Zelnick v. Morristown-Beard School

137 A.3d 560, 445 N.J. Super. 250, 2015 N.J. Super. LEXIS 222
CourtNew Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division
DecidedDecember 22, 2015
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 137 A.3d 560 (Zelnick v. Morristown-Beard School) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Zelnick v. Morristown-Beard School, 137 A.3d 560, 445 N.J. Super. 250, 2015 N.J. Super. LEXIS 222 (N.J. Ct. App. 2015).

Opinion

VENA, THOMAS R., J.S.C.

I. STATEMENT OF FACTS

This matter comes before the court on defendants’ motion for summary judgment. The principal defendant in this action, Mor-ristown-Beard School (“MBS”), is a private educational institution for students in grades six through twelve. The other defendants are MBS’s employees. Plaintiffs’ claims arise out of an alleged inappropriate sexual relationship that occurred between plaintiffs’ daughter, Sharon Zelnick (“Sharon”), and defaulting defendant Edward Sherman (“Sherman”), a former teacher at MBS. At all times relevant, Sharon was a student at MBS and was a minor. Sharon is now an adult who moved to Israel in 2012, where she currently resides. Sharon is not a party to this litigation, has not been deposed, and has not returned to New Jersey since she left in 2012.

The court reviews the facts underlying this matter, as it must, in a light most favorable to the Zelnicks. Brill v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am., 142 N.J. 520, 540, 666 A.2d 146 (1995). For this reason, for the purposes of this motion the court presumes the alleged relationship between Sherman and Sharon to have actually occurred as plaintiffs allege despite the motion record’s indicating some dispute as to the nature and scope of the relationship. Since the court accepts as true that Sherman and Sharon had an [257]*257inappropriate sexual relationship while Sharon was both a minor and Sherman’s student, the precise details of Sharon and Sherman’s relationship, described in great detail throughout the parties’ briefs and exhibits, are largely irrelevant to disposition of defendants’ motion. Therefore, the court will only discuss those details to the degree necessary to the analysis of the various portions of defendants’ motion instead of restating them in full.

Sharon was educated at MBS from sixth grade through twelfth grade. She graduated from MBS in June 2012. In May 2010, an MBS employee reported to MBS that he had witnessed Sherman “in a tight embrace” with a female student and that he had witnessed Sherman engage in similar, potentially inappropriate, behavior with female students before. MBS did not report that incident to the Division of Child Protection and Permanency (“DCPP”). In March 2011, Sharon went on a school trip to Greece and Turkey. Sherman was one of the chaperones along with several others, at least two of whom were female. Plaintiffs did not join Sharon on the trip. While in Greece, Sharon feigned an illness, but shortly after suffered from a real illness. MBS policy required same-sex chaperones supervise ill students. Nevertheless, Sherman, in violation of internal MBS policy, stayed with Sharon in Greece while she recuperated. Plaintiffs consented to Sherman’s staying with Sharon, but Sherman at least initially failed to notify MBS of the situation. When Sherman was eventually disciplined for his failure to abide by MBS policy in Greece, plaintiffs e-mailed MBS to note their approval of Sherman’s handling of the situation and to request leniency for Sherman. The court accepts as true that plaintiffs did not know the extent of Sherman and Sharon’s relationship at the time they sent the e-mail to MBS approving of Sherman’s supervising Sharon while she was ill.

After the trip to Greece, there were significant rumors circulating within the MBS community regarding Sherman and Sharon’s relationship. Shortly after their return from Greece, MBS was advised by multiple families that Sherman and Sharon had inap[258]*258propriate contact during the Greece trip. For the purposes of this motion, the court presumes the inappropriate sexual contact between Sherman and Sharon that was alleged to have occurred in Greece to be true. MBS did not contact DCPP following these allegations. In December 2011, MBS received an anonymous tip via e-mail that Sherman was engaged in an inappropriate relationship with a female student. MBS did not contact DCPP following this anonymous tip either. In January 2012, defendant Peter Caldwell received a call from an MBS parent who was concerned about the rumored relationship between Sharon and Sherman. MBS did not contact DCPP in response to that phone call. DCPP eventually got involved, as did the Morris County Prosecutor. In the course of the prosecutor’s investigation, Sherman fled to Israel.

While Sharon was still enrolled at MBS during her senior year, she did not physically attend school, in part due to Sharon’s psychologist diagnosing her with post-traumatic stress disorder and in part due to rumors circulating regarding Sharon’s relationship with Sherman. MBS did not permit Sharon to attend graduation exercises, but she did receive a diploma from MBS in June 2012. Following her graduation, Sharon moved to Israel and has not returned to New Jersey since.

The surviving counts of plaintiffs’ complaint are: (i) breach of contract, (ii) gross negligence, (iii) negligent infliction of emotional distress, and (iv) fraud. Defendants assert plaintiffs’ gross negligence and fraud counts must be dismissed because only Sharon has standing to assert those claims. Even if plaintiffs did have standing, defendants argue plaintiffs have failed to introduce sufficient evidence to create a genuine issue of material fact for trial. With respect to plaintiffs’ count for breach of contract, defendants argue there is no genuine issue of material fact to justify a trial and because plaintiffs are improperly trying to assert a cause of action for contract, when the claim actually sounds in tort. With respect to plaintiffs’ count for negligent infliction of emotional distress, defendants argue that count should [259]*259be dismissed because plaintiffs have failed to introduce sufficient evidence to satisfy the requisite elements of that tort.

Plaintiffs argue they have standing to assert all claims because they are seeking redress for damages they suffered directly, not damages derivative of those suffered by Sharon. With respect to their breach of contract claim, plaintiffs argue there are genuine issues of material fact with respect to the terms of that contract and with respect to whether defendants breached a covenant to provide Sharon with a safe environment by allowing her to be sexually abused by a teacher. With respect to their negligent infliction of emotional distress, gross negligence, and fraud claims, plaintiffs argue that there are genuine issues of material fact with respect to all that preclude the grant of summary judgment.

II. ANALYSIS

A. Standard for Summary Judgment

Summary judgment is appropriate when the movant demonstrates that “there is no genuine issue as to any material fact challenged and that the moving party is entitled to judgment ... as a matter of law.” R. 4:46-2(c). A genuine issue of material fact exists when the evidence presented on motion, “when viewed in the light most favorable to the non-moving party, [is] sufficient to permit a rational factfinder to resolve the alleged disputed issue in favor of the non-moving party.” Brill, supra, 142 N.J. at 540, 666 A.2d 146. The court is compelled to accept the non-movant’s version of the facts as true and give the non-movant “the benefit of all inferences that those facts support.” Baird v. Am. Med. Optics, 155 N.J. 54, 58, 713 A.2d 1019 (1998) (citing Brill, supra, 142 N.J. at 520, 666 A.2d 146; Judson v. Peoples Bank & Trust Co., 17 N.J.

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137 A.3d 560, 445 N.J. Super. 250, 2015 N.J. Super. LEXIS 222, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/zelnick-v-morristown-beard-school-njsuperctappdiv-2015.