Young Sik Woo v. Glantz

99 F.R.D. 651, 1983 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12129
CourtDistrict Court, D. Rhode Island
DecidedNovember 1, 1983
DocketCiv. A. No. 83-0165-S
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 99 F.R.D. 651 (Young Sik Woo v. Glantz) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. Rhode Island primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Young Sik Woo v. Glantz, 99 F.R.D. 651, 1983 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12129 (D.R.I. 1983).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

SELYA, District Judge.

This matter is before the court on the plaintiffs’ motion for summary judgment, as against defendant Ronald H. Glantz (“Glantz”), brought pursuant to Fed.R. Civ.P. 56. The plaintiffs have.filed, inter alia, the statement of material facts required by Local Rule 12.1(a)(1). Glantz has objected, but has filed no counter-statement of material facts, nor has he rebutted in kind the affidavits and kindred materials proffered by the movants. Instead, he argues that invocation of his constitutional privilege against self-inculpation, asserted during pre-trial discovery, insulates him against the plaintiffs’ Rule 56 thrust.1

The court notes, as a threshold matter, that no motion to stay the proceedings, or for a protective order, has been made. Similarly, Glantz has not seen fit to file a Rule 56(f) affidavit. Finally, while his objection insinuates that the averments upon which the pending motion is bottomed may be less than Holy Writ, he nowhere articulates any particularized challenge.2

[652]*652The yardstick by which a motion for brevis disposition is to be measured is so familiar as not to warrant extensive citation of authority. A single excerpt from this court’s decision in Gonsalves v. Alpine Country Club, 563 F.Supp. 1283, 1285 (D.R.I.1983) should suffice to set the stage:

It is well settled that summary judgment can be granted only where there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and where the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Emery v. Merrimack Valley Wood Products, Inc., 701 F.2d 985, 986 (1st Cir.1983); Hahn v. Sargent, 523 F.2d 461, 464 (1st Cir.1957), cert. denied, 425 U.S. 904, 96 S.Ct. 1495, 47 L.Ed.2d 754 (1976); United Nuclear Corp. v. Cannon, 553 F.Supp. 1220, 1226 (D.R.I.1982); Milene Music, Inc. v. Gotauco, 551 F.Supp. 1288, 1292 (D.R.I.1982). In determining whether these conditions have been met, the Court must view the record in the light most favorable to the party opposing the motion, Emery v. Merrimack Valley Wood Products, Inc., 701 F.2d at 986; John Sanderson & Co. (WOOL) Pty. Ltd. v. Ludlow Jute Co., 569 F.2d 696, 698 (1st Cir.1978), indulging all inferences favorable to that party. Santoni v. Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., 677 F.2d 174, 177 (1st Cir.1982); O’Neill v. Dell Publishing Co., 630 F.2d 685, 686 (1st Cir.1980).

This standard appears to have been met here, unless the defendant’s reliance upon constitutional privilege dictates a contrary result.

The rights conferred by the Fifth Amendment to the Constitution are precious and should not lightly be eroded.' The Supreme Court has made it abundantly clear that the protection against self-incrimination so conferred safeguards the right of a litigant to keep his own counsel unless and until he elects to speak, and that such a person should suffer no penalty in consequence thereof. Spevack v. Klein, 385 U.S. 511, 515, 87 S.Ct. 625, 628, 17 L.Ed.2d 574 (1967). “In this context, ‘penalty’ is not restricted to fine or imprisonment. It means ... the imposition of any sanction which makes assertion of the Fifth Amendment privilege costly.” Id. (citations omitted). Accord Campbell v. Gerrans, 592 F.2d 1054, 1057-58 (9th Cir.1979). Yet, the cases cited by Glantz involve, without exception, attempts to impose sanctions under Fed.R. Civ.P. 37 for failure to make discovery. E.g., Wehling v. Columbia Broadcasting System, 608 F.2d 1084 (5th Cir.1979), rehearing denied, 611 F.2d 1026 (1980). Summary judgment is not, however, a specie of discovery. Rather, it is intended to promote the prompt disposition of cases and to avoid unnecessary trials, Hoffman v. Babbitt Bros. Trading Co., 203 F.2d 636, 637 n. 1 (9th Cir.1953); and the case at bar involves not a choice among sanctions in order to effectuate procedural regularity, but a disposition on the merits. Sanctions, being discretionary with the court, can be withheld at its pleasure, Societe Internationale v. Rogers, 357 U.S. 197; 208, 78 S.Ct. 1087, 1093, 2 L.Ed.2d 1255 (1958), and should be so withheld where good cause is shown. The entry of judgment on the merits under Rule 56 is, quintessential^, of a much different genre; a party is entitled to summary judgment, or not. And, even the Wehling court acknowledged that, while dismissal is ordinarily unavailable as a sanction, it can be employed as a remedy. Wehling, 608 F.2d at 1087 n. 6.

This distinction looms larger in view, of the Supreme Court’s pronouncement that

. . . [T]he Fifth Amendment does not forbid adverse inferences against parties to civil actions when they refuse to testify in response to probative evidence offered against them: The Amendment “does not preclude the inference where the privilege is claimed by a party to a civil action.”

Baxter v. Palmigiano, 425 U.S. 308, 318, 96 S.Ct. 1551, 1557, 47 L.Ed.2d 810 (1976) (quoting 8 Wigmore, Evidence, McNaughton Ed.1961, at 439). Accord Campbell v. [653]*653Gerrans, 592 F.2d at 1058; Hughes Tool Co. v. Meier, 489 F.Supp. 354, 373-75 (D.Utah 1977).3

If such an inference can be drawn at trial, there is no substantial reason to forbid it in the paper trial contemplated by Rule 56. Indeed, even the defendant’s own authorities seem to comport with this conclusion. Thus, the Fifth Circuit, on petition for rehearing in Wehling, observed:

Nothing in our opinion precludes CBS from abandoning its questions to Wehling and proceeding to an early trial without full discovery. Although Wehling could continue to assert his Fifth Amendment rights at trial, it is clear that his invocation of the privilege would be subject to the drawing of an adverse inference by the trier of fact.

611 F.2d at 1027 (citation omitted). And, while Glantz in his brief cites language from 8 C. Wright and A. Miller,

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99 F.R.D. 651, 1983 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12129, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/young-sik-woo-v-glantz-rid-1983.