Pennsylvania § 1765 Judges of election

Pennsylvania Statutes

§ 1765 — Judges of election

Pennsylvania § 1765

JurisdictionPennsylvania

Title 15CORPORATIONS AND UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS

PartPART II

Ch. 17OFFICERS, DIRECTORS AND SHAREHOLDERS

Subch.SHAREHOLDERS

This text of Pennsylvania § 1765 (Judges of election) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook

15 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 1765 (2026).

Text

(a)General rule.--Unless otherwise provided in a bylaw adopted by the shareholders:

(1)Appointment.--In advance of any meeting of shareholders of a business corporation, the board of directors may appoint judges of election, who need not be shareholders, to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof. If judges of election are not so appointed, the presiding officer of the meeting may, and on the request of any shareholder shall, appoint judges of election at the meeting. The number of judges shall be one or three. A person who is a candidate for office to be filled at the meeting shall not act as a judge.

(2)Vacancies.--In case any person appointed as a judge fails to appear or fails or refuses to act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the board of directors in advan

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

(a) General rule.--Unless otherwise provided in a bylaw adopted by the shareholders:

(1) Appointment.--In advance of any meeting of shareholders of a business corporation, the board of directors may appoint judges of election, who need not be shareholders, to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof. If judges of election are not so appointed, the presiding officer of the meeting may, and on the request of any shareholder shall, appoint judges of election at the meeting. The number of judges shall be one or three. A person who is a candidate for office to be filled at the meeting shall not act as a judge.

(2) Vacancies.--In case any person appointed as a judge fails to appear or fails or refuses to act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the board of directors in advance of the convening of the meeting or at the meeting by the presiding officer thereof.

(3) Duties.--The judges of election shall determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, the authenticity, validity and effect of proxies, receive votes or ballots, hear and determine all challenges and questions in any way arising in connection with the right to vote, count and tabulate all votes, determine the result and do such acts as may be proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all shareholders. The judges of election shall perform their duties impartially, in good faith, to the best of their ability and as expeditiously as is practical. If there are three judges of election, the decision, act or certificate of a majority shall be effective in all respects as the decision, act or certificate of all.

(4) Report.--On request of the presiding officer of the meeting, or of any shareholder, the judges shall make a report in writing of any challenge or question or matter determined by them, and execute a certificate of any fact found by them. Any report or certificate made by them shall be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.

(b) Cross reference.--See section 3136 (relating to judges of election).