Ameren Illinois Company v. International Brotherhood of E

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
DecidedOctober 12, 2018
Docket18-1591
StatusPublished

This text of Ameren Illinois Company v. International Brotherhood of E (Ameren Illinois Company v. International Brotherhood of E) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Ameren Illinois Company v. International Brotherhood of E, (7th Cir. 2018).

Opinion

In the

United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit ____________________ No. 18‐1591 AMEREN ILLINOIS COMPANY, Plaintiff‐Appellee, v.

INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS, LOCAL UNION 51, Defendant‐Appellant. ____________________

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Central District of Illinois. No. 3:17‐cv‐03163 — Sue E. Myerscough, Judge. ____________________

ARGUED SEPTEMBER 5, 2018 — DECIDED OCTOBER 12, 2018 ____________________

Before KANNE, SYKES, and ST. EVE, Circuit Judges. KANNE, Circuit Judge. Brian Knox got into a heated argu‐ ment with his supervisor at work. He allegedly made threat‐ ening remarks and was known to carry a concealed weapon either on his person or in his personal vehicle, which was parked in the company parking lot. In response, his employer terminated him for violating its Workplace Violence Policy. 2 No. 18‐1591

Through his union, Knox brought a grievance under the col‐ lective bargaining agreement (“CBA”) then in force, and the parties opted for binding arbitration. The arbitrator deter‐ mined that although Knox had technically violated the policy, the employer could not enforce the rule because it violated an Illinois statute. The arbitrator ordered Knox’s reinstatement, and the employer sought review by the federal district court and obtained a judicial order vacating the award on the ground that the arbitrator improperly applied external law to contradict the terms of the CBA. Because we believe that the text of the CBA permitted the arbitrator to look to external law in interpreting the agreement, we reverse the judgment of the district court and uphold the arbitrator’s award. I. BACKGROUND Ameren Illinois Company operates a facility in Galesburg, Illinois. Ameren employed Knox at the facility beginning in 1998 and made him a crew leader in 2015. On June 3, 2016, Knox had a series of heated arguments with his supervisor Gabriel Jones over the scheduling of work. Other employees later indicated to Jones that Knox owned several firearms and was known to carry concealed weapons on a regular basis. On June 6, representatives of the company confronted Knox in the presence of a union representative and a deputy sheriff. They requested Knox’s consent to search both his person and his vehicle for weapons. He consented, and the search uncov‐ ered a firearm in Knox’s truck (then parked in the company’s parking lot). On June 27, Ameren notified Knox of his termination for violations of the company’s Workplace Violence Policy, which expressly prohibits threatening or intimidating an‐ No. 18‐1591 3

other employee and “the possession of unauthorized weap‐ ons by any employee … on Company parking lots.” (R. 1‐3 at 2–3.) The following day, the union filed a grievance on Knox’s behalf to protest his termination. After the parties failed to re‐ solve the dispute among themselves, they submitted the case to binding arbitration. The parties certified the following question to the arbitrator: “Was the termination of the Grievant on or about June 27, 2016 for just cause; and if not, what is the appropriate remedy?” (R. 1‐3 at 1.) According to the CBA, “[t]he arbitrator’s decision [is] final and binding on all parties.” (R. 1‐1 at 6.) But the agreement also adds a juris‐ dictional caveat: “In considering any dispute under this pro‐ vision, the arbitrator [has] no authority to amend, delete from or add to this agreement.” Id. Arbitrator George R. Fleischli conducted a hearing on March 24, 2017, and delivered his award on July 8. Finding that the company did not have just cause to terminate Knox, he reversed the company’s action on two separate grounds. First, he disagreed with the company’s allegations that Knox’s remarks to Jones rose to the level of threats or intimidation and instead found that the statements were merely “a clear affront to [Jones’] authority.” (R. 1‐3 at 40–41.) While serious enough to warrant discipline, Fleischli did not believe that the comments violated the policy or merited termination. Second, and most notable for the case before us today, Fleischli found that Knox had, in fact, violated the policy by storing a firearm in his personal vehicle. However, he deter‐ mined that the policy was unenforceable because Knox pos‐ sessed a valid license to carry the weapon under the Illinois 4 No. 18‐1591

Concealed Carry Act, 430 ILCS 66/1 et seq. That statute ex‐ pressly permitted Knox to store his firearm in his vehicle on private property unless the owner posted a sign “indicating that firearms are prohibited on the property.” Id. at § 65(a‐10). Because the company had no such sign posted, the arbitrator found that the law “serve[d] to prohibit the Employer from enforcing its rule in the Grievant’s case, because he [was] in possession of a concealed carry license.” (R. 1‐3 at 44.) Ameren immediately brought suit to vacate Fleischli’s award. The district court, finding that the arbitrator improp‐ erly applied external public law to contradict the bargain be‐ tween the parties, granted summary judgment to Ameren and vacated the award. See Ameren Ill. Co. v. Int’l Bhd. of Elec. Work‐ ers, Local Union No. 51, No. 3:17‐cv‐03163, 2018 WL 1244149 (C.D. Ill. Mar. 9, 2018). II. ANALYSIS We review the district court’s decision to grant summary judgment and vacate the arbitrator’s award de novo. See Amax Coal Co. v. United Mine Workers of Am., Int’l Union, 92 F.3d 571, 574 (7th Cir. 1996). A court’s role in reviewing a labor arbitration award is “very limited.” United Steelworkers of Am. v. Am. Mfg. Co., 363 U.S. 564, 567 (1960). “The courts … have no business weighing the merits of the grievance, considering whether there is eq‐ uity in a particular claim, or determining whether there is par‐ ticular language in the written instrument which will support the claim.” Id. at 568. “As long as the arbitrator’s award ‘draws its essence from the [CBA],’ and is not merely ‘his own brand of industrial justice,’ the award is legitimate.” United Paperworkers Int’l Union, AFL‐CIO v. Misco, Inc., 484 U.S. 29, 36 No. 18‐1591 5

(1987) (quoting United Steelworkers of Am. v. Enterprise Wheel and Car Corp., 363 U.S. 593, 597 (1960)). “When an arbitrator resolves disputes regarding the application of a contract, and no dishonesty is alleged, the arbitrator’s ‘improvident, even silly factfinding’ does not provide a basis for a reviewing court to refuse to enforce the award.’” Major League Baseball Players Ass’n v. Garvey, 532 U.S. 504, 509 (2001) (quoting Misco, 484 U.S. at 39). “Courts thus do not sit to hear claims of factual or legal error by an arbitrator as an appellate court does in reviewing decisions of lower courts.” Misco, 484 U.S. at 38. This extraordinarily deferential standard of review is grounded in courts’ respect for the role of the labor arbitrator in administering “a system of industrial self‐government.” United Steelworkers of Am. v. Warrior & Gulf Nav. Co., 363 U.S. 574, 580 (1960).

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