United States v. Philip Morris Inc.

212 F.R.D. 418, 2002 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 9173, 2002 WL 31957676
District Court, District of Columbia·Decided May 17, 2002·No. No. Civil Action No. 99-2496(GK)·Published·Cited by 3 cases

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION

KESSLER, District Judge.

On April 9, 2002, the Special Master issued Report and Recommendation #43 (“R & R #43”), recommending certain guidelines for the conduct of depositions as well as an amendment to Order #51. In response to the United States’ Motion for Protective Order to Prohibit Inappropriate Conduct by Joint Defendants During Depositions, the Special Master recommended denying the Motion as to all Joint Defendants other than Brown & Williamson, because of Plaintiffs failure to satisfy the procedural requirements to meet and confer set forth in LCvR 7.1(m), Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(c), and in Order # 51. As to Defendant Brown & Williamson, the Special Master recommended granting much of the relief requested by Plaintiff.1 2In particular, he recommended that the Court adopt the five Proposed Guidelines set forth on pages 27-28 of his R & R.

[419]*419Both the Government and Brown & Williamson have filed partial objections to R & R # 43, although they object for very different reasons.

1. Government’s Notice of Partial Objection

The Government objects to that portion of the R & R, at page 9, which sets out a briefing schedule for “the issue of whether sanctions should be awarded for the asserted failure to comply with LCvR 7.1(m) and Fed. R.Civ.P. 26(c).” The Special Master also invited all the non-Brown & Williamson Joint Defendants that filed an Opposition to Plaintiffs Motion to submit affidavits reflecting the expenses incurred in filing their memo-randa. The Government maintains that its reason for requesting relief in its motion against all Joint Defendants, rather than just against Brown & Williamson, was based on a misunderstanding of what was being requested by the Special Master in an emergency telephonic hearing. The Government concedes that it “misapprehended the scope of relief that the Special Master contemplated the written briefs would cover, and we apologize for our mistake,” U.S. Notice of Partial Obj. to R & R # 43, at 6.

There is no useful purpose to be served in proceeding with sanctions briefing and hearing. The Government has acknowledged its error and has formally apologized. The parties, the Special Master, and the Court have more than enough substantive issues for briefing and decision. Much remains to be done to keep this case on schedule for the filing of dispositive, Daubert, and in limine motions, to say nothing of pre-trial and trial preparations. The Parties’ energies can be more productively used. For that reason, the Court concludes that the United States’ Notice of Partial Objection to Report and Recommendation # 43 is sustained.2

2. Joint Defendants’ Notice of Partial Objection

Defendant Brown & Williamson objects to the Special Master’s Proposed Guideline # 5 which reads as follows:

5. Counsel shall be prohibited from consulting with their clients during breaks in the deposition regarding the subject matter of the deposition.3

Defendant argues that the restriction on lawyer-client conferences — defined as “the subject matter of the deposition” — is so broad, if extended to overnight or longer recesses, that it infringes on the attorney-client relationship. The issue raised by Defendant is a significant one that will certainly arise in the course of the coming months as counsel continue their depositions of fact and expert witnesses.

First, it should be noted that there is a paucity of governing case law in this area. The D.C. Circuit has not spoken on the issue, so far as this Court could find, and the briefs offer no such authority. The two Supreme Court cases relied on by Defendant — Perry v. Leeke, 488 U.S. 272, 109 S.Ct. 594, 102 L.Ed.2d 624 (1989), and Geders v. United States, 425 U.S. 80, 96 S.Ct. 1330, 47 L.Ed.2d 592 (1976) — while appearing to be relevant at first glance turn out upon more careful analysis, to provide little or no guidance. They are both criminal cases and therefore raise Constitutional issues under the Sixth Amendment that are obviously not present in this case. In addition, and perhaps of even greater significance, is the fact that they both concern appropriate restrictions to be imposed on attorney-client consultations during the trial of a case while the individual client-defendant is testifying. Here we are [420]*420concerned with appropriate restrictions to be imposed on attorney-client consultations during discovery proceedings — which are very different from trial proceedings — and the individual witness may or may not be the client of the defending attorney. Given those very significant differences, the Court does not find the analysis and policy concerns set forth in Leeke and Geders to be of use.

Second, the Fifth Circuit, in Potashnick v. Port City Constr. Co., 609 F.2d 1101, 1117 (5th Cir.1980), cert. den., 449 U.S. 820, 101 S.Ct. 78, 66 L.Ed.2d 22 (1980), noted that the “existence of such a right [to retain counsel in civil litigation] has, indeed, been generally assumed in the American legal system.” Finding that “the Supreme Court has indicated in its criminal decisions that the right to retain counsel in civil litigation is implicit in the concept of fifth amendment due process,” id. (internal citations omitted), the Fifth Circuit went on to conclude that “the right to counsel is one of constitutional dimensions and should thus be freely exercised without impingement,” id. at 1118.

While this Court need not decide the Constitutional issue, there are clearly constitutional overtones and concerns about any interference with or limitation on the ability of counsel to confer with her witnesses (whether client or not), to strategize about the case (if the witness is the client), and to provide day-to-day commercial advice (if, for example, the witness is a commercial client). See Geders, 425 U.S. at 88, 96 S.Ct. 1330. That is a particular concern where, as here, depositions may exceed the presumptive 7 hours under Fed.R.Civ.P. 30(d)(2) and Order # 51, and may well be continued over a lengthy period of time because of the demanding deposition schedules of all counsel involved in this case. Finally, the very term “subject matter of the deposition” can be problematic. The term may be construed broadly or narrowly, and may induce lawyers to err on the side of caution and non-consultation to the possible detriment of their clients’ interests. For these reasons, the Court cannot agree that a total prohibition on consultations with the witness during any and all interruptions in the deposition' — no matter how long — regarding its subject matter is warranted.

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United States v. Philip Morris Inc., 212 F.R.D. 418, 2002 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 9173, 2002 WL 31957676 (D.D.C. 2002).

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