Williams v. U.S. Bank National Ass'n

290 F.R.D. 600, 2013 WL 3119055, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 87206
CourtDistrict Court, E.D. California
DecidedJune 20, 2013
DocketNo. CIV. S-12-1907 LKK/EFB
StatusPublished
Cited by18 cases

This text of 290 F.R.D. 600 (Williams v. U.S. Bank National Ass'n) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. California primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Williams v. U.S. Bank National Ass'n, 290 F.R.D. 600, 2013 WL 3119055, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 87206 (E.D. Cal. 2013).

Opinion

ORDER

LAWRENCE K. KARLTON, Senior District Judge.

Plaintiff seeks conditional certification of a class of current and former mortgage underwriters employed by defendant U.S. Bank. Defendant has requested that the court seal every single page of most of the substantive exhibits that plaintiff has submitted in support of the conditional certification motion.1 For the reasons that follow, plaintiffs conditional certification motion will be granted, and defendant’s request to seal will be denied for the most part, and granted in part.

I. BACKGROUND

Plaintiff Karen Williams is a former mortgage underwriter for defendant U.S. Bank (“the bank”). Plaintiff alleges that the Bank “suffered and permitted” Williams to work overtime hours. Complaint (ECF No. 1) ¶ 9. However, the bank did not pay her overtime wages, even though, Williams alleges, the Fair Labor Standards Act (“FLSA”), 29 U.S.C. §§ 201, et seq., required the bank to do so. Id.

The FLSA generally requires an employer to pay overtime wages for employees working more than 40 hours in a week. 29 U.S.C. § 207. The overtime provisions do not apply however, to “exempt” employees, including “any employee employed in a bona fide ... administrative ... capacity.” 29 U.S.C. § 213(a)(1). In this case, defendant classified plaintiff as exempt pursuant to the “administrative employee” exemption. See Defendant’s Opposition to Conditional Certification (“Opposition”) (ECF No. 33) at 6.2

Plaintiff seeks to represent a nationwide class of U.S. Bank mortgage underwriters, and moves here for conditional certification of the class pursuant to 29 U.S.C. § 216. Plaintiff asserts that the proposed class members were together the victims of a single policy of defendant’s, namely, that although mortgage underwriters were all entitled to overtime wages for overtime work, defendant uniformly mis-classified them as “exempt” so as to deny them the overtime wages they were owed. See Memorandum in Support of Motion For Conditional Certification and Judicial Notice (“Motion”) (ECF No. 28) at 7. Plaintiff claims that the mortgage underwriters performed the same job duties; were uniformly classified (or misclassified), as administrative employees who were “exempt” from the overtime compensation laws; were paid in a similar manner; and commonly worked overtime hours without receiving overtime wages. See Motion at 6.

Defendant opposes the motion on the grounds that there are conflicting declarations from the underwriters themselves— those submitted by plaintiffs versus those submitted by defendant—about what their job duties are, what authority they have to approve or deny loans, and what is the basis for evaluating their job performance. See Defendant’s Mem. of Points and Authorities in Opposition (ECF No. 33) (“Opposition”) at 10-12. Defendant also seeks to exclude plaintiffs own declaration on the ground that it is “contrary to her deposition testimony,” and therefore, “inherently unreliable.” See Opposition at 9-10.

[604]*604II. STANDARDS

A. Sealing Documents

Courts have long recognized a “general right to inspect and copy public records and documents, including judicial records and documents.” Nixon v. Warner Commc’ns, Inc., 435 U.S. 589, 597, 98 S.Ct. 1306, 55 L.Ed.2d 570 (1978) (denying release of the “Nixon tapes” that were played in open court and entered into evidence). “This right extends to pretrial documents filed in civil cases.” Estate of Migliaccio v. Allianz Life Ins. Co. (In re Midland Nat’l Life Ins. Co. Annuity Sales Practices Lit.), 686 F.3d 1115, 1119 (9th Cir.2012) (per curiam). “Unless a particular court record is one ‘traditionally kept secret,’ a ‘strong presumption in favor of access’ is the starting point.” Kamakana v. City and Cnty. of Honolulu, 447 F.3d 1172, 1178 (9th Cir.2006) (quoting Foltz v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 331 F.3d 1122, 1135 (9th Cir.2003)).3 In order to overcome this strong presumption, a party seeking to seal a judicial record must articulate justifications for sealing that outweigh the historical right of access and the public policies favoring disclosure. See id. at 1178-79.

The Ninth Circuit has determined that the public’s interest in non-dispositive motions is relatively lower than its interest in trial or a dispositive motion. Accordingly, a party seeking to seal a document attached to a non-dispositive motion need only demonstrate “good cause” to justify sealing. Pintos v. Pac. Creditors Ass’n, 605 F.3d 665, 678 (9th Cir.2010) (applying “good cause” standard to all non-dispositive motions because such motions “are often unrelated, or only tangentially related, to the underlying cause of action”) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted), cert. denied, 562 U.S.__, 131 S.Ct. 900, 178 L.Ed.2d 747 (2011). “The party seeking protection bears the burden of showing specific prejudice or harm will result if no [protection] is granted.” Phillips v. Gen. Motors Corp., 307 F.3d 1206, 1210-11 (9th Cir.2002). That party must make a “particularized showing of good cause with respect to any individual document.” San Jose Mercury News, Inc. v. U.S. Dist. Court, N. Dist. (San Jose), 187 F.3d 1096, 1103 (9th Cir.1999) (emphasis added). “Broad allegations of harm, unsubstantiated by specific examples or articulated reasoning” are insufficient. Beckman Indus., Inc. v. Int’l Ins. Co., 966 F.2d 470, 476 (9th Cir.) (quoting Cipollone v. Liggett Group, Inc., 785 F.2d 1108, 1121 (3rd Cir.1986)), cert. denied, 506 U.S. 868, 113 S.Ct. 197, 121 L.Ed.2d 140 (1992).

Conversely, “the resolution of a dispute on the merits, whether by trial or summary judgment, is at the heart of the interest in ensuring the ‘public’s understanding of the judicial process and of significant public events.’ ” Kamakana, 447 F.3d at 1179 (quoting Valley Broad. Co. v. U.S. Dist. Court for Dist. of Nev., 798 F.2d 1289, 1294 (9th Cir.1986)). Accordingly, a party seeking to seal a judicial record attached to a dispositive motion or one that is presented at trial must articulate “compelling reasons” in favor of sealing. See id. at 1178. “The mere fact that the production of records may lead to a litigant’s embarrassment, incrimination, or exposure to further litigation will not, without more, compel the court to seal its records.” Id. at 1179 (citing Foltz, 331 F.3d at 1136). “In general, ‘compelling reasons’ ...

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Bluebook (online)
290 F.R.D. 600, 2013 WL 3119055, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 87206, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/williams-v-us-bank-national-assn-caed-2013.