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJanuary 3, 1992
Docket90-651
StatusPublished
Cited by9 cases

This text of 594 So. 2d 1354 (Autrey v. Energy Corp. of America, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Autrey v. Energy Corp. of America, Inc., 594 So. 2d 1354, 1992 La. App. LEXIS 2, 1992 WL 605 (La. Ct. App. 1992).

Opinion

594 So.2d 1354 (1992)

Curtis AUTREY, Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
ENERGY CORPORATION OF AMERICA, INC., Defendant-Appellant.

No. 90-651.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Third Circuit.

January 3, 1992.
Writ Denied March 20, 1992.

*1355 Jeansonne & Briney, Patrick J. Briney, Lafayette, for plaintiff-appellee.

Halpern & Daigle, P. Keith Daigle, Metairie, Michael D. Zelder, Baton Rouge, for defendant-appellant.

Before FORET, STOKER and DOUCET, JJ.

FORET, Judge.

This appeal arises out of a claim for worker's compensation benefits and the employer's retaliatory discharge or discrimination against its employee for having made the claim for benefits. From a judgment in favor of the plaintiff-employee, Curtis Autrey, on the retaliatory discharge claim, defendant-employer, Energy Corporation of America, appeals.

FACTS

Curtis Autrey had been employed by Energy Corporation of America (Energy) for some fourteen years as a field supervisor. In December of 1984, Autrey suffered a heart attack and underwent triple by-pass surgery. He recovered and returned to work in the spring of 1985. He worked without incident until August 29, 1986. On that date, while working, he experienced an episode of chest pain while unloading a 55-gallon drum from his company pickup truck. Despite the pain, Autrey continued working that day. He was able to continue working for approximately two weeks, until September 14, 1986, when he experienced a second episode of chest pain while on the job. He was treated and released from Our Lady of the Lake emergency room and instructed to refrain from working. Autrey was subsequently diagnosed as having a small hiatal hernia and duodenal ulcer.

Autrey did not return to work until September 30, 1986. On that date, at the express request of his employer, Autrey went back to work to familiarize another Energy employee with operations. While working, Autrey experienced a third, severe episode of chest pain, accompanied by shortness of breath and weakness on exertion. He was admitted into the hospital and discharged on October 3, 1986.

On or about December 8, 1986, Energy's claim for worker's compensation benefits on behalf of Autrey was denied by Fidelity & Casualty Insurance Company of New York, Energy's workers compensation insurer, *1356 on the grounds that his health problems were not work-related. On December 11, 1986, Energy notified Autrey that the worker's compensation claim had been denied and that he was placed on inactive, non-pay status, until Autrey could produce a medical release and approval of the medical release by Energy's company physician.

On December 18, 1986, Autrey filed his claim with the Office of Worker's Compensation Administration. The office found that the episodes of chest pain were work related and that all related medical expenses should be paid. Contemporaneously, Autrey sent Energy certificates from his treating physicians that he was able to return to work. Energy then demanded that Autrey submit to an independent medical examination. Autrey accommodated his employer's demand by traveling to New Orleans on four separate occasions to be examined and tested by Oschner Clinic in April and May of 1987. Autrey never received reports of these examinations.

Autrey filed suit on August 25, 1987, against Energy and Fidelity for worker's compensation benefits. Energy was served on September 8, 1987. On September 9, Oschner Clinic finally rendered a written report to the president of Energy, detailing the results of Autrey's examinations. At the conclusion of that report, the opinion was that Autrey should have been released to return to full duty as of the completion of the examination and testing in April and May, 1987.

Energy never put Autrey back to work. On May 12, 1989, Autrey filed a supplemental and amending petition against Energy, claiming that Energy had wrongfully discharged him in violation of La.R.S. 23:1361,[1] which prohibits an employer from discharging an employee from employment because that employee has asserted a claim for worker's compensation. Energy met the claim with the peremptory exception of prescription, which was denied.

ACTION OF THE TRIAL COURT

By order dated August 15, 1989, the trial judge ordered the Honorable Herman Clause, Commissioner of the Fifteenth Judicial District Court, to conduct an evidentiary hearing on the merits of the worker's compensation and wrongful discharge claims and to submit to the court proposed findings of fact and recommendations for the disposition of all claims. During the course of the hearing, Fidelity settled the worker's compensation issues, leaving only the issue of wrongful discharge. The hearing on the wrongful discharge claim was held on September 13 and 14, 1989, before Commissioner Clause.

On September 25, 1989, Commissioner Clause issued a Minute Entry in which he found for Autrey on all issues related to wrongful discharge and stated that he intended to assess the maximum penalty allowed by law against Energy. Accordingly, the Commissioner awarded $33,197.85 as yearly salary, plus vacation pay benefits valued at $1,915.20. The Minute Entry also stated that Autrey would be awarded $5,000 in attorney's fees, bringing the total award to $43,879.69. On October 6, 1989, *1357 the Commissioner rendered a partial judgment decreeing that Fidelity did not owe coverage to Energy for the wrongful discharge claim and dismissed Fidelity with prejudice.

A final judgment was signed by the trial court judge on October 27, 1989.

ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR

Energy asserts that the trial court erred in:

(1) unconstitutionally vesting adjudicatory powers in an unelected commissioner in violation of La. Const., Art. 5, § 1 and La.R.S. 13:716(B); and
(2) denying Energy's peremptory exception of prescription.

We reverse the trial court's denial of the exception of prescription.[2]

STANDARD OF REVIEW

In worker's compensation cases, the trial court's factual findings are entitled to great weight, and reasonable evaluation of credibility and reasonable inferences of fact must not be disturbed, even though an appellate court may feel its own evaluation and inferences are as reasonable. See Ducote v. J.A. Jones Const. Co., 471 So.2d 704 (La.1985). In Jones, also a retaliatory discharge claim, the appellate court was warned that it should be very wary of replacing the trial court's determination (which had been favorable to the claimant) with its own.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 1

We find Energy's first assignment of error, that the trial court unconstitutionally vested adjudicatory powers in an unelected commissioner in violation of La. Const., Art. 5, § 1 and La.R.S. 13:716(B)[3] to be without merit. This is Energy's first notice of its complaint with regard to the commissioner. Energy did not indicate in any manner, by motion or otherwise, that it objected to the court's order directing the commissioner to hold an evidentiary hearing and make recommendations. A constitutional issue may not be raised for the first time on appeal. Succession of Savoy, 532 So.2d 298 (La.App. 3 Cir.1988).

Additionally, the commissioner did not "adjudicate" this matter. The commissioner was authorized by the trial judge to hold an evidentiary hearing and make recommendations.

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Bluebook (online)
594 So. 2d 1354, 1992 La. App. LEXIS 2, 1992 WL 605, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/autrey-v-energy-corp-of-america-inc-lactapp-1992.