Wiley v. Wiley

543 N.W.2d 64, 214 Mich. App. 614

• Court: Michigan Court of Appeals
• Decided: December 26, 1995
• Docket: Docket 174268
• Status: Published

Opinions

Michael J. Kelly, P.J.

Defendant appeals as of right from a March 18, 1994, judgment of divorce entered by the Wayne Circuit Court and asserts that the trial court erred in denominating alimony as rehabilitative and limiting it to a period of two years. We reverse.

The standard of review for findings of fact is the clearly erroneous standard and for dispositive rulings the standard is whether we are left with a firm conviction that the decision was inequitable. Sparks v Sparks, 440 Mich 141, 151-152; 485 NW2d 893 (1992). We have a definite and firm conviction that the trial court’s ruling regarding alimony is inequitable and the trial court clearly erred in failing to designate its alimony award as periodic alimony subject to modification on a showing of changed circumstances. MCL 552.28; MSA 25.106. There is no record support for interpreting the award as alimony in gross. Had the trial court intended to so limit the award, it would have been simple to do so. The trial court also did not declare the award nontaxable, final, or nonmodifiable. Cf. Bonfiglio v Pring, 202 Mich App 61; 507 NW2d 759 (1993), and Pinka v Pinka, 206 Mich App 101; 520 NW2d 371 (1994).

The trial court probably intended that the award could be modified if defendant were unable to obtain full-time employment and support herself. During the thirty-year marriage, defendant had a history of part-time employment, and although the trial court certainly intended to encourage her to work full-time that objective is not always attainable for people in their fifties, male or female. Whether the trial court would have designated the alimony as subject to its further order is not known. Application was apparently not made to the trial court for modification. We do not believe that the language in the judgment to the effect that alimony is "not permanent” forecloses a construction that alimony is periodic. There is ample support in the record for permitting defendant to apply for modification upon a change of circumstances, particularly in view of the plaintiffs far superior earnings and the defendant’s emotional and physical health problems. Had the trial court refused to award any alimony we would reverse on reasoning similar to that announced in Hanaway v Hanaway, 208 Mich App 278; 527 NW2d 792 (1995). Here, the award to the defendant is nowhere near the amount or proportion of the award of assets received in the Hanaway property division, and the difference in income has widened rather than narrowed.

Regarding the award of attorney fees and costs prayed for by defendant for prosecuting this appeal, we grant that request. We note, however, that defendant has prayed for $5,000 as her costs and attorneys fees, but we believe the trial court is in a better position to determine the reasonableness and necessity of such an award, and we remand to the trial court for that purpose. At the same time, the defendant should petition the trial court for modification of the alimony award, which is now designated as periodic.

Reversed and remanded.

D. R. Freeman, J., concurred.