California § 423.1. 423.1. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 191, Sec. 5.)

California Statutes

§ 423.1. — 423.1. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 191, Sec. 5.)

California § 423.1.

Code PENPenal Code - PEN

Title11.7.

Part 1.TITLE 11.7. CALIFORNIA FREEDOM OF ACCESS TO CLINIC AND CHURCH ENTRANCES ACT

This text of California § 423.1. (423.1. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 191, Sec. 5.)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering California primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook

Cal. Penal Code - PEN Code § 423.1. (2026).

Text

The following definitions apply for the purposes of this title:

(a)“Crime of violence” means an offense that has as an element the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the person or property of another.

(b)“Interfere with” means to restrict a person’s freedom of movement.

(c)“Intimidate” means to place a person in reasonable apprehension of bodily harm to themselves or to another.

(d)“Nonviolent” means conduct that would not constitute a crime of violence.

(e)“Physical obstruction” means rendering ingress to or egress from a reproductive health services facility or to or from a place of religious worship impassable to another person, or rendering passage to or from a reproductive health services facility or a place of religious worship unreasonably difficult

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The following definitions apply for the purposes of this title:
(a)
“Crime of violence” means an offense that has as an element the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the person or property of another.
(b)
“Interfere with” means to restrict a person’s freedom of movement.
(c)
“Intimidate” means to place a person in reasonable apprehension of bodily harm to themselves or to another.
(d)
“Nonviolent” means conduct that would not constitute a crime of violence.
(e)
“Physical obstruction” means rendering ingress to or egress from a reproductive health services facility or to or from a place of religious worship impassable to another person, or rendering passage to or from a reproductive health services facility or a place of religious worship unreasonably difficult or hazardous to another person.
(f)
“Reproductive health services” means reproductive health services provided in a hospital, clinic, physician’s office, or other facility and includes medical, surgical, counseling, or referral services relating to the human reproductive system, including services relating to pregnancy or the termination of a pregnancy.
(g)
“Reproductive health services patient, provider, or assistant” means a person or entity, including, but not limited to, employees, staff, volunteers, and third-party vendors, that is or was involved in
obtaining, seeking to obtain, providing, seeking to provide, or assisting or seeking to assist another person, at that other person’s request, to obtain or provide services in a reproductive health services facility, or a person or entity that is or was involved in owning or operating or seeking to own or operate, a reproductive health services facility.
(h)
“Reproductive health services facility” includes a hospital, clinic, physician’s office, or other facility that provides or seeks to provide reproductive health services and includes the building or structure in which the facility is located.