Voicestream Wireless v. US Communications

912 So. 2d 34, 2005 WL 2016838
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedAugust 24, 2005
Docket4D04-4913
StatusPublished
Cited by27 cases

This text of 912 So. 2d 34 (Voicestream Wireless v. US Communications) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Voicestream Wireless v. US Communications, 912 So. 2d 34, 2005 WL 2016838 (Fla. Ct. App. 2005).

Opinion

912 So.2d 34 (2005)

VOICESTREAM WIRELESS CORPORATION, a foreign corporation, Appellant,
v.
U.S. COMMUNICATIONS, INC., a Florida corporation, VoiceNet Wireless, Inc., a Florida corporation, GSM Network, Inc., a Florida corporation, and CDB Duke Enterprises, Inc., a Florida corporation, Appellees.

No. 4D04-4913.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.

August 24, 2005.
Rehearing Denied October 20, 2005.

*36 Cory W. Eichhorn and Matthew Triggs of Proskauer Rose, LLP, Boca Raton, and Kristine McAlister Brown of Alston & Bird, LLP, Atlanta, Georgia, for appellant.

Harriet R. Lewis and Michael L. Stines of Weiss Serota Helfman Pastoriza Guedes Cole & Boniske, P.A., Fort Lauderdale for appellees GSM Network, Inc., a Florida corporation, and VoiceNet Wireless, Inc., a Florida corporation.

Steven M. Goldsmith of Steven M. Goldsmith, P.A., Boca Raton, and Scott W. Leeds of Leeds, Colby & Paris, P.A., Miami, for appellees U.S. Communications, Inc., a Florida corporation, and CDB Duke Enterprises, Inc., a Florida corporation.

HAZOURI, J.

This case involves the enforceability of an arbitration clause included in a contract executed by VoiceStream Wireless Corporation and each of the Appellees. The trial court found the contract both procedurally and substantively unconscionable and therefore, unenforceable. We disagree. We find certain contractual provisions unenforceable, but hold that the arbitration agreement is enforceable.

The contract involved in this appeal was executed between VoiceNet Wireless, Inc., U.S. Communications, Inc., GSM Networks, Inc., and CDB Duke Enterprises, Inc., (hereinafter Dealers), who were four corporations that contracted with VoiceStream, a wireless service provider, to sell cellular phone service and enter into contracts with subdealers to do the same. The Dealers were going to become what the parties referred to as master dealers in the South Florida market. At the time of this business deal, VoiceStream was the only provider in South Florida offering GSM cellular phone service. GSM technology allows cellular phone users to travel worldwide while continuing to use their cellular phones. Eventually, the business relationship went sour and the Dealers filed suit against VoiceStream alleging violations of the Florida Franchise Act and tortious interference with a business relationship. In response to the suit, VoiceStream moved for a stay pending arbitration, based on the arbitration clause in the contract (hereinafter dealer agreement). Each dealer agreement includes an arbitration clause that reads:

12.11.1 Arbitration Clause. Except as stated in paragraph 12.11.5 below, all claims, counterclaims, cross-claims, and disputes between Dealer and Company (including whether any particular dispute is arbitrable hereunder), shall be resolved by submission to binding arbitration. Company shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to submit any such disputes to the Seattle, Washington, or another office, of Judicial Arbitration & Mediation Services, Inc. ("JAMS"), any other arbitration or mediation services of its choosing, or to arbitrate any such *37 disputes under the commercial arbitration rules of the American Arbitration Association ("AAA"), before one neutral arbitrator, except to the extent that those rules are modified herein.

The trial court permitted the parties to conduct limited discovery to determine the existence of binding contracts between VoiceStream and each of the Dealers. Thereafter, the trial court conducted an evidentiary hearing on the matter over a three-day period, the result of which was the trial court's entry of an order denying VoiceStream's motion to stay. The trial court found that the contract was unconscionable. In addressing procedural unconscionability, the trial court found the following facts:

the contract was clearly drafted by VOICESTREAM and any ability to negotiate terms was not available. Therefore, the Plaintiffs in reality had no ability or opportunity to bargain or alter any of the terms and had no input into the preparation of the contract. Moreover, there were no alternative sources for supply of cellular phones in the South Florida market with a GSM format.

In its ruling on substantive unconscionability, the trial court found:

that the contract is substantively unconscionable since under the circumstances of the case it requires the Plaintiffs to give up many specific legal remedies. In fact, the contract specifically provides that the Plaintiffs give up the right to seek incidental, special consequential or punitive damages, including but not limited to lost revenue or profits in connection with the agreement or its breach.
In essence, the Plaintiffs have given up the right to any damages based upon the arbitration agreement. However, such limitations are not imposed upon the Defendant to recover such damages. Likewise, the forum selection clause providing for arbitration in Washington may effectively foreclose or waive at least one of the Plaintiffs' right to pursue the claim because of the cost associated therewith, based upon the evidence presented by the Plaintiff GSM. In addition, the contract provides that VOICESTREAM "alone" has the sole option of pursuing arbitration. Likewise, VOICESTREAM, unlike the Plaintiffs, have a right to pursue court action by way of seeking injunction or other equitable relief to enforce any right, duty or obligation under the agreement.

(citation omitted). The trial court's order properly set up the legal analysis by which it would make its decision. We address the enforceability of various provisions of the contract discussed by the trial court and determine that where the dealer agreement includes a severability clause,[1] the presence of certain unenforceable provisions in the contract does not require a finding that the arbitration agreement is unenforceable.

In ruling on a motion to compel arbitration, there are three factors for the court to consider: "(1) whether a valid written agreement to arbitrate exists; (2) whether an arbitrable issue exists; and (3) whether the right to arbitration was waived." Seifert v. U.S. Home Corp., 750 So.2d 633 (Fla.1999). At issue in the instant case is the first of these *38 factors where the trial court found that the contract was both procedurally and substantively unconscionable, thus making the arbitration agreement unenforceable. A trial court's denial of a motion to compel arbitration based on its construction of the contract is subject to review by the de novo standard as it presents an issue of law. See Powertel, Inc. v. Bexley, 743 So.2d 570, 573 (Fla. 1st DCA 1999). We find that two of the provisions relied upon by the trial court are unenforceable.

The trial court's analysis relied upon various provisions of the dealer agreement which are separate from the arbitration agreement and did not address the impact of the severability clause included in the contract. One provision that is separate and apart from the arbitration agreement is the contract's damages limitation. The dealer agreement contains a limitation of liability clause which reads:

10.3 Limitation of Liability.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
912 So. 2d 34, 2005 WL 2016838, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/voicestream-wireless-v-us-communications-fladistctapp-2005.