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Title 45 — Railroads

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Chapter 1SAFETY APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT ON RAILROAD ENGINES AND CARS, AND PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEES AND TRAVELERS
§ 15Repealed. Pub. L. 97–449, §7(b), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2444
§ 16Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, §7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379
Chapter 2LIABILITY FOR INJURIES TO EMPLOYEES
§ 51Liability of common carriers by railroad, in interstate or foreign commerce, for injuries to employees from negligence; employee defined
§ 52Carriers in Territories or other possessions of United States
§ 53Contributory negligence; diminution of damages
§ 54Assumption of risks of employment
§ 54aCertain Federal and State regulations deemed statutory authority
§ 55Contract, rule, regulation, or device exempting from liability; set-off
§ 56Actions; limitation; concurrent jurisdiction of courts
§ 57Who included in term "common carrier"
§ 58Duty or liability of common carriers and rights of employees under other acts not impaired
§ 59Survival of right of action of person injured
§ 60Penalty for suppression of voluntary information incident to accidents; separability
Chapter 5GOVERNMENT-AIDED RAILROADS
§ 92aRepealed. Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, §53, 70A Stat. 641
§ 93Transferred
Chapter 6MEDIATION, CONCILIATION, AND ARBITRATION IN CONTROVERSIES BETWEEN CARRIERS AND EMPLOYEES
§ 126Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, §7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379
Chapter 8RAILWAY LABOR
§ 151Definitions; short title
§ 151aGeneral purposes
§ 152General duties
§ 153National Railroad Adjustment Board
§ 154National Mediation Board
§ 155Functions of Mediation Board
§ 156Procedure in changing rates of pay, rules, and working conditions
§ 157Arbitration
§ 158Agreement to arbitrate; form and contents; signatures and acknowledgment; revocation
§ 159Award and judgment thereon; effect of chapter on individual employee
§ 159aSpecial procedure for commuter service
§ 160Emergency board
§ 160aRules and regulations
§ 161Effect of partial invalidity of chapter
§ 162Authorization of appropriations
§ 163Repeal of prior legislation; exception
§ 164Repealed. Oct. 10, 1940, ch. 851, §4, 54 Stat. 1111
§ 165Evaluation and audit of Mediation Board
§ 181Application of subchapter I to carriers by air
§ 182Duties, penalties, benefits, and privileges of subchapter I applicable
§ 183Disputes within jurisdiction of Mediation Board
§ 184System, group, or regional boards of adjustment
§ 185National Air Transport Adjustment Board
§ 186Omitted
§ 187Separability
§ 188Authorization of appropriations
Chapter 9RETIREMENT OF RAILROAD EMPLOYEES
§ 209Repealed. Pub. L. 89–554, §8(a), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 649
§ 228dRepealed. July 31, 1946, ch. 709, §212, 60 Stat. 729
§ 231Definitions
§ 231aAnnuity eligibility requirements
§ 231bComputation of annuities
§ 231cComputation of spouse and survivor annuities
§ 231dAnnuity beginning and ending dates
§ 231eLump sum payments
§ 231fRailroad Retirement Board
§ 231gCourt jurisdiction
§ 231hReturns of compensation; conclusiveness
§ 231iErroneous payments
§ 231jWaiver of annuities
§ 231kIncompetence
§ 231lPenalties
§ 231mAssignability; exemption from levy
§ 231nRailroad Retirement Account
§ 231oPrivate pensions
§ 231pFree transportation
§ 231qCrediting service under Social Security Act
§ 231rAutomatic benefit eligibility requirement adjustments
§ 231sSeparability
§ 231tShort title
§ 231uBenefit preservation
§ 231vComputation and certification of account benefit ratios
§ 231f–1Annual actuarial report
§ 231n–1Social Security Equivalent Benefit Account
Chapter 11RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE
§ 351Definitions
§ 352Benefits
§ 353Qualifying condition
§ 354Disqualifying conditions
§ 355Claims for benefits
§ 355aAcceptance of claims for benefits
§ 356Returns of compensation; conclusiveness; failure to make
§ 357Free transportation
§ 358Contributions
§ 359Penalties
§ 360Railroad unemployment insurance account
§ 361Railroad unemployment insurance administration fund
§ 362Duties and powers of Board
§ 363Exclusiveness of provisions; transfers from State unemployment compensation accounts to railroad unemployment insurance account
§ 363aRefunds of State unemployment contributions by employees; amount; application period; definitions
§ 364District of Columbia account, transfer of funds to railroad unemployment insurance account
§ 365Omitted
§ 366Separability
§ 366aEffect of Internal Revenue Code
§ 367Short title
§ 368Repealed. Pub. L. 104–251, §5(c), Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3165
§ 369Annual report
Chapter 12TEMPORARY RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE PROGRAM
§ 401Payment of compensation; eligibility; duration; maximum aggregate amount payable; duplication of benefits; application of railroad unemployment insurance provisions
§ 402Exchange of information between Secretary of Labor and Railroad Retirement Board
§ 403Appropriation to railroad unemployment insurance account; transfer and repayment of funds; interest
§ 404Temporary increase in employers' contribution rate
Chapter 13RAILROAD SAFETY
§ 421Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, §7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379
Chapter 14RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE
§ 564Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, §7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379; Pub. L. 103–429, §8(6), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4390
§ 601Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, §7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379
§ 602Repealed. Pub. L. 102–533, §7(c), Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3519
§ 641Repealed. Pub. L. 96–73, title I, §111(b), Sept. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 541
§ 645Repealed. Pub. L. 99–272, title IV, §4007(b), Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 108
Chapter 15EMERGENCY RAIL SERVICES
§ 661Definitions
§ 662Guarantee of certificates
§ 663Inspection of accounts, books, etc., of railroad receiving financial assistance
§ 664Issuance of obligations to Secretary of the Treasury
§ 665Utilization of services and facilities of Federal departments and agencies; reimbursement; consultation with Board; coordination of activities with Federal departments and agencies
§ 666Court supervision of expenditures; findings; report to Secretary
§ 667Audit by Comptroller General; report to Congress
§ 668Guarantee fees; amount; deposit
§ 669Repealed. Pub. L. 97–375, title I, §111(e), Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1821
Chapter 16REGIONAL RAIL REORGANIZATION
§ 701Congressional declaration of policy
§ 702Definitions
§ 711Formation and structure
§ 712Functions of Association
§ 713Access to information
§ 714Omitted
§ 715Repealed. Pub. L. 95–473, §4(b), Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1466
§ 716Final system plan
§ 717Adoption of final system plan
§ 718Review by Congress
§ 719Judicial review
§ 720Obligations of Association
§ 721Loans
§ 722Records, audit, and examination
§ 723Emergency assistance pending implementation
§ 724Authorization of appropriations
§ 725Interim agreements
§ 726Debentures and series A preferred stock
§ 727Additional purchases of Series A preferred stock
§ 728Reports to Congress
§ 729Advisory Board
§ 741Formation and structure
§ 742Powers and duties of Corporation
§ 743Valuation and conveyance of rail properties
§ 744Termination and continuation of rail services
§ 744aEnd of Conrail commuter service obligation
§ 745Continuing reorganization; supplemental transactions
§ 746Certificates of value
§ 747Protection of Federal funds
§ 748Abandonments
§ 791Relationship to other laws
§ 792Repealed. Pub. L. 97–375, title I, §111(b), Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1821
§ 793Repealed. Pub. L. 95–473, §4(b), Oct. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 1466; Pub. L. 97–449, §4(b)(2), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2441, eff. Oct. 17, 1978
§ 794Tax payments to States
§ 797Repealed. Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, §4024(c), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1904
§ 797aTermination allowance
§ 797bPreferential hiring
§ 797cCentral register of railroad employment
§ 797dElection and treatment of benefits
§ 797eAssignment of work
§ 797fContracting out
§ 797gNew collective-bargaining agreements
§ 797hEmployee and personal injury claims
§ 797iLimitations on liability
§ 797jPreemption
§ 797kFactfinding panel
§ 797lClass II railroads receiving Federal assistance
§ 797mArbitration
Chapter 17RAILROAD REVITALIZATION AND REGULATORY REFORM
§ 801Declaration of policy
§ 802Definitions
§ 803Repealed. Pub. L. 97–449, §7(b), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2443
§ 825aRepealed. Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, §4033(c)(6), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1909
§ 831Transferred
§ 835Repealed. Pub. L. 97–375, title I, §111(d), Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1821; Pub. L. 105–178, title VII, §7203(a)(2), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 477
§ 836Repealed. Pub. L. 117–58, div. B, title I, §21301(b)(1)(A), Nov. 15, 2021, 135 Stat. 683
§ 851Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, §7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379
§ 852Repealed. Pub. L. 97–35, title XI, §1188(e), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 699
§ 856Repealed. Pub. L. 103–429, §7(a)(1), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4388
Chapter 18MILWAUKEE RAILROAD RESTRUCTURING
§ 901Congressional findings
§ 902Definitions
§ 903Sales and transfers
§ 904Court approved abandonments and sales
§ 905Employee or employee-shipper ownership plan
§ 906Guarantee of trustee certificates
§ 907Railroad hiring
§ 908Employee protection agreements
§ 909Supplementary unemployment insurance
§ 910Repealed. Pub. L. 97–35, title XI, §1144(b), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 669
§ 911New career training assistance
§ 912Election
§ 913Authorization of appropriations
§ 914Obligation guarantees
§ 915Court approved abandonment and sales in pending cases
§ 916Repealed. Pub. L. 104–88, title III, §328, Dec. 29, 1995, 109 Stat. 952
§ 917Applicability of National Environmental Policy Act
§ 918Authority of Railroad Retirement Board
§ 919Publications and reports
§ 920Continuation of service
§ 921Office of Rail Public Counsel
§ 922Employee stock ownership plan for surviving portion of Milwaukee Railroad
Chapter 19ROCK ISLAND RAILROAD EMPLOYEE ASSISTANCE
§ 1001Congressional findings
§ 1002Definitions
§ 1003Service continuation
§ 1004Railroad hiring
§ 1005Employee protection agreement
§ 1006Repealed. Pub. L. 97–35, title XI, §1144(b), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 669
§ 1007Election
§ 1008Repealed. Pub. L. 97–468, title II, §234(a), Jan. 14, 1983, 96 Stat. 2547
§ 1009Expedited proceedings
§ 1010Applicability of National Environmental Policy Act and section 6362(b) of title 42
§ 1011Authority of Railroad Retirement Board
§ 1012Publications and reports
§ 1013Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, §7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379
§ 1014New career training assistance
§ 1015Repealed. Pub. L. 104–88, title III, §329(2), Dec. 29, 1995, 109 Stat. 952
§ 1016Temporary rail banking
§ 1017Temporary operating approval
§ 1018Judicial review
Chapter 20NORTHEAST RAIL SERVICE
§ 1101Congressional findings and declarations
§ 1102Statement of purpose
§ 1103Goals and objectives
§ 1104Definitions
§ 1105Judicial review
§ 1106Exemption from transfer taxes and fees; recordation
§ 1107Repealed. Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, §4033(c)(1)(C)(i)(I), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1908
§ 1108Concerted economic action
§ 1109Effectuation of cost reductions
§ 1110Repealed. Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, §4033(c)(1)(C)(i)(II), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1908
§ 1111Repealed. Pub. L. 105–134, title IV, §408, Dec. 2, 1997, 111 Stat. 2586
§ 1112Interstate Commerce Commission proceedings
§ 1113Intercity passenger service
§ 1114Repealed. Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, §4033(c)(1)(C)(i)(III), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1908
§ 1115Redemption of stock
§ 1116Applicability of other laws
Chapter 21ALASKA RAILROAD TRANSFER
§ 1201Findings
§ 1202Definitions
§ 1203Transfer authorization
§ 1204Transition period
§ 1205Lands to be transferred
§ 1206Employees of Alaska Railroad
§ 1207State operation
§ 1208Future rights-of-way
§ 1209Repealed. Pub. L. 108–7, div. I, title III, §345(5), Feb. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 418
§ 1210Other disposition
§ 1211Denali National Park and Preserve lands
§ 1212Applicability of other laws
§ 1213Conflict with other laws
§ 1214Separability
Chapter 22CONRAIL PRIVATIZATION
§ 1301Findings
§ 1302Purposes
§ 1303Definitions
§ 1311Preparation for public offering
§ 1312Public offering
§ 1313Fees
§ 1321Rail service obligations
§ 1322Ownership limitations
§ 1323Board of Directors
§ 1324Certain enforcement relief
§ 1341Abolition of United States Railway Association
§ 1342Exemption from liability
§ 1343Charter amendment
§ 1344Status of Conrail after sale
§ 1345Effect on contracts
§ 1346Resolution of certain issues
§ 1347Tax treatment of Conrail public sale