MEMORANDUM DECISION Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be FILED regarded as precedent or cited before any Nov 15 2016, 11:18 am court except for the purpose of establishing CLERK the defense of res judicata, collateral Indiana Supreme Court Court of Appeals estoppel, or the law of the case. and Tax Court
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE Marce Gonzalez, Jr. Gregory F. Zoeller Appellate Public Defender Attorney General of Indiana Crown Point, Indiana Larry D. Allen Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
Albert B. Lucero, III, November 15, 2016 Appellant-Defendant, Court of Appeals Case No. 45A03-1603-CR-639 v. Appeal from the Lake Superior Court State of Indiana, The Honorable Salvador Vasquez, Appellee-Plaintiff. Judge Trial Court Cause No. 45G01-1506-F4-26
Najam, Judge.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 1 of 18 Statement of the Case [1] Albert B. Lucero, III appeals his convictions, following a jury trial, for child
molesting, as a Level 4 felony, and performing sexual conduct in the presence
of a minor, as a Level 6 felony. He also appeals his habitual offender
enhancement. He raises the following three issues:
1. Whether the trial court erred in removing Lucero from the courtroom during his sentencing.
2. Whether Lucero waived his right to a jury trial on the habitual offender charge by stipulating to his habitual offender status.
3. Whether his sentence was inappropriate in light of the offenses and his character.
[2] We affirm.
Facts and Procedural History [3] Lucero is the father and only parental guardian of C.L., who was born in
December 2001. Until April 2015, Lucero and C.L. lived with C.L.’s
grandmother, C.L.’s brother, and C.L.’s brother’s girlfriend, Melinda Rogers, in
East Chicago. After that time, Lucero and C.L. moved around and, at one
point, slept in the lobby of a jewelry store after hours.
[4] When C.L. was between the ages of twelve and fourteen, Lucero repeatedly
fondled her breasts and slapped her buttocks. Lucero told C.L. that he was
checking for lumps and to see if she needed to wear a bra. One night, while
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 2 of 18 C.L. was sharing a bed with Lucero in her grandmother’s house, C.L. awoke to
feel something poking her in the back. C.L. realized that the back of her shirt
was wet with what she described as a “whitish clear-ish kind of liquid.” Tr. at
93. C.L. woke Lucero, whom she thought was pretending to be asleep, and he
told her, “that’s what happens when a man is not with a woman for a long
time.” Id. at 94.
[5] During that same period of time, Lucero also tried to get C.L. to wear costumes
featuring revealing clothing and lingerie. The first costume was a bunny outfit
that was silky and slightly transparent. The second costume was a transparent
nurse’s outfit that included a red lace bra and panties. Lucero bought C.L. lace
and silk undergarments and told her that “he knew how to dress [C.L.] sexy,
but classy.” Id. at 117. Lucero also told C.L. that it was fine for him to see her
body, stating, “It’s fine. I made it. I can see it.” Id.
[6] One night when C.L. was thirteen and she and Lucero were staying in the local
jewelry store after hours, C.L. was eating dinner in the lounge area of the store
and Lucero was in a backroom. Lucero called C.L. into the backroom and
showed her photographs on his cellphone of a woman in lingerie on a bed.
Lucero showed C.L. another photograph depicting what C.L. later described as
a “girl’s private area with a lollipop in her.” Id. at 102. C.L. noticed that
Lucero had a bulge in his pants. Lucero instructed C.L. to stand in the corner
and, while C.L.’s back was turned, Lucero began masturbating and moaning.
C.L. tried to cover her ears so she did not have to listen to Lucero.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 3 of 18 [7] After a few minutes, Lucero asked C.L. to back up so he could “touch [her]
butt” and make it “feel more realistic to him.” Id. at 106. Lucero then asked
C.L. to sit on his covered lap and “wiggle,” and she did so. Id. at 107-08.
Lucero then told C.L. to stand up and to turn around to face him. C.L. was
reluctant to turn around, but Lucero said, “It’s not a snake. It’s not going to bite
you.” Id. at 105. C.L. turned around and saw on the floor in front of Lucero
the same substance that C.L. had seen in the bedroom before. Lucero told C.L.
to get a mop so he could clean it up. On another occasion while Lucero and
C.L. were sleeping in the jewelry store after hours, Lucero told C.L. that he
would give her the Wi-Fi password if she would “jack [him] off.” Id. at 113.
[8] Later that same year, C.L. and Lucero went to the Indiana sand dunes.
Because it was raining, they stayed in the car. Lucero began to look at the same
photographs he had shown to C.L. previously inside the jewelry store. Lucero
leaned back his seat and told C.L. to “keep an eye out.” Id. at 110. C.L.
looked out of the car window, and she heard Lucero masturbating and
moaning. Lucero asked C.L. to put her leg up on the car’s dash board so he
could touch her, and he began to touch C.L.’s inner-thigh while he
masturbated. Lucero finished and asked C.L. to pass him a grease cloth so that
he could clean up.
[9] At first, C.L. did not tell anyone what Lucero was doing to her because she was
scared of him. Lucero had told C.L. that if she talked to anyone like the
Department of Child Services (“DCS”), they would send her to live with her
mother. Lucero had told C.L. that her mother was a prostitute and would sell
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 4 of 18 C.L. for drug money. However, later that year, C.L. saw her brother’s former
girlfriend, Rogers, at a drug store. Rogers immediately noticed that C.L. wore
tight pants and high heels. After she spoke with Rogers for a while, C.L. told
Rogers what Lucero was doing with her. Rogers immediately called DCS.
[10] When DCS attempted to investigate, they initially could not locate Lucero or
C.L. Eventually, a DCS investigator called Lucero directly. Lucero lied and
stated that he was living in South Dakota on a reservation. However, DCS
tracked C.L. down to a nearby apartment in East Chicago and went to the
apartment. Lucero called C.L. to warn her that DCS was coming and
instructed her to change her appearance, disguise herself, escape out of the back
door of the apartment, and meet him in an alley. C.L. followed Lucero’s
instructions and met him in a nearby alley where he had parked his car and
hidden in the bushes. Lucero then drove C.L. to Nebraska.
[11] C.L. spent several weeks in Nebraska until she called her grandmother and
asked her grandmother to come and get her. C.L.’s grandmother drove C.L.
back to Indiana and called DCS. After C.L. was interviewed by DCS, the State
filed criminal charges against Lucero. Lucero twice violated a no-contact order
with C.L.: prior to his trial, Lucero sent C.L. a letter from prison, and, during
his trial, Lucero mouthed the words “I love you” and “you can stop this” to
C.L. over and over while she was on the witness stand preparing to testifying.
Id. at 393.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 5 of 18 [12] Following a jury trial, Lucero was convicted of child molesting as a Level 4
felony, and performing sexual conduct in the presence of a minor, as a Level 6
felony. Lucero admitted that he had two prior unrelated felony convictions and
“stipulate[d] to the habitual offender enhancement.” Id. at 328. According to
Lucero’s pre-sentence investigation report, he had three adjudications as a
juvenile delinquent, one misdemeanor conviction as an adult, and three felony
convictions as an adult. Lucero’s felony convictions were for attempted
burglary in Florida, and Class C felony burglary and Class C felony criminal
recklessness in Indiana.
[13] On February 19, 2015, the trial court held Lucero’s sentencing hearing. At the
beginning of the hearing, the trial court noted that Lucero was communicating
with correctional officers and court staff that he may act in such a way as to
force someone to kill him. As soon as Lucero was brought into the courtroom
for the hearing, he began interrupting the proceedings despite being represented
by counsel. The trial court asked Lucero to be quiet and told Lucero that he
would have “the opportunity to say something in a few moments.” Id. at 361.
Lucero continued to interrupt the proceedings, and the trial court continued to
order Lucero to stop interrupting. The trial court told Lucero:
THE COURT: It is not proper for you to interrupt me or interrupt these proceedings. But I’ll—as I’ve indicated before, I’ll give you the opportunity to speak, if we get to that point.
MR. LUCERO: If.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 6 of 18 THE COURT: But you don’t have an absolute right to be here. I can make the finding that you’ve become so disruptive that you should no longer be part of this hearing. It’s something that I rarely do because I try to be extremely patient—particularly when it comes to a sentencing hearing on . . . a person who’s been found guilty as a result of a jury trial. You should be here and you should have the opportunity to be heard, but that’s not absolute.
If you continue to interrupt me, Mr. Lucero, I want you to be perfectly clear. I will excuse you and we will conduct the sentencing hearing in your absence without you being here. So I’m asking you at this point to be quiet. And I’m requesting you to not interrupt the proceedings anymore. Keep that in mind.
Id. at 364-65.
[14] Lucero continued to interject throughout the hearing, including raising
objections despite his counsel telling him that he could not speak out. Lucero
also stated, “[t]his is all a setup,” and, “[t]his is all a lie.” Id. at 379. The trial
court once again warned Lucero and stated, “[y]ou need to stop interrupting
me. If you do it one more time, I will excuse you.” Id. at 380. Almost
immediately, Lucero again interrupted his own counsel. The trial court once
again told Lucero to stop speaking and the court would give him an
opportunity to speak if they got to that point in the hearing.
[15] While he reviewed the presentence investigation, Lucero stated, “[t]his is
bullshit.” Id. at 381. When the prosecutor began to read the victim impact
statement from C.L., Lucero crumbled a piece of paper and interrupted by
saying, “[i]t’s a lie. It’s not her. I already know my daughter.” Id. at 382. Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 7 of 18 [16] At that point, Lucero had interrupted the proceedings approximately twenty
times. The trial court ordered that Lucero be removed from the courtroom
because of the constant interruptions. In explaining its decision, the trial court
stated, in part:
Lucero is now removed from the courtroom. And I think I’ve given him more than enough opportunity to be present and more than enough opportunity to be part of this proceeding—a significant proceeding, as I see it. … I removed him as opposed to holding him in contempt. He’s upset. But being upset does not give rise to being excused for being disruptive.
Id. at 382-83. The trial court also noted that it was “highly concerned” about
Lucero’s threat of suicide at the hands of the guards and that it did not want “to
take the chance that he would blow up in our presence.” Id. at 383-84.
Lucero’s counsel did not object to his client being removed from the courtroom.
[17] Lucero’s counsel remained present throughout the sentencing hearing and took
part in those proceedings. At the conclusion of the sentencing hearing, the trial
court found there were no mitigating circumstances. Regarding aggravating
factors, the trial court noted that Lucero demonstrated poor character by being
dishonest, manipulative, and violating the no contact order. The trial court also
noted that Lucero’s criminal history and Lucero’s violation of a position of trust
as a father were aggravating circumstances. The trial court sentenced Lucero to
ten years on Count I, child molesting as a Level 4 felony, and two years for
Count III, performing sexual conduct in the presence of a minor as a Level 6
felony. The trial court enhanced Count I by fourteen years for Lucero’s status
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 8 of 18 as a habitual offender and ordered Lucero to serve his sentences for Counts I
and III consecutively. Thus, Lucero’s aggregate sentence was twenty-six years
in the Indiana Department of Correction. This appeal ensued.
Discussion and Decision Issue One: Right to Be Present at Sentencing
[18] Lucero contends that the trial court erred when it removed him from the court
room and held his sentencing hearing without him. We review a trial court’s
decision to remove a defendant from the courtroom and continue his trial in his
absence for an abuse of discretion. Wilson v. State, 30 N.E.3d 1264, 1269 (Ind.
Ct. App. 2015), trans. denied. “An abuse of discretion occurs when the trial
court’s decision is clearly against the logic, facts, and circumstances presented.
We do not reweigh evidence.” Id. (citations omitted).
[19] The Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution and Article 1, Section
13 of the Indiana Constitution grant a defendant in a criminal proceeding the
right to be present at all stages of his trial. Id. However, that right may be
waived if it is done so knowingly and voluntarily. “[S]ignificantly
contemptuous conduct by a defendant can function as a knowing and voluntary
waiver of [his] right to be present” at any stage of his trial. Id. As we stated in
Campbell v. State, 732 N.E.2d 197, 204 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000) (quoting Illinois v.
Allen, 397 U.S. 337, 343 (1970)):
[A] defendant can lose his right to be present at trial if, after he has been warned by the judge that he will be removed if he continues his disruptive behavior, he nevertheless insists on Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 9 of 18 conducting himself in a manner so disorderly, disruptive, and disrespectful of the court that his trial cannot be carried on with him in the courtroom.
[20] In the instant case, the trial judge was extremely patient with Lucero and
provided him with multiple opportunities to cease his interruptions of the
proceedings and remain in the courtroom. Moreover, the trial court gave
Lucero two clear warnings that he would be removed and the sentencing
hearing would be held without him if he did not cease his interruptions. Tr. at
365, 380. Yet, Lucero chose to continue to interrupt both the court and the
lawyers and disrupt the proceedings by shouting out sometimes profane
statements. Lucero’s disruptive actions amounted to a waiver of his Sixth
Amendment and Article 1, Section 13 rights. Campbell, 732 N.E.2d at 205. The
trial court was well within its discretion when it finally excluded Lucero from
the remainder of his sentencing hearing.
Issue Two: Habitual Offender Status
[21] Lucero claims his admission to being a habitual offender1 was a guilty plea, not
a stipulation, and that it was not given knowingly or voluntarily. After the
pronouncement of the jury’s verdicts, the trial court engaged in the following
exchange with Lucero, outside of the jury’s presence, regarding the habitual
offender charge:
1 A “habitual offender” has at least two prior unrelated felony convictions such that his sentence can be enhanced. Ind. Code § 35-50-2-8 (2014).
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 10 of 18 THE COURT: You may be seated. All right. Mr. Vazanellis, you indicated that you discussed with your client the second phase and your client has indicated to you that he would like to stipulate to the habitual offender enhancement; is that correct?
MR. VAZANELLIS: Yes, your Honor.
THE COURT: All right. Mr. Lucero, I want to address you on this, because you have some rights and they’re your rights and your rights alone. Okay. You have the right to have a jury trial on the habitual offender enhancement. And at that trial all of the same rights would pertain that pertained to the first half of this trial. You have the right to confront the witnesses, to cross- examine them; to testify, if you chose to do so.
MR. LUCERO: I’m not worried about none of that. It doesn’t matter.
THE COURT: You’re not worried about any—
MR. LUCERO: No.
THE COURT: Okay. So you’re willing to waive your right to a jury trial?
MR. LUCERO: I’ll waive my death. I waive everything. It’s done.
THE COURT: All right. All right. I’ll show, then, that the defendant has, in fact, waived his right to a jury trial on the habitual offender enhancement. Then let me ask you, Mr. Lucero, are you admitting to the fact that you do have . . . two prior unrelated felony convictions?
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 11 of 18 MR. LUCERO: I got a million of them.
THE COURT: Okay. So you are admitting that?
MR. LUCERO: It’s done.
THE COURT: I need a yes or a no from you.
MR. LUCERO: Yes, it’s fine.
THE COURT: Thank you. All right. I’ll show, then, that you have made that admission. . . .
Tr. at 328-30 (emphasis added).
[22] The trial court then listed and discussed two of Lucero’s prior felony
convictions as follows:
THE COURT: The count that they’re talking about here is the amended information habitual count. It indicates that on February 21st of 1991, that you were – that you committed the offense of burglary as a C felony. And on or about October 4th you were sentenced to a term of two years in the Department of Correction for that conviction, which was suspended and served on probation, six months to be served on home detention.
Thereafter, after that sentence – specifically[,] on or about November 1st of 1991, it is alleged that you committed the offense of criminal recklessness as a C felony. That was in 45G01-9111-CF-244. It’s alleged that[,] on June 10th of 1993, that [sic] you were convicted by way of plea agreement to criminal recklessness as a Class C felony. And on June 10th of
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 12 of 18 1993[,] you were sentenced to a term of three years on the Department of Correction.
***
Would you admit those convictions for me, Mr. Lucero?
MR. LUCERO: When I was a juvenile or young, yeah.
THE COURT: When you were young, yes.
Okay. I’m gonna accept, then, the stipulation or the admission to the habitual offender and the waiver of a jury trial on that – on that enhancement.
Id. at 332-33.
[23] A defendant, personally or through his attorney, may stipulate that he has two
prior unrelated felony convictions but that stipulation does not, by itself, equal
an admission that he is a habitual offender for sentencing purposes. See Garrett
v. State, 737 N.E.2d 388, 392 (Ind. 2000). However, if the defendant, personally
or through his attorney, goes beyond merely stipulating to the underlying
convictions and also expressly admits to the habitual offender enhancement,
such an admission is the functional equivalent of a guilty plea. See Vanzandt v.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 13 of 18 State, 730 N.E.2d 721, 726 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000).2 And a defendant may
challenge a guilty plea only in a petition for post-conviction relief, not on direct
appeal. Tumulty v. State, 666 N.E.2d 394, 396 (Ind. 1996).
[24] Here, Lucero’s admission was a guilty plea, not a stipulation. Lucero admitted
that he had at least two prior unrelated felony convictions, which the court
described to him, and that admission provided the factual basis for his guilty
plea to the habitual offender charge. See, e.g., Daugherty v. State, 547 N.E.2d
1116, 1117 (Ind. Ct. App. 1989) (citing Frazier v. State, 490 N.E.2d 315, 316
(Ind. 1986) (holding a sufficient factual basis existed for defendant’s guilty plea
to habitual offender charge, where defendant admitted facts in information
charging him as habitual offender). However, Lucero went further and,
through his attorney, expressly “stipulate[d] to the habitual offender
enhancement,” and personally agreed to waive his right to a jury trial, along
with other fundamental rights, on the habitual offender charge.3 Tr. at 329. In
light of Lucero’s express admissions and waivers, the trial court ended the
habitual offender phase of Lucero’s trial. The lawyers ceased all argument on
2 When a defendant pleads guilty to being a habitual offender, the trial court must advise the defendant of his right against self-incrimination, the right to trial by jury, and the right to confront accusers before accepting a guilty plea. Dewitt v. State, 755 N.E.2d 167, 171 (Ind. 2001) (citing Boykin v. Alabama, 395 U.S. 238 (1969)). Lucero makes no claim that the trial court failed to advise him of those rights. 3 Thus, Lucero clearly made a personal waiver of his right against self-incrimination, right to a trial by jury, and right to confront accusers. Horton v. State, 51 N.E.3d 1154, 1159 (Ind. 2016) (holding the defendant must personally waive his right to a jury trial on a habitual-offender charge.)
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 14 of 18 the issue, the issue was never put to the jury, and the trial court proceeded
directly to sentencing.
[25] The same scenario led our supreme court to conclude in Tumulty that the
defendant had pleaded guilty to a habitual offender enhancement.4 666 N.E.2d
at 395-96. Similarly, in Vanzandt, we held that the defendant had entered a
guilty plea where he admitted not just to the underlying convictions but also to
the enhancement itself, which resulted in the trial court dismissing the jury. 730
N.E.2d at 726; cf. Garrett, 737 N.E.2d at 392 (holding that the defendant did not
plead guilty to being an habitual offender where (1) he only admitted to the
existence of prior offenses, but did not admit the offenses were unrelated, (2) the
lawyers subsequently presented arguments on the habitual offender charge, and
(3) the habitual offender charge was submitted to the jury).
[26] Because Lucero’s admission to the habitual offender enhancement was a guilty
plea, he cannot challenge his plea or the enhancement on direct appeal.
Tumulty, 666 N.E.2d at 396. Therefore, we affirm Lucero’s conviction. See
Stringer v. State, 899 N.E.2d 748, 750 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009).
Issue Three: Inappropriateness of Sentence
[27] Lucero also contends that his sentence is inappropriate in light of the nature of
the offenses and his character. Article 7, Sections 4 and 6 of the Indiana
4 The State cites Hopkins v. State, 889 N.E.2d 314, 317 (Ind. 2008), for authority that Lucero had stipulated to the habitual offender enhancement, but Hopkins is not controlling here because it was decided under the post- conviction relief standard of review.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 15 of 18 Constitution “authorize[] independent appellate review and revision of a
sentence imposed by the trial court.” Roush v. State, 875 N.E.2d 801, 812 (Ind.
Ct. App. 2007) (alteration original). This appellate authority is implemented
through Indiana Appellate Rule 7(B). Id. Revision of a sentence under Rule
7(B) requires the appellant to demonstrate that his sentence is inappropriate in
light of the nature of his offenses and his character. See Ind. Appellate Rule
7(B); Rutherford v. State, 866 N.E.2d 867, 873 (Ind. Ct. App. 2007). We assess
the trial court’s recognition or non-recognition of aggravators and mitigators as
an initial guide to determining whether the sentence imposed was
inappropriate. Gibson v. State, 856 N.E.2d 142, 147 (Ind. Ct. App. 2006).
However, “a defendant must persuade the appellate court that his or her
sentence has met th[e] inappropriateness standard of review.” Roush, 875
N.E.2d at 812 (alteration original).
[28] Indiana’s flexible sentencing scheme allows trial courts to tailor an appropriate
sentence to the circumstances presented, and the trial court’s judgment “should
receive considerable deference.” Cardwell v. State, 895 N.E.2d 1219, 1222, 1224
(Ind. 2008). The principal role of appellate review is to attempt to “leaven the
outliers.” Id. at 1225. Whether we regard a sentence as inappropriate at the
end of the day turns on “our sense of the culpability of the defendant, the
severity of the crime, the damage done to others, and myriad other facts that
come to light in a given case.” Id. at 1224. The question is not whether another
sentence is more appropriate, but rather whether the sentence imposed is
inappropriate. King v. State, 894 N.E.2d 265, 268 (Ind. Ct. App. 2008).
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 16 of 18 Deference to the trial court “prevail[s] unless overcome by compelling evidence
portraying in a positive light the nature of the offense (such as accompanied by
restraint, regard, and lack of brutality) and the defendant’s character (such as
substantial virtuous traits or persistent examples of good character).” Stephenson
v. State, 29 N.E.3d 111, 122 (Ind. 2015).
[29] Lucero’s offenses were child molesting, as a Level 4 felony, and performing
sexual conduct in the presence of a minor, as a Level 6 felony. These are, by
their very nature, serious and depraved crimes—but even more so in this case
where the sexual abuse was directed toward Lucero’s own minor daughter who
trusted and relied upon him as her sole parental guardian. Moreover, as the
trial court correctly found, Lucero exhibited poor character by abusing his
position of trust as the young victim’s father and by behaving in a dishonest and
manipulative manner with her, as shown, among other things, by his repeated
violations of the no-contact order. All of this, in addition to Lucero’s criminal
history, see, e.g., Garcia v. State, 47 N.E.3d 1249, 1251 (Ind. Ct. App. 2015),
trans. denied, reflect poorly on his character.
[30] Lucero appears to assert that his sentence should be revised because he did not
commit more serious crimes. Appellant’s Br. at 25. However, our Rule 7(B)
analysis does not focus on comparisons to the sentences for other types of
crimes.5 See, e.g., Anglin v. State, 787 N.E.2d 1012, 1019 (Ind. Ct. App. 2003),
5 Moreover, we note that the trial court did not even impose the maximum sentence on Lucero; had it done so, his sentence would have been thirty-four years of incarceration. I.C. § 35-50-2-5.5 (sentencing range for
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 17 of 18 trans. denied. Rather, we focus less upon comparing the facts of a case to others,
whether real or hypothetical, and more upon the nature, extent, and depravity
of the offense for which the defendant is being sentenced and what it reveals
about his character. Id.; see also Brown v. State, 760 N.E.2d 243, 248 (Ind. Ct.
App. 2002) (“Although one can imagine facts that might be worse than those
before us here, such does not lessen the severity of [defendant’s] conduct or
bolster the quality of his character by comparison.”), trans. denied.
[31] Lucero’s sentence is not inappropriate given the nature of the offenses and his
character.
[32] Affirmed.
Vaidik, C.J., and Baker, J., concur.
Level 4 felony); I.C. § 35-50-2-7 (sentencing range for Level 6 felony); I.C. § 35-50-2-8 (sentencing range for the habitual offender enhancement). Instead, the court sentenced Lucero to an aggregate term of twenty-six years.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 45A03-1603-CR-639 | November 15, 2016 Page 18 of 18