United States v. Walter Lewis

231 F.3d 238, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 27439, 2000 WL 1643846
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
DecidedNovember 3, 2000
Docket98-3619
StatusPublished
Cited by27 cases

This text of 231 F.3d 238 (United States v. Walter Lewis) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Walter Lewis, 231 F.3d 238, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 27439, 2000 WL 1643846 (6th Cir. 2000).

Opinions

MARTIN, C.J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which SUHRHEINRICH, J., joined. SILER, J. (p. 242), delivered a separate dissenting opinion.

OPINION

BOYCE F. MARTIN, JR., Chief Judge.

On February 11, 1998, Walter Lewis was convicted of possession with intent to distribute crack cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) and (b)(1)(A) and illegal possession of a firearm by a convicted felon in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1) and (2). He was sentenced to mandatory life imprisonment as a three-time convicted felon. Prior to trial, Lewis filed a motion to suppress which the district court denied. He appeals the district court’s denial of his motion to suppress as well as his life sentence. We reverse.

In early December, 1996, an informant began providing officers from the Cleveland Police Department Narcotics Unit information that Walter Lewis and his brother, Edward Julian, stored and sold narcotics out of their home at 10105 West-[240]*240Chester Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio. On Saturday, December 21, the informant told the officers that a large drug delivery was going to be made between 3:00 and 4:00 p.m. that day. The informant told the police that Edward Julian would make the delivery down the street from the house driving a new black Jeep Cherokee, license number_ — 196. Based on this information, police established surveillance of the house.

At 3:35 p.m., a black Jeep Cherokee, license number WMD-196, pulled into the driveway of 10105 Westchester. As they drove by to verify the license plate, the police saw Julian get into the Jeep and leave the driveway. Julian drove approximately one block down the street where he' stopped across the street from a black Chevrolet automobile that was parked in front of 10005 Westchester. Antonio Clark exited the Chevrolet and entered the front passenger seat of the Jeep. The officers saw the two individuals exchange something and concluded that a drug deal was in progress.

As the officers pulled up to the Jeep to investigate, they observed Julian toss several large rocks of cocaine base into the back seat of the Jeep and Clark shove something into his pant’s. The officers approached the Jeep, saw the cocaine base in the back of the Jeep, and arrested both Clark and Julian.

Officer Thomas Shoulders then told officers Jim Kooser and Mark Mazur to return to 10105 Westchester and “secure” the house. There is conflicting testimony as to what happened next. According to the testimony of Mazur, he and Kooser knocked on the side door of 10105 West-chester. A child answered the door. The detectives identified themselves and asked if the boy’s parents or any other adult was in the house. The boy said that his mother was out shopping. The officers asked the boy if they could enter. He responded, “Come on in.”

The officers testified that, once inside the house, they immediately observed Lewis running up the stairs to the second floor. Fearing that Lewis might be attempting to get a weapon or destroy evidence, they pursued him up the stairs. Lewis ran into a bedroom, slammed the door and held it shut. The officers identified themselves and asked to enter the room. They then forced their way into the room and observed a large quantity of cocaine base "and a scale in the bedroom. The officers then arrested Lewis.

The owner of the house, Marjorie Julian, was paged, and she returned home. The officers described what had happened and explained the Consent to Search form they were asking her to sign. She signed the form. Marjorie Julian told the police that the bedroom belonged to Lewis. After the officers explained the consent form to Lewis, he also signed the form. The officers then searched the bedroom. Lewis then told the police that a weapon was located on a shelf in the room. The search revealed a .38 caliber revolver. In addition to the weapon and the cocaine base, the officers seized a scale, plastic baggies, a razor, and personal papers from the room.

The defense presented five witnesses. Craig Alford testified that he went to the Julian house on December 21 to tell the family members that the police were “harassing” Edward. According to Alford, the police barged in the side door without knocking, told him to shut up, and ran into the dining room and up the stairs. Marshall Lewis, the nephew of Edward Julian and Walter Lewis, testified that Alford arrived at the house on that day and told him that Edward Julian had been arrested on the street. Marshall Lewis testified that, soon thereafter, five, or six officers burst into the house. He testified that he asked them, “What the F you doing in my grandmother’s house?” Walter Lewis testified that he was asleep in his locked bedroom when the police kicked the door in. As the police were coming through the door, he testified that he jumped up to “go [241]*241for [his] gun. According to Lewis, the police then located the drugs in a suitcase under the bed.

Karlene Lewis, sister to Edward Julian and Walter Lewis, testified' that the officers threatened to tear the house apart if Marjorie Julian and Walter Lewis did not sign the consent form. Marjorie Julian also testified that she signed the consent form because the officers told her that if she did not sign, they would get a search warrant, tear up the house, and board up the house. Walter Lewis testified that he signed the form because the police told him that they were going to board up the house and he did not want the house taken away from his mother.

We review a district court’s legal conclusions with respect to a motion to suppress de novo. See United States v. Bates, 84 F.3d 790, 794 (6th Cir.1996). However, the district court’s factual findings will be disturbed only if they are clearly erroneous. See id. The government bears the burden of proving exigent circumstances existed. See id.

Although warrantless entries into a person’s home are per se unreasonable under the Fourth Amendment, the Supreme Court has held that certain exigent circumstances may justify a warrant-less entry. See United States v. Slaughter, 950 F.2d 1223, 1229-30 (6th Cir.1991) (citing Roaden v. Kentucky, 413 U.S. 496, 93 S.Ct. 2796, 37 L.Ed.2d 757 (1973); Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347, 88 S.Ct. 507, 19 L.Ed.2d 576 (1967)). A warrant-less entry to prevent the destruction of evidence may be permissible if it is based on probable cause and supported by exigent circumstances. See United States v. Delguyd, 542 F.2d 346, 350-51 (6th Cir.1976). We have adopted a two-pronged test to determine when the possibility of destruction of evidence will justify a warrantless entry into a person’s home. See United States v. Sangineto-Miranda, 859 F.2d 1501, 1512 (6th Cir.1988). According to Sangineto-Miranda,

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
231 F.3d 238, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 27439, 2000 WL 1643846, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-walter-lewis-ca6-2000.