(a)The process by which the attendance of a witness before a court or magistrate is required is a subpoena. It may be signed and issued by any of the following:
(1)A magistrate before whom a complaint is laid or their clerk, the district attorney or their investigator, or the public defender or their investigator, for witnesses in the state.
(2)The district attorney, their investigator, or, upon request of the grand jury, any judge of the superior court, for witnesses in the state, in support of an indictment or information, to appear before the court in which it is to be tried.
(3)The district attorney or their investigator, the
public defender or their investigator, or the clerk of the court in which a criminal action is to be tried. The clerk shall, at any time, upon applicati
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(a)
The process by which the attendance of a witness before a court or magistrate is required is a subpoena. It may be signed and issued by any of the following:
(1)
A magistrate before whom a complaint is laid or their clerk, the district attorney or their investigator, or the public defender or their investigator, for witnesses in the state.
(2)
The district attorney, their investigator, or, upon request of the grand jury, any judge of the superior court, for witnesses in the state, in support of an indictment or information, to appear before the court in which it is to be tried.
(3)
The district attorney or their investigator, the
public defender or their investigator, or the clerk of the court in which a criminal action is to be tried. The clerk shall, at any time, upon application of the defendant, and without charge, issue as many blank subpoenas, subscribed by them, for witnesses in the state, as the defendant may require.
(4)
The attorney of record for the defendant.
(b)
A subpoena issued in a criminal action that commands the custodian of records or other qualified witness of a business to produce books, papers, documents, or records shall direct that those items be delivered by the custodian or qualified witness in the manner specified in subdivision (b) of Section 1560 of the Evidence Code. Subdivision (e) of Section 1560 of the Evidence Code shall not apply to criminal cases.
(c)
(1)
Notwithstanding subdivision
(b), a provider of health care, health care service plan, or contractor shall not release medical information related to an individual seeking or obtaining gender-affirming health care or gender-affirming mental health care or a person or entity allowing a child to receive gender-affirming health care or gender-affirming mental health care in response to any foreign subpoena that is based on a violation of another state’s laws authorizing a criminal action that interferes with an individual’s rights to seek or obtain gender-affirming health care or gender-affirming mental health care or against a person or entity that allows a child to receive gender-affirming health care or gender-affirming mental health care.
(2)
For the purpose of this subdivision, “gender-affirming health care” and “gender-affirming mental health care” shall have the same meanings as provided in Section 16010.2 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.
(d)
Notwithstanding subdivision (b), a provider of health care, health care service plan, or contractor shall not release medical information related to sensitive services in response to any foreign subpoena that is based on a violation of another state’s laws authorizing a criminal action against a person or entity for the provision or receipt of legally protected health care activity, as defined in Section 1798.300 of the Civil Code. For purposes of this subdivision, “sensitive services” has the same meaning as defined in Section 791.02 of the Insurance Code.
(e)
In a criminal action, no party, or attorney or representative of a party, may issue a subpoena commanding the custodian of records or other qualified witness of a business to provide books, papers, documents, or records, or copies thereof, relating to a person or entity other than the subpoenaed person or entity in any
manner other than that specified in subdivision (b) of Section 1560 of the Evidence Code. When a defendant has issued a subpoena to a person or entity that is not a party for the production of books, papers, documents, or records, or copies thereof, the court may order an in camera hearing to determine whether or not the defense is entitled to receive the documents. The court may not order the documents disclosed to the prosecution except as required by Section 1054.3.
(f)
This section shall not be construed to prohibit obtaining books, papers, documents, or records with the consent of the person to whom the books, papers, documents, or records relate.