Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be Apr 30 2014, 10:13 am regarded as precedent or cited before any court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:
DONALD R. SHULER GREGORY F. ZOELLER Barkes, Kolbus, Rife & Shuler, LLP Attorney General of Indiana Goshen, Indiana RICHARD C. WEBSTER Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
YOSEF M. HAJAJI, ) ) Appellant-Defendant, ) ) vs. ) No. 43A03-1310-CR-407 ) STATE OF INDIANA, ) ) Appellee-Plaintiff. )
APPEAL FROM THE KOSCIUSKO SUPERIOR COURT The Honorable Joe V. Sutton, Judge Cause No. 43D03-1212-FD-782
April 30, 2014
MEMORANDUM DECISION – NOT FOR PUBLICATION
SULLIVAN, Senior Judge STATEMENT OF THE CASE
Yosef M. Hajaji was convicted of Class D felony domestic battery and sentenced
to three years, with one year executed and two years suspended to probation. He now
contends his sentence is inappropriate. We disagree and affirm his sentence.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
On December 5, 2012, Hajaji was in the living room of his Kosciusko County
home with his then-wife L.A., their six-year-old son D.H., and L.A.’s eleven-year-old son
A.A. L.A. was helping D.H. with his spelling homework. Hajaji attempted to initiate
sexual relations with L.A., but she rejected his advances. Hajaji became angry, grabbed
L.A., dragged her across the floor, and tried to push her down the stairs. He then dragged
L.A. by her ankles into the bedroom. The bedroom was next to the living room, and the
boys could still hear the attack and see part of what occurred. They heard Hajaji
slamming L.A. around the bedroom. Both boys were scared, and D.H. reported that he
thought their mother would die. The boys saw Hajaji rip off L.A.’s clothes, including her
bra and underwear. Hajaji then tried to push L.A. out the back door of the home. At
some point during the attack, the boys managed to get their mother some clothing, and
she then ran across the street for help.
The State charged Hajaji with Class D felony domestic battery with a child under
sixteen present, Class A misdemeanor domestic battery, and Class D felony intimidation.
Hajaji pleaded guilty to Class D felony domestic battery. Although there was no written
plea agreement, there appears to have been an oral agreement in which the State agreed to
dismiss the remaining counts in exchange for his plea. See Tr. pp. 3, 122.
2 At Hajaji’s sentencing hearing, the State read into the record a statement from
L.A. about the impact of the crime on her, A.A., and D.H.; presented evidence of a
Department of Child Services investigation into allegations of child abuse and neglect
stemming from the crime; and asked the trial court to take judicial notice of L.A.’s
restitution affidavit. Hajaji called L.A. to the witness stand to examine her regarding her
restitution request.
The trial court found as mitigators Hajaji’s guilty plea, lack of criminal history,
and that incarceration would be a hardship to his dependents. As aggravators, the court
identified his lack of remorse and that a suspended sentence would diminish the
seriousness of the crime. The court noted that balancing the factors was close but
ultimately decided the mitigators outweighed the aggravators. It sentenced Hajaji to
three years in the Kosciusko County Jail, with one year executed and two years
suspended to probation, adding: “And if you lose your job[,] you lose your job. That’s
the consequence of your choice to drag your wife through the house, strip her naked,
throw her around against the walls, off the bed, drag her back up [in] front of your
children and yell at her, I mean six (6) months in jail seems like a drop in the bucket.” Id.
at 117. Hajaji was also ordered to pay restitution and to have no contact with L.A. for the
period of his sentence. Hajaji now appeals.
DISCUSSION AND DECISION
Hajaji challenges his sentence. He does not argue the trial court abused its
discretion in its finding of mitigators and aggravators. Instead, he claims his sentence is
inappropriate and asks us to independently review and revise it.
3 Although a trial court may have acted within its lawful discretion in imposing a
sentence, Article 7, Sections 4 and 6 of the Indiana Constitution authorize independent
appellate review and revision of a sentence through Indiana Appellate Rule 7(B), which
provides that a court “may revise a sentence authorized by statute if, after due
consideration of the trial court’s decision, the Court finds that the sentence is
inappropriate in light of the nature of the offense and the character of the offender.” Reid
v. State, 876 N.E.2d 1114, 1116 (Ind. 2007) (citing Anglemyer v. State, 868 N.E.2d 482,
491 (Ind. 2007), clarified on reh’g, 875 N.E.2d 218 (2007)). The defendant has the
burden of persuading us that his sentence is inappropriate. Id.
We first look to the statutory range established for the class of the offense. Hajaji
was convicted of a Class D felony. The statutory range for a Class D felony is between
six months and three years, with the advisory sentence being one and a half years. Ind.
Code § 35-50-2-7(a) (2012). Hajaji was sentenced to three years in the Kosciusko
County Jail, with one year executed and two years suspended to probation.
We next look to the nature of the offense and Hajaji’s character. Hajaji
characterizes the nature of the offense as “mundane.” Appellant’s Br. p. 6. We disagree.
Hajaji beat up his wife because she rejected his sexual advances. He grabbed her, tried to
shove her down the stairs, dragged her by the ankles into the bedroom, slammed her body
against walls and furniture, ripped her clothes off, and tried to push her out of the house.
Eleven-year-old A.A. and six-year-old D.H. saw and heard the attack. The boys were
scared, and D.H. thought their mother was going to die. The incident was particularly
humiliating as L.A.’s young boys saw her naked and treated as nothing more than a piece
4 of property. The nature of the offense was far from mundane and alone justifies the
sentence imposed by the trial court.
As to Hajaji’s character, we acknowledge that the presentence investigation report
reveals no prior criminal history. Nevertheless, his poor character is shown by his sheer
lack of remorse and inability to fully accept responsibility for his behavior. As noted in
the presentence investigation report, Hajaji’s version of the offense, in its entirety, was:
“My wife and I were arguing. I did not want the children to hear, so I grabbed her arm to
take her somewhere where the children would not hear us argue.” Appellant’s App. p.
98. Quite apart from this purported benevolent intention to protect the children, the
evidence at the sentencing hearing showed he brutalized his wife in their presence,
exposing them to a volatile domestic situation.
His poor character is also brought into question by his apparent violation of a
protective order issued after the battery occurred. Specifically, Hajaji was charged with
Class A misdemeanor invasion of privacy for giving L.A.
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Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be Apr 30 2014, 10:13 am regarded as precedent or cited before any court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:
DONALD R. SHULER GREGORY F. ZOELLER Barkes, Kolbus, Rife & Shuler, LLP Attorney General of Indiana Goshen, Indiana RICHARD C. WEBSTER Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
YOSEF M. HAJAJI, ) ) Appellant-Defendant, ) ) vs. ) No. 43A03-1310-CR-407 ) STATE OF INDIANA, ) ) Appellee-Plaintiff. )
APPEAL FROM THE KOSCIUSKO SUPERIOR COURT The Honorable Joe V. Sutton, Judge Cause No. 43D03-1212-FD-782
April 30, 2014
MEMORANDUM DECISION – NOT FOR PUBLICATION
SULLIVAN, Senior Judge STATEMENT OF THE CASE
Yosef M. Hajaji was convicted of Class D felony domestic battery and sentenced
to three years, with one year executed and two years suspended to probation. He now
contends his sentence is inappropriate. We disagree and affirm his sentence.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
On December 5, 2012, Hajaji was in the living room of his Kosciusko County
home with his then-wife L.A., their six-year-old son D.H., and L.A.’s eleven-year-old son
A.A. L.A. was helping D.H. with his spelling homework. Hajaji attempted to initiate
sexual relations with L.A., but she rejected his advances. Hajaji became angry, grabbed
L.A., dragged her across the floor, and tried to push her down the stairs. He then dragged
L.A. by her ankles into the bedroom. The bedroom was next to the living room, and the
boys could still hear the attack and see part of what occurred. They heard Hajaji
slamming L.A. around the bedroom. Both boys were scared, and D.H. reported that he
thought their mother would die. The boys saw Hajaji rip off L.A.’s clothes, including her
bra and underwear. Hajaji then tried to push L.A. out the back door of the home. At
some point during the attack, the boys managed to get their mother some clothing, and
she then ran across the street for help.
The State charged Hajaji with Class D felony domestic battery with a child under
sixteen present, Class A misdemeanor domestic battery, and Class D felony intimidation.
Hajaji pleaded guilty to Class D felony domestic battery. Although there was no written
plea agreement, there appears to have been an oral agreement in which the State agreed to
dismiss the remaining counts in exchange for his plea. See Tr. pp. 3, 122.
2 At Hajaji’s sentencing hearing, the State read into the record a statement from
L.A. about the impact of the crime on her, A.A., and D.H.; presented evidence of a
Department of Child Services investigation into allegations of child abuse and neglect
stemming from the crime; and asked the trial court to take judicial notice of L.A.’s
restitution affidavit. Hajaji called L.A. to the witness stand to examine her regarding her
restitution request.
The trial court found as mitigators Hajaji’s guilty plea, lack of criminal history,
and that incarceration would be a hardship to his dependents. As aggravators, the court
identified his lack of remorse and that a suspended sentence would diminish the
seriousness of the crime. The court noted that balancing the factors was close but
ultimately decided the mitigators outweighed the aggravators. It sentenced Hajaji to
three years in the Kosciusko County Jail, with one year executed and two years
suspended to probation, adding: “And if you lose your job[,] you lose your job. That’s
the consequence of your choice to drag your wife through the house, strip her naked,
throw her around against the walls, off the bed, drag her back up [in] front of your
children and yell at her, I mean six (6) months in jail seems like a drop in the bucket.” Id.
at 117. Hajaji was also ordered to pay restitution and to have no contact with L.A. for the
period of his sentence. Hajaji now appeals.
DISCUSSION AND DECISION
Hajaji challenges his sentence. He does not argue the trial court abused its
discretion in its finding of mitigators and aggravators. Instead, he claims his sentence is
inappropriate and asks us to independently review and revise it.
3 Although a trial court may have acted within its lawful discretion in imposing a
sentence, Article 7, Sections 4 and 6 of the Indiana Constitution authorize independent
appellate review and revision of a sentence through Indiana Appellate Rule 7(B), which
provides that a court “may revise a sentence authorized by statute if, after due
consideration of the trial court’s decision, the Court finds that the sentence is
inappropriate in light of the nature of the offense and the character of the offender.” Reid
v. State, 876 N.E.2d 1114, 1116 (Ind. 2007) (citing Anglemyer v. State, 868 N.E.2d 482,
491 (Ind. 2007), clarified on reh’g, 875 N.E.2d 218 (2007)). The defendant has the
burden of persuading us that his sentence is inappropriate. Id.
We first look to the statutory range established for the class of the offense. Hajaji
was convicted of a Class D felony. The statutory range for a Class D felony is between
six months and three years, with the advisory sentence being one and a half years. Ind.
Code § 35-50-2-7(a) (2012). Hajaji was sentenced to three years in the Kosciusko
County Jail, with one year executed and two years suspended to probation.
We next look to the nature of the offense and Hajaji’s character. Hajaji
characterizes the nature of the offense as “mundane.” Appellant’s Br. p. 6. We disagree.
Hajaji beat up his wife because she rejected his sexual advances. He grabbed her, tried to
shove her down the stairs, dragged her by the ankles into the bedroom, slammed her body
against walls and furniture, ripped her clothes off, and tried to push her out of the house.
Eleven-year-old A.A. and six-year-old D.H. saw and heard the attack. The boys were
scared, and D.H. thought their mother was going to die. The incident was particularly
humiliating as L.A.’s young boys saw her naked and treated as nothing more than a piece
4 of property. The nature of the offense was far from mundane and alone justifies the
sentence imposed by the trial court.
As to Hajaji’s character, we acknowledge that the presentence investigation report
reveals no prior criminal history. Nevertheless, his poor character is shown by his sheer
lack of remorse and inability to fully accept responsibility for his behavior. As noted in
the presentence investigation report, Hajaji’s version of the offense, in its entirety, was:
“My wife and I were arguing. I did not want the children to hear, so I grabbed her arm to
take her somewhere where the children would not hear us argue.” Appellant’s App. p.
98. Quite apart from this purported benevolent intention to protect the children, the
evidence at the sentencing hearing showed he brutalized his wife in their presence,
exposing them to a volatile domestic situation.
His poor character is also brought into question by his apparent violation of a
protective order issued after the battery occurred. Specifically, Hajaji was charged with
Class A misdemeanor invasion of privacy for giving L.A. a video during a parenting time
exchange in violation of the protective order.1 In the police report, it was alleged that
Hajaji and D.H. were sitting in a truck in a garage for the full twenty-nine minute video,
that D.H. appeared uncomfortable, that Hajaji said he knew he could get in trouble for
communicating with L.A. but that he did not care, and that he also said he would do
“anything” to keep the family together. Id. at 75. The police report reflects that the
reporting officer viewed the video and did not rely solely on L.A.’s allegations. Hajaji’s
1 The invasion of privacy charge was pending at the time of sentencing in this case. 5 seeming violation of the protective order shows disrespect for the authority of the court.
That he would do it while this case was pending shows disdain for the rule of law.
Hajaji nonetheless argues that the fact that he pleaded guilty without a written plea
agreement reflects favorably on his character. The record, however, reveals an apparent
oral agreement in which the State agreed to dismiss the remaining counts in exchange for
his plea. See Tr. pp. 3, 122. Moreover, even if there were no oral agreement, we view
his decision to plead guilty as largely pragmatic—the evidence against him would have
included not only L.A.’s testimony, but the testimony of A.A. and D.H. as well. See
Wells v. State, 836 N.E.2d 475, 479 (Ind. Ct. App. 2005) (“[A] guilty plea does not rise
to the level of significant mitigation where the defendant has received a substantial
benefit from the plea or where the evidence against him is such that the decision to plead
guilty is merely a pragmatic one.”), trans. denied. We acknowledge his guilty plea saved
L.A., A.A., and D.H. from the anxiety of having to testify against him at trial. Still, given
his lack of remorse, his decision to plead guilty appears to have been driven by hopes of
escaping more severe punishment and does not reflect full acceptance of responsibility
for his reprehensible actions.
In short, Hajaji has failed to persuade us that his sentence of one year executed and
two years suspended to probation is inappropriate.
CONCLUSION
We therefore affirm his sentence.
NAJAM, J., and KIRSCH, J., concur.