United States v. One 1984 Chevrolet Truck

701 F. Supp. 213, 1988 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14017, 1988 WL 134632
CourtDistrict Court, N.D. Georgia
DecidedOctober 11, 1988
DocketNo. 1:86-CV-942-RHH
StatusPublished

This text of 701 F. Supp. 213 (United States v. One 1984 Chevrolet Truck) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, N.D. Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

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United States v. One 1984 Chevrolet Truck, 701 F. Supp. 213, 1988 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14017, 1988 WL 134632 (N.D. Ga. 1988).

Opinion

ORDER

ROBERT H. HALL, District Judge.

This case is currently before the court on claimant’s motion for reconsideration of this court’s order dated July 28, 1988. That order denied claimant’s motion for attorney’s fees under the Equal Access to Justice Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2412 on the basis that the motion was untimely filed.

Procedural Background

On April 28, 1986, Plaintiff United States of America filed a complaint for forfeiture of claimant’s 1984 Chevrolet truck contending that the vehicle was subject to forfeiture pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1324(b). The government contended that the property was used to transport an illegal alien within the United States who was known by the operator to be an illegal alien; that the operator knew or had reasonable grounds to believe that the illegal alien last entered the United States less than three years prior to the transportation; and that the transportation was in furtherance of the immigration violation.

On January 25, 1988 this court granted claimant’s motion for summary judgment after both sides agreed to a joint stipulation which resolved all material issues of fact. The United States subsequently filed a motion for reconsideration which was denied by this court on March 28, 1988. Judgment was entered on March 30, 1988. Claimant filed its motion for attorney’s fees on or about June 17, 1988 and that motion was stamped filed by the Clerk on June 20.

Timeliness of Claimant’s motion

The Equal Access to Justice Act (the “EAJA”) provides that attorney’s fees may be awarded in some circumstances to the prevailing party (other than the United States) in a non-tort civil action brought by or against the federal government. Section 2412(d)(1)(B) of the Act states that a party seeking attorney’s fees shall submit an application for fees to the court within 30 days of the entry of final judgment in [215]*215the action. Section 2412(d)(2)(G) defines “final judgment” as “a judgment that is final and not appealable”. Claimant is correct in pointing out that an order denying a motion for reconsideration is subject to review on appeal. Lovelace v. Acme Markets, Inc., 820 F.2d 81, 83 (3rd Cir.1987); Sidney Vinstein v. A.H. Robins Co., 697 F.2d 880, 883 (9th Cir.1983). Therefore, the relevant date to consider the timeliness of claimant’s motion for attorney’s fees is March 30, 1988. Plaintiff had 60 days from that date to file a notice of appeal. Fed.R.App.P. Rule 4(a). Plaintiff’s time to file an appeal expired on May 31,1988, and from that date, on which this court’s order became final and not appealable, claimant had 30 days within which to file a motion for attorney’s fees under the EAJA. Claimant’s motion was filed on June 20, 1988 and was, therefore, timely filed. This court’s order of July 28, 1988 is vacated and claimant’s motion for attorney’s fees will be considered on the merits.

Attorney’s Fees under the Equal Access to Justice Act

The Equal Access to Justice Act was designed to offset the costs of litigating against the United States when the government took a position that was not justified by the facts of the case or the applicable law. Often the costs to individuals of challenging government action can be overwhelming. Section 2412 of Title 28 of the United States Code provides a method to sanction the government for maintaining an untenable litigation position, and provides compensation to those individuals and attorneys who either challenge that position or are forced to defend themselves against unjustified agency action. By allowing a decision to contest government action to be based on the merits of the case rather than the costs of litigation, § 2412 helps assure that administrative decisions reflect informed deliberation. H.R.Rep. No. 1418, 96th Cong., 2nd Sess. 12 (1980), U.S.Code Cong. & Admin. News 1980 pp. 4953, 4991.

The EAJA provides for an award of attorney’s fees and expenses to a prevailing party, other than the United States, “unless the court finds that the position of the United States was substantially justified or that special circumstances make an award unjust.” 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(A). It is undisputed that claimant was the prevailing party in the main action. However, the United States claims that its position was substantially justified, and therefore, that claimant is not entitled to attorney’s fees and expenses. The court must disagree.

Factual Background

The facts of the case are fully set forth in this court’s order of January 25, 1988 granting claimant’s motion for summary judgment. For purposes of this motion the court will briefly summarize the relevant facts.

Based on a telephone call from a confidential informant, the Immigration and Naturalization Service (the “INS”) discovered that a number of undocumented (illegal) aliens were working at the El Toro Meat Market in Atlanta, Georgia. An INS agent observed the flow of people at the market on two consecutive days and suspected that two individuals who arrived at the market by way of a white Chevrolet truck were illegal aliens. Two INS agents approached the individuals as they were leaving the truck on the morning of February 26, 1986. The driver, Jose Jesus Macias-Coranado, presented the agents with his valid green card. The passenger, Salvador Alvarez-Leon, informed the agents that he had recently come from Mexico and had no documents permitting him to be in the United States legally.

The driver and passenger were then taken into custody, and the truck was seized. At the time of the February 26, 1986 seizure of the defendant truck, the driver had driven Alvarez-Leon to work at the Meat Market from his apartment for the ten days Alvarez-Leon had been employed at El Toro. Martin Macias, the claimant in this action is the owner of the defendant truck and of the El Toro Meat market. He is the brother of Jose Jesus Macias Corana-[216]*216do the driver of the vehicle at the time of the seizure.

Plaintiff, the United States, then sought forfeiture of the vehicle under 8 U.S.C. § 1824(b). Forfeiture was denied by order of this court granting claimant’s motion for summary judgment.

Substantial Justification

The government bears the burden of showing that its litigation position was substantially justified. Haitian Refugee Center v. Meese, 791 F.2d 1489 (11th Cir.1986); White v. United States, 740 F.2d 836 (11th Cir.1984). The standard for determining substantial justification is one of reasonableness. The government must show that its case had, “a reasonable basis in both law and fact.” Haitian Refugee Center, 791 F.2d at 1497; White,

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701 F. Supp. 213, 1988 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14017, 1988 WL 134632, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-one-1984-chevrolet-truck-gand-1988.