Witherwax v. Zurich Insurance Company

315 So. 2d 420
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJune 24, 1975
Docket5014
StatusPublished
Cited by15 cases

This text of 315 So. 2d 420 (Witherwax v. Zurich Insurance Company) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Witherwax v. Zurich Insurance Company, 315 So. 2d 420 (La. Ct. App. 1975).

Opinion

315 So.2d 420 (1975)

Darrell H. WITHERWAX, Plaintiff-Defendant in Reconvention-Appellee,
v.
ZURICH INSURANCE COMPANY et al., Defendants, and
Foremost Insurance Company, Defendant-Plaintiff in Reconvention-Appellant.

No. 5014.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Third Circuit.

June 24, 1975.

*421 Campoy, Stone & Harvey by Eldon T. Harvey, III, New Orleans, for defendant-appellant.

*422 Baggett, Hawsey, McClain & Morgan by Robert E. Morgan, Lake Charles, for plaintiff-appellee.

Brame, Bergstedt & Brame by Joseph A. Brame, Plauche, Smith & Hebert by Reid K. Hebert, Raggio, Farrar, Cappel & Chozen by Richard B. Cappel, Lake Charles, for defendants.

Before CULPEPPER, MILLER and DOMENGEAUX, JJ.

DOMENGEAUX, Judge.

This suit was filed to recover property damages allegedly sustained as a result of the total destruction, by fire, of a mobile home purchased by the plaintiff. The original defendants included Foremost Insurance Company (which issued a mobile homeowner's insurance policy to the plaintiff), Executive Homes of Louisiana, Inc. (manufacturer of the mobile home), Quality Mobile Housing, Inc. of Abbeville (retail dealer of the mobile home), Zurich Insurance Company (the manufacturer's liability insurer), Travelers Insurance Company (the retailer's liability insurer), and Joseph McCormack (insurance agent for Foremost Insurance Company). Prior to trial, all of the defendants, with the exception of Foremost Insurance Company, defendant-appellant herein, were dismissed from the suit.

Following a trial on the merits, judgment was rendered in favor of the plaintiff, against Foremost Insurance Company. From said judgment the defendant insurer has appealed. Plaintiff answered the appeal seeking an increase in the award for attorney's fees.

The facts leading up to this suit are as follows: On July 9, 1973, the plaintiff, Darrel H. Witherwax, purchased a mobile home from Quality Mobile Housing, Inc. of Abbeville. On July 11th the house trailer was picked up from the manufacturer, Executive Homes of Louisiana, Inc., in Opelousas, Louisiana, and transported to Sulphur, Louisiana, where it was placed on plaintiff's property. Two days later the trailer was "checked out" by the seller, and the plaintiff and his family moved in the following morning. Sunday, July 15th, the mobile home was destroyed by a fire, which was later determined to have originated in a faulty electrical receptacle.

At the time of purchase the plaintiff also obtained comprehensive insurance coverage (through the seller, but issued by the defendant-Foremost Insurance Company) on the mobile home. Coverage commenced on the date of the sale, July 9, 1973. The policy, which was subsequently issued to the defendant, contained a "Limits of Liability" clause reading as follows:

"The limit of the Company's liability for loss to the Mobile Home will be the actual cash value of the Mobile Home at time of loss but in no event to exceed the limit as set forth below for the Policy year in which the loss occurs."

The figure $10,575.00 was inserted within a block, titled "First Year", immediately following the limitation clause. A second policy (on a new form) was later issued by Foremost to the plaintiff (after the fire) on November 3, 1973. Said policy indicated that the coverage therein also commenced on July 9, 1973, that it replaced the old policy, and that the comprehensive coverage was for the "actual cash value" of the mobile home.

Both policies included protection for loss of or damage to the Mobile Home caused by "fire or lightning". Both also contained an exclusionary clause which denied coverage for any damage to the mobile home "which is due and confined to wear and tear, freezing, or mechanical or electrical breakdown and failure, unless such damage is the result of other loss covered by this policy."[1]

*423 Subsequent to the destruction of the mobile home plaintiff filed a proof of loss statement on August 20, 1973, seeking the actual cash value of the trailer, i.e. $11,750.00. A check in this amount was later issued by Foremost to the plaintiff on September 11, 1973. Thereafter plaintiff's attorney received notice from Foremost that the insurance company felt that its limits of liability were actually $10,575.00 and that the check issued for $11,750.00 was to be cancelled and another check issued in the lesser sum. On September 17, 1973, plaintiff was issued a second check by Foremost in the sum of $10,575.00, but returned same unendorsed, indicating he would only accept the actual cash value of the trailer. This suit was subsequently filed on October 12, 1973. Defendant subsequently answered plaintiff's suit and filed a third party demand against Executive Homes of Louisiana, Inc. (the mobile home manufacturer), seeking indemnity for any amount which it might be held liable.

Previous to the trial date a preliminary compromise settlement was worked out among the parties (with defendant Foremost to be released for the sum of $3,000.00 plus 1/3 of the court costs). This tentative settlement was dictated into the record on October 25, 1974. As a part of the settlement, however, the plaintiff was to receive from Executive Homes, a new mobile home of the same type that had been destroyed in the fire. Subsequently, however, there arose a dispute over the type and quality of the mobile home, which the manufacturer was to deliver to the plaintiff under the settlement. Executive Homes also filed bankruptcy proceedings (which resulted in a stay order being issued by the trial judge according to the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy, against further continuation of defendant-Foremost's third party action against Executive Homes). The record is clear, however, that a written compromise agreement, although prepared by Foremost's counsel (after the abovementioned in-Court dictation) and tendered to the plaintiff (including a check from Foremost to plaintiff in the sum of $3,000.00) was never completed or signed. Accordingly, the suit against Foremost was reinstated by the plaintiff and the case was refixed for trial.

Foremost subsequently filed a motion for summary judgment alleging it was entitled to have the compromise settlement which had been entered into between the parties enforced. In addition, a reconventional demand was also filed against plaintiff for damages arising from an alleged breach of the compromise agreement.

Following trial, judgment was granted in favor of plaintiff, against the defendant insurer, in the sum of $11,750.00 plus penalties of 25% and $2,250.00 attorney's fees. Defendant's motion for summary judgment and reconventional demand against plaintiff were also denied.

On this appeal the defendant insurer resists payment in the suit for a number of reasons, all of which form the following issues to be decided. (1) Whether the aforementioned exclusionary clause in Foremost's policy is applicable so as to deny plaintiff's claim? (2) Whether Foremost's liability is limited to $10,575.00 or the actual cash value of the mobile home, i.e. the purchase price of $11,750.00? (3) Whether the compromise agreement should have been enforced? (4) Whether Foremost's third party action against the bankrupt mobile home manufacturer, Quality, should have been stayed? (5) Whether penalties and attorney's fees are due and if so, whether they are excessive?

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Bluebook (online)
315 So. 2d 420, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/witherwax-v-zurich-insurance-company-lactapp-1975.