Wolfe v. Stover

548 A.2d 628, 378 Pa. Super. 313, 1988 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2965
CourtSuperior Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedOctober 7, 1988
DocketNo. 00035
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 548 A.2d 628 (Wolfe v. Stover) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Wolfe v. Stover, 548 A.2d 628, 378 Pa. Super. 313, 1988 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2965 (Pa. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinion

TAMILIA, Judge:

This is an appeal by defendant Michael Stover from a December 21, 1987 Order awarding delay damages, pursuant to Pa.R.C.P. 238, to appellee Daniel K. Wolfe in a personal injury action.

On June 7, 1985, appellee commenced this action for injuries he received in a one car accident on November 10, 1984 while a passenger in a vehicle driven by appellant. A two day non-jury trial was held on October 13, 1987. By Order dated October 27, 1987, the trial judge found for the plaintiff in the amount of $3,600. The trial court’s decision was filed in the prothonotary’s office on October 28, 1987 and entered on the prothonotary’s docket on Thursday, October 29, 1987. However, the docket does not indicate that notice of the Order was given to appellee as required [315]*315by Pa.R.C.P. 236. On November 4, 1987, appellee presented a petition for award of delay damages to the trial court. Appellant filed an answer to the petition and a motion to quash on November 12, 1987. Subsequently, appellee presented a supplemental petition for delay damages which appellant answered. On December 21, 1987, the trial court denied appellant’s motion to quash and awarded delay damages in the amount of $420, resulting in a total judgment of $4,020, plus court costs. This timely appeal followed.

Appellant’s sole claim on appeal is that appellee’s petition for delay damages under Pa.R.C.P. 238 was untimely because it was presented more than five (5) days after the trial court’s judgment in favor of appellee.

Rule 238 allows for the calculation of delay damages in any action seeking relief for bodily injury, death, or property damage. An award of delay damages acts to compensate the plaintiff for the time elapsed from the filing of the case until the verdict if the defendant fails to offer an adequate settlement.1 The purpose of the rule is to provide [316]*316a sanction against a defendant who delays the commencement of trial. Laudenberger v. Port Authority, 496 Pa. 52, 436 A.2d 147 (1981). However, in 1986, the Supreme Court suspended certain provisions of Rule 238 because it found that the award of delay damages to a winning plaintiff without a finding of fault denied due process to the losing defendant. Craig v. Magee Memorial Rehabilitation Center, 512 Pa. 60, 65, 515 A.2d 1350, 1355 (1986). In Craig, the Court established a new procedure for assessing delay damages as follows:

[C]laims for delay damages are to be presented by petition within five days of a jury verdict or arbitration award. Within five days thereafter the respondent’s answer shall be due. If the plaintiff’s recovery resulted from a jury verdict, the judge who presided over the trial is to consider the petition and answer. Prior to reaching a decision, the judge may hold a hearing to resolve any factual disputes. If the plaintiff’s recovery resulted from an arbitration proceeding, the parties’ petition and answer shall be submitted to the next available arbitration panel, and a hearing shall be conducted to resolve any factual disputes. Thereafter a decision shall be rendered, awarding or denying delay damages consistent with Pa.R.Civ.P. 238(a)(1).
In making a decision on a plaintiff’s entitlement to delay damages the mere length of time between the starting date and the verdict is not to be the sole criterion. The fact finder shall consider: the parties’ respective responsibilities in requesting continuances, the parties’ compliance with rules of discovery; the respective responsibilities for delay necessitated by the joinder of additional parties; and other pertinent factors.

Id., 512 Pa. at 65, 515 A.2d at 1353 (emphasis added; footnote omitted). The Court specified this new procedure would be given prospective application from the date of its opinion in Craig, until such time that a new rule on delay [317]*317damages can be promulgated by the Civil Procedural Rules Committee.

We are presented with the problem of applying the mechanical aspect, i.e. the five-day period, of the procedure set forth in Craig to a non-jury trial decision. The Supreme Court’s language in Craig discusses application of the new procedure for delay damages in terms of a jury case or an arbitration proceeding without addressing a non-jury trial situation. Craig itself was a jury trial case. However, in suspending provisions of Rule 238 the Craig Court stated the suspension was effective “for all cases now pending in the courts of this Commonwealth, and for any cases instituted hereafter,” Id., 512 Pa. at 65, 515 A.2d at 1353 (emphasis added), indicating the new procedure promulgated in Craig applies to all types of cases, including non-jury.

Craig requires a Rule 238 petition for delay damages be presented within five days of a jury verdict or arbitration award. Such decisions are invariably rendered on the last day of the proceedings before the jury or the board of arbitration, making the date of the decision readily known to the parties. With this in mind, calculation of the five-day period for presenting a petition for delay damages is relatively routine. As provided in 1 Pa.C.S. § 1910 and Pa.R. C.P. 106, any period of time shall be computed to exclude the first and include the last day of the period, and when the last day of any period falls on Saturday, Sunday, or a legal holiday such day shall be omitted from the computation.

In a non-jury trial, a trial judge may render his decision in open court at the end of trial or within seven days after the conclusion of trial, unless the case was protracted or of extraordinary complexity, under which circumstances a longer period may be allowable. Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 1038(c) provides as follows:

(c) the decision may be made orally in open court at the end of the trial, and in that event shall be forthwith transcribed and filed in the office of the prothonotary, or [318]*318it may be made thereafter in writing and filed forthwith. In either event the prothonotary shall notify all parties or their attorneys of the date of filing. The trial judge shall render his decision within seven (7) days after the conclusion of the trial except in protracted cases or cases of extraordinary complexity.

As stated in Rule 1038(c), upon the trial judge’s filing of the decision with the prothonotary, the prothonotary shall notify the parties of the filing date. Likewise, Pa.R.C.P. 236 requires the prothonotary to give written notice by ordinary mail to the parties of the entry of any order or judgment and requires the prothonotary to note the giving of notice on the docket.2

Here, the trial judge’s Order entering judgment in favor of appellee is dated Tuesday, October 27, 1987, filed in the prothonotary’s office on Wednesday, October 28, 1987, and entered on the docket on Thursday, October 29, 1987. Neither the docket nor the record indicates whether notice of the decision was ever sent to' appellee. Appellee claims he received notice of the trial court’s decision on October 29, 1987, the same day it was entered on the prothonotary’s docket. Appellant’s brief does not dispute this claim.

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Bluebook (online)
548 A.2d 628, 378 Pa. Super. 313, 1988 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2965, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/wolfe-v-stover-pasuperct-1988.