Utterback v. United States

121 F.R.D. 297, 1987 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 13801, 1987 WL 47780
District Court, W.D. Kentucky·Decided December 11, 1987·No. Civ. A. No. C 83-0866-L(A)·Published·Cited by 1 cases

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION

ALLEN, Senior District Judge.

This action is pending before the Court on two requests by the United States for protective orders, and on the motions of the opposing party to produce the documents that the Government seeks to protect.

The first motion pertains to a memorandum from the Chairman of the Board of Investigation of the Veterans Administration addressed to the Medical Center Director on May 10, 1983; the memorandum which was submitted to the Court in camera is signed by three members of the Board of Investigation and contains an outline of the facts relating to the surgery which was performed, as well as the conclusions of the committee as to where responsibilities lay.

The Government contends that this document is confidential and may not be submitted to the plaintiff or her counsel or to any one else except as provided in Title 38 U.S.C. § 3305(b)(1).

Title 38 U.S.C. § 3305(a) provides: Records and documents created by the Veterans Administration as part of a [298]*298medical quality assurance program other than reports submitted to section 4105(2)(b) of this Title are confidential and privileged and may not be disclosed to any person or entity except as provided in section (b) of this section.

Title 38 U.S.C. § 3305(b) provides many exceptions to the confidentiality requirements set out in 38 U.S.C. § 3305(a), but none of these exceptions is applicable to an action by a plaintiff for malpractice.

Title 38 U.S.C. § 3305(c) defines the term “medical quality assurance program” as follows:

(1) with respect to any activity carried out before the date of the enactment of this action, a Veterans’ Administration systematic health-care review activity carried out by or for the Veterans’ Administration for the purpose of improving the quality of medical care or improving the utilization of health-care resources in Veterans’ Administration health-care facilities; and
(2) with respect to any activity carried out on or after the date of the enactment of this section, a Veterans’ Administration systematic health-care review activity designated by the Administrator to be carried out by or for the Veterans’ Administration for either such purpose.

In the unreported opinion of Harrell v. United States of America, 742 F.2d 1448 (4th Cir.1984), plaintiff brought an action against the United States under the Federal Tort Claims Act alleging that he contracted an infection as a result of the negligence of the Veterans Administration and of certain doctors who were employed there. He alleged that the hospital and doctors were negligent in failing to follow standard procedures of sanitization and cleanliness, in failing to comply with disease control standards of a reasonable and prudent hospital and in failing to inform him of the risk of infection inherent in having a cardiac catheterization performed at the hospital.

The Magistrate entered summary judgment for the United States and on appeal the plaintiff contended that the Magistrate erred in refusing to compel the defendant to produce documents relating to the hospital’s infection control procedures, tests and results.

The appellate court found no abuse of discretion in the Magistrate’s denial of Harrell’s motion to compel the production of infection control documents. The Magistrate had found that these documents were protected from disclosure by 38 U.S.C. § 3305(a) and (c). The court devoted the great majority of its opinion to discussing the question of whether or not the statute was in effect at the time of the plaintiff’s injuries, but it did state on page 7 of the opinion that there was no abuse of discretion in the denial of the motion to compel production. The court did not discuss in any way its reason for reaching that conclusion.

Defendant cites as authority two Illinois decisions, Jenkins v. Wu, 102 Ill.2d 468, 82 Ill.Dec. 382, 468 N.E.2d 1162 (1984), and Niven v. Siqueira, 109 Ill.2d 357, 94 Ill. Dec. 60, 487 N.E.2d 937 (1985). In both of those cases, the courts addressed Illinois statutes which made confidential records used in the course of internal quality control or for the purpose of reducing morbidity or mortality or improving patient care. The courts held such records should be privileged and not divulged to anyone except in a case involving staff privileges. The court in Jenkins, supra, cited the case of Bredice v. Doctors Hospital, Inc., (D.D. C.1970), 50 F.R.D. 249, aff'd (D.C.Cir.1973), 479 F.2d 920. There, in a medical malpractice action, plaintiff sought production of committee proceedings relating to the death of plaintiff’s decedent. In holding that such proceedings were entitled to a qualified privilege on the basis of public policy, the court stated:

‘Confidentiality is essential to effective functioning of these staff meetings; and these meetings are essential to the continued improvement in the care and treatment of patients. Candid and conscientious evaluation of clinical practices is a sine qua non of adequate hospital care. To subject these discussions and deliberations to the discovery process, without a showing of exceptional necessi[299]*299ty, would result in terminating such deliberations. Constructive professional criticism cannot occur in an atmosphere of apprehension that one doctor’s suggestion will be used as a denunciation of a colleague’s conduct in a malpractice suit.’ 50 F.R.D. 249, 250.

Both Jenkins and Niven hold that the legislature of Illinois wished “to encourage candid and voluntary studies for programs used to improve hospital conditions and patient care or to reduce the rate of death and disease.” In order to do that, the legislature provided that the materials used should be confidential. See Niven, supra, 94 Ill.Dec. at 65, 487 N.E.2d at 942; Jenkins, supra, 82 Ill.Dec. at 389, 468 N.E.2d at 1169.

Plaintiff’s reliance upon Ott v. St. Luke Hospital of Campbell County, Inc., 522 F.Supp. 706, 708-711 (E.D.Ky.1981) is misplaced. That case involved the question of a staff physician’s due process rights under Kentucky statutes. There the plaintiff was alleging deprivation of his due process rights and wished to obtain from the hospital copies of the proceedings in which his denial of staff rights was discussed. District Judge Bertlesman correctly held that in that case to deny the plaintiff the right to obtain this material would be in effect to deny him a right to prove his case and therefore that the state confidentiality statute, K.R.S. 311.377 would have to give way to the plaintiff’s legal due process rights.

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Utterback v. United States, 121 F.R.D. 297, 1987 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 13801, 1987 WL 47780 (W.D. Ky. 1987).

121 F.R.D. 297 (Utterback v. United States) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

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