Washington v. Mitchell

553 S.E.2d 919, 146 N.C. App. 720, 2001 N.C. App. LEXIS 1074
CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedNovember 6, 2001
DocketNo. COA00-1348
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 553 S.E.2d 919 (Washington v. Mitchell) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Washington v. Mitchell, 553 S.E.2d 919, 146 N.C. App. 720, 2001 N.C. App. LEXIS 1074 (N.C. Ct. App. 2001).

Opinion

WALKER, Judge.

In 1991, Andrew Mitchell, father of defendant Marilyn Mitchell (Marilyn) and defendant Christopher Mitchell (Christopher) and husband of defendant Annie Mitchell (Annie), deeded lots # 122 through 125 (burial plots) and lots # 126 and 127 (church lots) in Stokes County to Marilyn in separate deeds. On 12 December 1995, plaintiffs filed a lawsuit in the Superior Court of Forsyth County against Marilyn, Perry Mitchell (Perry), and Andrew Mitchell. Plaintiffs alleged that the defendants defrauded them, converted property, and committed unfair and deceptive trade practices.

On 17 January 1997, with the case scheduled for trial in February 1997, Marilyn deeded the church lots to defendants Annie and Christopher, who were trustees in Grace Temple Church (the [721]*721Church). Simultaneously, by separate deed, she conveyed the burial plots to Annie “for the purpose of creating a place for a family burial area.” Annie paid $500 to Marilyn for these lots. The deed to the church lots had stamps in the amount of $150 placed on it. The deed to the burial lots did not contain stamps but made reference to the church lots deed regarding the stamps.

The Church had begun constructing a church building in 1995 and Marilyn had provided money to the Church from the start of this construction. As a result, the Church incurred a total indebtedness of $75,000 to Marilyn, of which $25,000 was paid to her on'17 January 1997. The balance of $50,000 was to be paid pursuant to an unrecorded agreement and deed of trust placed on the church lots, which the Church executed to Marilyn on 17 January 1997.

On 28 February 1997, the jury found for plaintiffs in their original suit and the trial court entered judgment for $89,848.21 plus interest. Defendants appealed the trial court’s judgment and this Court affirmed.

On 23 June 1998, plaintiffs filed the present action to set aside both deeds as fraudulent transfers and requested that the court require the property to be transferred to the plaintiffs and applied to the judgment against the defendants in the original matter. The parties waived a jury and the trial court, after hearing the evidence, made findings of fact including:

Six. On January, 1997, Marilyn Demarlow Mitchell deeded lots # 122 through 125 to Annie Mitchell only, for the purposes of a family burial plot... and at the same time in a different deed, Marilyn Demarlow Mitchell did deed to Annie Mitchell and Christopher Lloyd Mitchell lots # 126 and 127 .... This is the current property that the church is located on.
Seven. On January, 1997 the Grace Temple Church did execute to Marilyn Demarlow Mitchell an unrecorded agreement and deed of trust in the amount of $50,000.00 for lots # 126 and 127. Andrew Mitchell, Christopher Mitchell and Annie Mitchell, and Marilyn Demarlow Mitchell signed this agreement; no other trustees executed this agreement.
Nine. On or about the date of the execution of the deed from Marilyn Mitchell to Annie Mitchell and from Marilyn Mitchell to [722]*722Annie Mitchell and Christopher Mitchell, Marilyn Mitchell and her parents, Andrew Mitchell and Annie Mitchell, went to David Cathey, Attorney at Law, Winston-Salem, to discuss with him the transferring of the deed concerning the burial site and the church property. He advised them they could transfer the property since there were no judgments against Marilyn Mitchell at the time. A note and deed of trust was [sic] discussed but they never got back to him about preparing the note and deed of trust.... Christopher Mitchell was not present at David Cathey’s office.
Ten. The evidence indicated that Annie Mitchell paid Marilyn Demarlow Mitchell $500.00 for the lots # 122 through 125 upon which there are no improvements. This is known as the burial plot.
Based on its findings, the trial court concluded in part:
One. That the conveyance from Marilyn Mitchell to Annie Mitchell for the burial lots was not a voluntary conveyance, in that it was transferred for value in the amount of $500.00. The court cannot conclude as a matter of law what the fair market value of these lots were [sic] on January, 1997 but does conclude that the transfer was for value.
Two. The court does conclude as a matter of law that the conveyance from Marilyn Mitchell to Annie Mitchell and Christopher Mitchell, lots # 126 and 127 were [sic] also not voluntary and that they were for value because there was an agreement that the grantor be repaid moneys which she had advanced for construction of the church.
Three. The two transfers of lots # 122 through 127 were made for valuable consideration and were made with the actual intent to defraud creditors.
Four. The court cannot conclude as a matter of law that the grantee, Annie Mitchell, participated in the defrauding of creditors when she paid value for the land and sought the advice of an attorney in paying this value.
Five. Christopher Mitchell did not participate in the defrauding of creditors in that he was not present at the attorneys’ office and there is no evidence that he was aware of any impending judgment against her, his sister.

[723]*723The trial court further concluded that the plaintiffs failed to carry their burden of proof to set aside these deeds.

In a trial without a jury, the judge is required to make findings of fact and conclusions of law. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1A-1, Rule 52(a)(1) (1999). On appeal, this Court must determine whether there is competent evidence to support the findings and whether the findings support the conclusions. Farmers Bank v. Brown Distributors, 307 N.C. 342, 345-46, 298 S.E.2d 357, 359 (1983); Mann Contr’rs, Inc. v. Flair with Goldsmith Consultants-II, Inc., 135 N.C. App. 772, 774, 522 S.E.2d 118, 121 (1999). Here, the record contains the following stipulation of the parties: “[T]he Findings of Fact of the District Court are supported by competent evidence, and that only conclusions of law and the ultimate disposition of this matter are at issue in this appeal.” Therefore, this Court needs only to determine whether the conclusions are supported by the findings.

The leading case setting forth the law of fraudulent conveyance in this State is Aman v. Walker, 165 N.C. 224, 81 S.E. 162 (1914). In that case, our Supreme Court summarized the five principles of fraudulent conveyances as follows:

(1) If the conveyance is voluntary and the grantor retains property fully sufficient and available to pay his debts then existing, and there is no actual intent to defraud, the conveyance is valid.
(2) If the conveyance is voluntary, and the grantor did not retain property fully sufficient and available to pay his debts then existing, it is invalid as to creditors; but it cannot be impeached by subsequent creditors without proof of the existence of a debt at the time of its execution, which is unpaid, and when this is established and the conveyance avoided, subsequent creditors are let in and the property is subjected to the payment of creditors generally.

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Bluebook (online)
553 S.E.2d 919, 146 N.C. App. 720, 2001 N.C. App. LEXIS 1074, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/washington-v-mitchell-ncctapp-2001.