§ 33-2-301 — Short Title -- Purpose -- Definitions

33-2-301 . Short title -- purpose -- definitions. (1) This part constitutes and may be referred to as "The Surplus Lines Insurance Law".
(2) The purpose of this part is to:
(a) protect persons seeking insurance in this state;
(b) permit surplus lines insurance to be placed with reputable and financially sound unauthorized insurers and, except with a domestic surplus lines insurer, to be exported from this state pursuant to this part;
(c) establish a system of regulation that will permit orderly access to surplus lines insurance in this state and encourage unauthorized insurers to provide new and innovative types of insurance to consumers in this state; and
(d) protect revenues of this state.
(3) As used in this part, the following definitions apply:
(a) "Affiliated" means that a person directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the insured.
(b) "Affiliated group" means any group of persons that are affiliated.
(c) "Approved risk list" means the list approved by the commissioner of the kinds of insurance presumed unobtainable from authorized insurers when Montana is the home state of the insured.
(d) "Authorized insurer" means an insurer authorized pursuant to 33-2-101 to transact insurance in this state.
(e) (i) "Business entity" means a corporation, a limited liability company, an association, a partnership, a limited liability partnership, or other legal entity.
(ii) The term does not include an individual.
(f) "Control", including the terms "controlled by" and "under common control with", means that:
(i) the person directly or indirectly or acting through one or more other persons owns, controls, or has the power to vote 25% or more of any class of voting securities of a business entity; or
(ii) the person controls in any manner the election of a majority of the directors or trustees of a business entity.
(g) (i) "Disability income insurance" has the meaning provided in 33-1-235 for:
(A) individuals employed in professional sports or the entertainment industry; or
(B) a business entity insuring a principal to cover liability or provide assurance for the business entity's loans or contracts.
(ii) Disability income insurance sold on the surplus lines market must be unavailable from or limited by an authorized insurer.
(h) "Eligible surplus lines insurer" means an unauthorized insurer that is eligible to issue surplus lines insurance under 33-2-307 .
(i) "Exempt commercial purchaser" has the meaning provided in 33-2-318 .
(j) "Export" means to place surplus lines insurance with an unauthorized insurer.
(k) "Home state" means, with respect to an insured:
(i) the state in which the insured maintains its principal place of business or, in the case of an individual, the individual's principal residence;
(ii) if 100% of the insured risk is located outside the state referred to in subsection (3)(k)(i), the state with the greatest allocated percentage of the insured's taxable premium for that surplus lines insurance contract;
(iii) if more than one insured from an affiliated group are named insureds on a single surplus lines insurance contract, the home state as determined under subsection (3)(k)(i) or (3)(k)(ii) for the member of the affiliated group that has the largest percentage of premium attributed to it under the surplus lines insurance contract; or
(iv) if a group policyholder pays 100% of the premium from its own funds, the home state of the group policyholder as determined under subsection (3)(k)(i) or, if a group policyholder does not pay 100% of the premiums from its own funds, the home state of the group member as determined under subsection (3)(k)(i).
(l) "Independently procured insurance" means surplus lines insurance procured directly by an insured from an eligible surplus lines insurer.
(m) "Multistate risk" means a risk covered by an unauthorized insurer with insured exposures in more than one state.
(n) "Natural disaster multiperil insurance" means any combination of flood, earthquake, and landslide insurance that may be sold as surplus lines insurance.
(o) "Principal place of business" means the state where the insured business maintains its headquarters and where the insured's high-level officers direct, control, and coordinate the business activities of the insured.
(p) "Principal residence" means the state where an individual insured resides for the greatest number of days during a calendar year or, if the insured's principal residence is located outside of any state, the state to which the greatest percentage of the insured's taxable premium for that insurance contract is located.
(q) "Producing insurance producer" means a Montana-licensed property and casualty insurance producer dealing directly with a person seeking insurance.
(r) "Qualified risk manager" has the meaning provided in 33-2-319 .
(s) "Single-state risk" means a risk covered by an unauthorized insurer with exposures in only one state.
(t) "State" means any state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands, and American Samoa.
(u) (i) "Surplus lines insurance" means any property, casualty, or inland marine insurance permitted in a state to be placed directly or through a surplus lines insurance producer with an unauthorized insurer eligible to accept the insurance. The term includes independently procured insurance.
(ii) The term does not include the kinds of insurance exempted under 33-2-317 .
(v) "Surplus lines insurance producer" means an individual or business entity licensed under 33-2-305 to place surplus lines insurance on risks resident, located, or to be performed in this state with unauthorized insurers eligible to accept the insurance.
(w) "Unauthorized insurer" means, with respect to a state, an insurer not authorized to transact the business of insurance in the state. The term includes an insurance exchange authorized under the laws of another state. The term does not include a risk retention group, as that term is defined in the Liability Risk Retention Act of 1986, 15 U.S.C. 3901(a)(4).

Legislative History

En. Sec. 184, Ch. 286, L. 1959; R.C.M. 1947, 40-3409; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 537, L. 1987; (3) En. Sec. 2, Ch. 537, L. 1987; amd. Secs. 1, 2, Ch. 713, L. 1989; amd. Sec. 8, Ch. 379, L. 1995; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 271, L. 2009; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 313, L. 2009; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 350, L. 2011; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 50, L. 2015; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 48, L. 2019; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 410, L. 2019; amd. Sec. 10, Ch. 8, L. 2025.