California § 45a. 45a. (Added by Stats. 1945, Ch. 1489.)

California Statutes

§ 45a. — 45a. (Added by Stats. 1945, Ch. 1489.)

California § 45a.

Code CIVCivil Code - CIV

Div. 1.DIVISION 1. PERSONS

Part 2.PART 2. PERSONAL RIGHTS

This text of California § 45a. (45a. (Added by Stats. 1945, Ch. 1489.)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering California primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

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Cal. Civil Code - CIV Code § 45a. (2026).

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A libel which is defamatory of the plaintiff without the necessity of explanatory matter, such as an inducement, innuendo or other extrinsic fact, is said to be a libel on its face. Defamatory language not libelous on its face is not actionable unless the plaintiff alleges and proves that he has suffered special damage as a proximate result thereof. Special damage is defined in Section 48a of this code.

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A libel which is defamatory of the plaintiff without the necessity of explanatory matter, such as an inducement, innuendo or other extrinsic fact, is said to be a libel on its face. Defamatory language not libelous on its face is not actionable unless the plaintiff alleges and proves that he has suffered special damage as a proximate result thereof. Special damage is defined in Section 48a of this code.

Legislative History

Added by Stats. 1945, Ch. 1489.

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California § 45a., Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/statute/ca/CIV/45a..

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