[Cite as Woodard v. Colaluca, 2014-Ohio-3824.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 101327
TROY D. WOODARD RELATOR
vs.
JUDGE JANET R. COLALUCA, ET AL. RESPONDENTS
JUDGMENT: COMPLAINT DISMISSED
Writ of Prohibition Order No. 477369 Motion No. 475892
RELEASE DATE: September 3, 2014 ATTORNEY FOR RELATOR
Lori A. Zocolo Abel & Zocolo Co., L.P.A. 815 Superior Ave. Suite 1915 Cleveland, OH 44114
ATTORNEYS FOR RESPONDENTS
Timothy J. McGinty Cuyahoga County Prosecutor
By: Charles E. Hannan Assistant County Prosecutor 9th Floor Justice Center 1200 Ontario Street Cleveland, OH 44113 MELODY J. STEWART, J.:
{¶1} On April 30, 2014, the relator, Troy Woodard, commenced this prohibition
action against the respondents, Judge Janet Rath Colaluca and Magistrate Anjanette A.
Whitman, to prevent them from conducting further judicial proceedings related to the
wife’s motion for interim attorney fees in the underlying case, Cherry Carr-Woodard v.
Troy Woodard, Cuyahoga C.P., Domestic Relations Division, No. DR-13-348738. The
relator argues that the respondents exceeded their jurisdiction by awarding interim
attorney fees without following Loc.R. 21 of the domestic relations division, especially by
not holding a hearing, threatening contempt, not allowing a purge, and ordering the
money paid directly to the opposing attorney. On June 17, 2014, the respondents
moved to dismiss. On July 7, 2014, the relator filed his brief in opposition. For the
following reasons, this court grants the respondents’ motion to dismiss.
{¶2} The relator is the defendant in the underlying case, a contentious divorce.
He avers the following: on January 9, 2014, the wife moved for interim attorney fees;
this motion was not supported by affidavits, time sheets, or other evidentiary materials
relating to her attorneys’ experience and qualifications, or the complexity of the case.
Nevertheless, on January 30, 2014, Magistrate Whitman, without holding an evidentiary
hearing, ordered the relator to pay “$30,000 for attorney fees that have been incurred by
the Plaintiff and if any excess funds exist from that amount, they shall be applied to future
legal services * * *.” Furthermore, the order directed the relator to pay these funds
directly to the wife’s attorney. The relator moved to vacate this order, but Judge Colaluca denied the motion the next day. Subsequently, the wife filed a motion to show
cause for failure to pay the attorney fees and also moved to bifurcate the issue of attorney
fees. On April 16, 2014, the court scheduled a May 5, 2014 hearing on the motion to
show cause. The relator further avers that the magistrate limited his time to defend the
show cause motion to 15 minutes. The court also granted the motion to bifurcate despite
the relator’s objection that his attorneys had not been properly served. The relator also
avers that the magistrate improperly threatened him with incarceration for failure to pay
the attorney fees. Relator then commenced this prohibition action.
{¶3} The principles governing prohibition are well established. Its requisites are
(1) the respondent against whom it is sought is about to exercise judicial power, (2) the
exercise of such power is unauthorized by law, and (3) there is no adequate remedy at
law. State ex rel. Largent v. Fisher, 43 Ohio St.3d 160, 540 N.E.2d 239 (1989).
Prohibition will not lie unless it clearly appears that the court has no jurisdiction of the
cause that it is attempting to adjudicate or the court is about to exceed its jurisdiction.
State ex rel. Ellis v. McCabe, 138 Ohio St. 417, 35 N.E.2d 571 (1941), paragraph three of
the syllabus. “The writ will not issue to prevent an erroneous judgment, or to serve the
purpose of appeal, or to correct mistakes of the lower court in deciding questions within
its jurisdiction.” State ex rel. Sparto v. Juvenile Court of Darke Cty., 153 Ohio St. 64,
65, 90 N.E.2d 598 (1950). Furthermore, it should be used with great caution and not
issue in a doubtful case. State ex rel. Merion v. Tuscarawas Cty. Court of Common Pleas, 137 Ohio St. 273, 28 N.E.2d 641 (1940); and Reiss v. Columbus Mun. Court, 76
Ohio Law Abs. 141, 145 N.E.2d 447 (10th Dist.1956).
{¶4} When a court is patently and unambiguously without jurisdiction to act
whatsoever, the availability or adequacy of a remedy is immaterial to the issuance of a
writ of prohibition. State ex rel. Tilford v. Crush, 39 Ohio St.3d 174, 529 N.E.2d 1245
(1988); and State ex rel. Csank v. Jaffe, 107 Ohio App.3d 387, 668 N.E.2d 996 (8th
Dist.1995). However, absent such a patent and unambiguous lack of jurisdiction, a court
having general jurisdiction of the subject matter of an action has authority to determine its
own jurisdiction. A party challenging the court’s jurisdiction has an adequate remedy at
law via an appeal from the court’s holding that it has jurisdiction. State ex rel.
Rootstown Local School Dist. Bd. of Edn. v. Portage Cty. Court of Common Pleas, 78
Ohio St.3d 489, 678 N.E.2d 1365 (1997).
{¶5} The gravamen of the relator’s case is that the respondents exceeded their
authority and jurisdiction when they awarded interim attorney fees without following
Loc.R. 21. Subsection (B) requires that at the final hearing on the motion for attorney
fees, the attorney seeking the fees shall present an itemized statement of the services
provided, testimony regarding the lawyers’ experience and qualifications, testimony as to
the complexity of the case, and evidence of the parties’ respective income and expenses.
Subsection (D) provides that the failure to comply with the rule shall result in the denial
of the request for attorney fees. The relator complains that there was never a hearing
before the award, that the wife’s attorneys did not provide an itemized statement, or evidence of their experience and qualifications or the complexity of the case and that the
relator never had the opportunity to defend properly, including presenting evidence as to
his expenses. Therefore, this attorney fees award was ultra vires and beyond the
court’s jurisdiction.
{¶6} This argument is ill-founded. First, R.C. 3105.011 vests the domestic
relations court with the basic jurisdiction and full equitable powers “appropriate to the
determination of all domestic relation matters.” When a court has basic statutory
jurisdiction to act and appeal is available, the writ of prohibition will not lie. State ex
rel. Lester v. Court of Common Pleas, Div. of Domestic Relations, Butler Cty., 12th Dist.
Butler No. CA91-05-080, 1991 Ohio App. LEXIS 5187 (Oct. 28, 1991); and France v.
Celebrezze, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No.
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[Cite as Woodard v. Colaluca, 2014-Ohio-3824.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 101327
TROY D. WOODARD RELATOR
vs.
JUDGE JANET R. COLALUCA, ET AL. RESPONDENTS
JUDGMENT: COMPLAINT DISMISSED
Writ of Prohibition Order No. 477369 Motion No. 475892
RELEASE DATE: September 3, 2014 ATTORNEY FOR RELATOR
Lori A. Zocolo Abel & Zocolo Co., L.P.A. 815 Superior Ave. Suite 1915 Cleveland, OH 44114
ATTORNEYS FOR RESPONDENTS
Timothy J. McGinty Cuyahoga County Prosecutor
By: Charles E. Hannan Assistant County Prosecutor 9th Floor Justice Center 1200 Ontario Street Cleveland, OH 44113 MELODY J. STEWART, J.:
{¶1} On April 30, 2014, the relator, Troy Woodard, commenced this prohibition
action against the respondents, Judge Janet Rath Colaluca and Magistrate Anjanette A.
Whitman, to prevent them from conducting further judicial proceedings related to the
wife’s motion for interim attorney fees in the underlying case, Cherry Carr-Woodard v.
Troy Woodard, Cuyahoga C.P., Domestic Relations Division, No. DR-13-348738. The
relator argues that the respondents exceeded their jurisdiction by awarding interim
attorney fees without following Loc.R. 21 of the domestic relations division, especially by
not holding a hearing, threatening contempt, not allowing a purge, and ordering the
money paid directly to the opposing attorney. On June 17, 2014, the respondents
moved to dismiss. On July 7, 2014, the relator filed his brief in opposition. For the
following reasons, this court grants the respondents’ motion to dismiss.
{¶2} The relator is the defendant in the underlying case, a contentious divorce.
He avers the following: on January 9, 2014, the wife moved for interim attorney fees;
this motion was not supported by affidavits, time sheets, or other evidentiary materials
relating to her attorneys’ experience and qualifications, or the complexity of the case.
Nevertheless, on January 30, 2014, Magistrate Whitman, without holding an evidentiary
hearing, ordered the relator to pay “$30,000 for attorney fees that have been incurred by
the Plaintiff and if any excess funds exist from that amount, they shall be applied to future
legal services * * *.” Furthermore, the order directed the relator to pay these funds
directly to the wife’s attorney. The relator moved to vacate this order, but Judge Colaluca denied the motion the next day. Subsequently, the wife filed a motion to show
cause for failure to pay the attorney fees and also moved to bifurcate the issue of attorney
fees. On April 16, 2014, the court scheduled a May 5, 2014 hearing on the motion to
show cause. The relator further avers that the magistrate limited his time to defend the
show cause motion to 15 minutes. The court also granted the motion to bifurcate despite
the relator’s objection that his attorneys had not been properly served. The relator also
avers that the magistrate improperly threatened him with incarceration for failure to pay
the attorney fees. Relator then commenced this prohibition action.
{¶3} The principles governing prohibition are well established. Its requisites are
(1) the respondent against whom it is sought is about to exercise judicial power, (2) the
exercise of such power is unauthorized by law, and (3) there is no adequate remedy at
law. State ex rel. Largent v. Fisher, 43 Ohio St.3d 160, 540 N.E.2d 239 (1989).
Prohibition will not lie unless it clearly appears that the court has no jurisdiction of the
cause that it is attempting to adjudicate or the court is about to exceed its jurisdiction.
State ex rel. Ellis v. McCabe, 138 Ohio St. 417, 35 N.E.2d 571 (1941), paragraph three of
the syllabus. “The writ will not issue to prevent an erroneous judgment, or to serve the
purpose of appeal, or to correct mistakes of the lower court in deciding questions within
its jurisdiction.” State ex rel. Sparto v. Juvenile Court of Darke Cty., 153 Ohio St. 64,
65, 90 N.E.2d 598 (1950). Furthermore, it should be used with great caution and not
issue in a doubtful case. State ex rel. Merion v. Tuscarawas Cty. Court of Common Pleas, 137 Ohio St. 273, 28 N.E.2d 641 (1940); and Reiss v. Columbus Mun. Court, 76
Ohio Law Abs. 141, 145 N.E.2d 447 (10th Dist.1956).
{¶4} When a court is patently and unambiguously without jurisdiction to act
whatsoever, the availability or adequacy of a remedy is immaterial to the issuance of a
writ of prohibition. State ex rel. Tilford v. Crush, 39 Ohio St.3d 174, 529 N.E.2d 1245
(1988); and State ex rel. Csank v. Jaffe, 107 Ohio App.3d 387, 668 N.E.2d 996 (8th
Dist.1995). However, absent such a patent and unambiguous lack of jurisdiction, a court
having general jurisdiction of the subject matter of an action has authority to determine its
own jurisdiction. A party challenging the court’s jurisdiction has an adequate remedy at
law via an appeal from the court’s holding that it has jurisdiction. State ex rel.
Rootstown Local School Dist. Bd. of Edn. v. Portage Cty. Court of Common Pleas, 78
Ohio St.3d 489, 678 N.E.2d 1365 (1997).
{¶5} The gravamen of the relator’s case is that the respondents exceeded their
authority and jurisdiction when they awarded interim attorney fees without following
Loc.R. 21. Subsection (B) requires that at the final hearing on the motion for attorney
fees, the attorney seeking the fees shall present an itemized statement of the services
provided, testimony regarding the lawyers’ experience and qualifications, testimony as to
the complexity of the case, and evidence of the parties’ respective income and expenses.
Subsection (D) provides that the failure to comply with the rule shall result in the denial
of the request for attorney fees. The relator complains that there was never a hearing
before the award, that the wife’s attorneys did not provide an itemized statement, or evidence of their experience and qualifications or the complexity of the case and that the
relator never had the opportunity to defend properly, including presenting evidence as to
his expenses. Therefore, this attorney fees award was ultra vires and beyond the
court’s jurisdiction.
{¶6} This argument is ill-founded. First, R.C. 3105.011 vests the domestic
relations court with the basic jurisdiction and full equitable powers “appropriate to the
determination of all domestic relation matters.” When a court has basic statutory
jurisdiction to act and appeal is available, the writ of prohibition will not lie. State ex
rel. Lester v. Court of Common Pleas, Div. of Domestic Relations, Butler Cty., 12th Dist.
Butler No. CA91-05-080, 1991 Ohio App. LEXIS 5187 (Oct. 28, 1991); and France v.
Celebrezze, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 98992, 2012-Ohio-5085.
{¶7} Moreover, Civ.R. 82 provides that the “rules shall not be construed to
extend or limit the jurisdiction of the courts of this state.” As a corollary, the local rules
promulgated, pursuant to Civ.R. 83, could not extend or limit a court’s jurisdiction. In
Cole v. Cent. Ohio Transit Auth., 20 Ohio App.3d 312, 486 N.E.2d 140 (10th Dist.1984),
the appellant argued that the trial court had no jurisdiction to require arbitration because
the local rule prohibited arbitration after a case had been set for trial. The court of
appeals rejected the argument. Referring the case to arbitration was not a jurisdictional
defect, but a procedural error; “local rules of a court pertain to procedure, not
jurisdiction of the court.” Id. {¶8} Similarly, the respondents’ order to pay the attorney fees directly to the
wife’s lawyer, instead of to the wife as explicit spousal support and arguably in
contravention of R.C. 3105.18, may be an error in the exercise of jurisdiction, but not an
act beyond the court’s jurisdiction to determine domestic relations cases. Relator cites
no authority that declares that ordering the payment of attorney fees directly to the
attorney is beyond the court’s jurisdiction.
{¶9} Relator also complains that the magistrate’s reference to possible
incarceration as a penalty for contempt and other judicial acts that show bias against him
deprive the respondents of jurisdiction. However, this court has held that improper,
biased, prejudiced, discourteous, undignified, impatient, and belligerent conduct does not
relate to a patent and unambiguous lack of jurisdiction warranting a writ of prohibition.
State ex rel. Corn v. Russo, 133 Ohio App.3d 5, 726 N.E.2d 1052 (8th Dist.1999), rev’d
on other grounds, 90 Ohio St.3d 551, 740 N.E.2d 265 (2001).
{¶10} To the extent that relator argues that prohibition should lie because the
respondents abused their discretion in how they awarded attorney fees, threatened
incarceration, failed to offer the opportunity to purge contempt, and limited the time to
present argument and evidence, prohibition does not lie to remedy abuses of discretion.
State ex rel. Eaton Corp. v. Lancaster, 40 Ohio St.3d 404, 534 N.E.2d 46 (1988).
{¶11} Accordingly, this court grants the respondents’ motion to dismiss. Relator
to pay costs. This court directs the clerk of courts to serve all parties notice of this
judgment and its date of entry upon the journal as required by Civ.R. 58(B). {¶12} Writ dismissed.
__________________________________________ MELODY J. STEWART, JUDGE
EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, P.J., and EILEEN T. GALLAGHER, J., CONCUR