Village Square Shopping Center Ass'n v. Nelson

522 So. 2d 163, 1988 La. App. LEXIS 799, 1988 WL 20707
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedMarch 10, 1988
DocketCA-8682
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 522 So. 2d 163 (Village Square Shopping Center Ass'n v. Nelson) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Village Square Shopping Center Ass'n v. Nelson, 522 So. 2d 163, 1988 La. App. LEXIS 799, 1988 WL 20707 (La. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinion

522 So.2d 163 (1988)

VILLAGE SQUARE SHOPPING CENTER ASSOCIATION
v.
Mrs. Frances NELSON.

No. CA-8682.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fourth Circuit.

March 10, 1988.
Rehearing Denied April 13, 1988.
Writ Denied June 2, 1988.

*164 Frederick P. Heisler, New Orleans, for plaintiff/appellant.

Vincent T. LoCoco, Many, LoCoco, Kimble & Rives, New Orleans, for defendant-appellee.

Before SCHOTT, WARD and ARMSTRONG, JJ.

SCHOTT, Judge.

Plaintiff, Village Square Shopping Center Association, is a non-profit corporation composed of the owners of property in a commercial subdivision known as Village Square. Property in the subdivision was sold subject to building restrictions which included provisions for the Association to assess against each property owner his pro-rata share of the cost of maintaining common areas in the subdivision. In this suit the Association is attempting to collect assessments it levied between 1979 and 1986 against defendant, Mrs. Frances Nelson, and her deceased husband, David Nelson, as owners of property in the subdivision. From a judgment dismissing the suit the Association has appealed. The issue is whether the Association has forfeited or is somehow estopped from enforcing its right to collect the assessments because portions of the building restrictions regulating signs and the design of buildings have not been enforced.

David Nelson purchased property in Village Square in 1968 and constructed a building for use as a commercial photography studio. The property was subject to building restrictions which were printed in a brochure presumably given to Nelson when he became interested in the property. Among the restrictions are provisions for the assessment of charges against the property owners to cover the expense of maintaining common areas in the subdivision. Printed on the outside of the brochure are drawings by the project's architect which, according to defendant's characterization, "show that there was contemplated a shopping center with aesthetic harmony, uniform beauty and a look of first-class quality." Nelson was also presumably given by the developers a set of specific restrictions from the developers's "Architectural Control Committee" requiring all-brick store fronts and a specific type of brick, prohibiting picture windows, and limiting *165 the size of signs on stores and shops in the subdivision.

Mrs. Nelson testified that she and her husband were attracted to the subdivision because they thought signs and building designs would be controlled by the developer. However, shortly after they built their building, "gaudy", oversized signs and buildings with features in violation of the restrictions began to appear. They complained to the developer and resolved that they would not pay the assessments to plaintiff because it had failed to perform its obligation to enforce the restrictions.

The Association's president, Frederick Sigur, testified that he had been on the Architectural Control Committee when the subdivision was opened and David Nelson was the first property owner to build. Sigur stated that the sign and building restrictions were enforced when Nelson built, even to the extent that Nelson was not permitted to use a sign on his building because the sign slightly exceeded the maximum size permitted. However, three years after the subdivision was opened the Architectural Control Committee passed out of existence, and, from that point forward, the subject deviations from the restrictions began to appear. According to Sigur, enforcement of the restrictions then became the business of the Association, but the members of the Association, who were the property owners in the subdivision, declined to take action. Sigur thought that the Association members-property owners considered the twelve square foot limitation on sign size to be impractical for businesses which were located 160 feet off the highway.

The trial judge accepted defendant's theory that she and her husband were motivated to buy in the subdivision because of assurances by the developer that its aesthetic appearance would be maintained and enforced. He concluded that because the Association failed in its obligation to defendant, "equity dictates that it would be unjust to allow the Plaintiff to enforce the Defendant's obligation of paying these assessment fees."

Building restrictions are incorporeal immovables and real rights established by juridical act executed by the owner of an immovable or by all the owners of the affected immovables. LSA-C.C. arts. 776, 777. They are subject to interpretation and enforcement as are contracts. See Revision Comments to C.C. arts. 776, 779, 783. Thus, for purposes of interpretation, the restrictions in this case may be likened to a contract amongst the property owners and the developer. A court may resort to equity in the interpretation of a contract only where its provisions are doubtful or where there is no provision for a particular situation. LSA C.C. arts. 2053 and 2054. In order to determine whether or not the trial judge properly resorted to equity in deciding this case we must first consider the following pertinent provisions of the restrictions:

RESTRICTIONS ON "VILLAGE SQUARE"

St. Bernarnd Parish, Louisiana PART A—COMMERCIAL AREA COVENANTS

3. ARCHITECTURAL CONTROL. No building, addition, sign, wall or fence shall be erected, placed, or altered on any building lot in the subdivision until the construction plans and specifications and a plan showing the location of the structure or otherwise proposed improvements, have been approved in writing by the Architectural Control Committee as to quality of workmanship and materials, harmony of external design with existing structures, and as to location with respect to topography and finish grade elevation.
7. SIGNS: No sign shall be constructed or erected without prior approval of the Architectural Control Committee.
10. SHOPPING CENTER ASSOCIATION: Every person, firm or corporation that is a record title owner of any lot shall ipso facto be a member of the Village Square Shopping Center Association, hereinafter referred to as the Association, which said association is a non profit corporation created by act before Allen J. Tillery, Notary Public dated *166 April 19, 1968 and recorded in the office of the Clerk of Court for the Parish of St. Bernard, in MOB 94, folio 20, Entry No. 87450, and the said Association is charged with the obligation of maintaining and cleaning of the parking area, sidewalk area, and the rear service area, and the lighting of same. For the purpose of providing funds for the aforesaid purposes of the Association, each lot owner shall be liable for the pro-rata share thereof, based on the number of lots he owns in relation to the total number of lots. The assessment and collection of the pro-rata share of the aforesaid assessments shall be in accordance with the charter and by-laws of the said association.

PART B—ARCHITECTURAL CONTROL COMMITTEE

3. Term: The initial term of the said committee shall be for a period of three (3) years or for such longer period as the said committee in its discretion deems necessary. However, the Committee shall have the right at any time after the initial aforesaid three year term, dissolve, in which event the owners of the lots covered by the within restrictions shall nonetheless be bound by these restrictions but without any architectural control as mentioned in Paragraph 3, Part A. above.

PART C—GENERAL PROVISIONS

2.

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Bluebook (online)
522 So. 2d 163, 1988 La. App. LEXIS 799, 1988 WL 20707, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/village-square-shopping-center-assn-v-nelson-lactapp-1988.