United States v. Michael Samojla

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
DecidedJanuary 25, 2013
Docket12-2105
StatusUnpublished

This text of United States v. Michael Samojla (United States v. Michael Samojla) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Michael Samojla, (7th Cir. 2013).

Opinion

NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION To be cited only in accordance with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1

United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit Chicago, Illinois 60604

Argued November 30, 2012 Decided January 25, 2013

Before

WILLIAM J. BAUER, Circuit Judge

ILANA DIAMOND ROVNER, Circuit Judge

ANN CLAIRE WILLIAMS, Circuit Judge

No. 12‐2105

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Appeal from the United States Plaintiff‐Appellee, District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. v. No. 1:10‐cr‐00027‐2 MICHAEL SAMOJLA, Defendant‐Appellant. John F. Grady, Judge.

O R D E R

Michael Samojla was part of a scheme to defraud Coldwell Banker that involved submitting invoices and receiving payments for work that had never been performed. He pleaded guilty to wire fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1343, and the district court sentenced him to 84 months’ imprisonment. On appeal, Samojla challenges the district court’s application of two sentencing enhancements to his base offense level under U.S.S.G. §§ 3B1.1(a) and 3C1.1. Finding no error, we affirm. No. 12‐2105 Page 2

In 1999, Samojla worked at his parents’ medical inventory business. That year, he and his friend Douglas Volkman came up with a plan to defraud Volkman’s employer, Coldwell Banker. Volkman worked as a financial manager at Coldwell Banker’s office in Des Plaines, Illinois. As a financial manager, Volkman reviewed invoices submitted to Coldwell Banker by third‐party vendor companies that provided goods or services to Coldwell Banker, and approved them for payment. Samojla and Volkman devised a scheme to create sham vendor companies—the companies would not actually perform any services or provide any goods—that would submit fraudulent invoices to Coldwell Banker, and Volkman would use his position to approve those invoices. Samojla and Volkman agreed that Volkman would recruit others to create the sham businesses.

Around that time, Samojla approached an employee of his parents’ company, Beverly Zeitz, who had complained to Samojla about her financial problems. Samojla explained the scheme to Zeitz and asked if she wanted to join. Zeitz accepted, and Samojla told her to create a fictitious marketing company and provide him with the name and taxpayer identification number for the company. Samojla explained that he would provide that information to his friend who worked at Coldwell Banker. Samojla told Zeitz that when she received a check from Coldwell Banker, she was to cash the check, keep 25% for herself, and return the rest in two envelopes (50% of the total in one for Volkman, and the remaining 25% in the other for Samojla).

Zeitz and her husband formed “Z Designs” and provided the information to Samojla, who passed it on to Volkman. Volkman then began creating phony invoices for “Z Designs” and approving them for payments. Samojla usually delivered the checks to Zeitz or her husband, who cashed the checks, took the Zeitz’s share, and returned the remaining money to Samojla in two envelopes. Sometimes Volkman would deliver the checks and receive the proceeds from Zeitz.

Volkman created false invoices for “Z Designs” from September 1999 through June 2004; Coldwell Banker checks totaling $883,264 were issued to “Z Designs.”

In 2000, Zeitz asked Samojla if her sister could join the scheme; Samojla agreed. Zeitz’s sister and her sister’s husband created “A&B Graphics,” and Volkman began creating and approving sham invoices for “A&B Graphics.” The money was apportioned as Samojla had previously instructed Zeitz: Zeitz’s sister received 25% of the funds, and the remainder was returned to Samojla, who received 25%, and Volkman, who received 50%. Zeitz usually delivered the checks to her sister and returned the remaining funds to Samojla. False invoices were created for “A&B Graphics” from January 2000 to December 2002, and “A&B Graphics” received checks totaling $597,320. No. 12‐2105 Page 3

In 2003, Samojla recruited Anthony Palermo to join the scheme. Together, Samojla and Palermo created two additional sham companies, “AJP Enterprises, Inc.” and “MSAP Services, Inc.” Samojla relayed the companies’ information to Volkman, who created and approved fraudulent invoices for the companies. Samojla or Palermo picked up the checks and deposited them in the sham companies’ respective bank accounts. The proceeds, which were received by way of payroll checks from the companies, were divided in the same way as in the past: Volkman received 50%, Samojla received 25%, and Palermo received 25%.

Volkman created and approved false invoices for “AJP Enterprises” from January 2003 to December 2006; payments to “AJP Enterprises” totaled $1,709,871. “MSAP Services” received a total of $2,805,726 for fraudulent invoices created between January 2003 and November 2007.

In December 2007, Samojla learned that Volkman had been arrested for stabbing the CFO of Coldwell Banker, which, unsurprisingly, brought the scheme to an end. By this point, the total amount of fraud against Coldwell Banker was $5,996,181; Volkman had received about $2,998,090.50; Samojla had received about $1,499,0425.25; and Palermo had received about $1,128,899.25.

In May 2008, Samojla and Palermo received a grand jury subpoena requesting corporate records for “AJP Enterprises” and “MSAP Services,” including articles of incorporation and meeting minutes. As there were no actual meeting minutes for “AJP Enterprises” and “MSAP Services,” Palermo bought a book on writing corporate minutes and drafted fake “minutes.” Samojla reviewed the fake minutes and produced them to the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

On January 12, 2010, a grand jury returned an indictment charging Samojla and others involved in the scheme with wire fraud. Samojla pleaded guilty to one count of wire fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1343, on October 19, 2011. The presentence investigation report (“PSR”) recommended a total offense level of 28 points, resulting in part from two enhancements objected to by Samojla: a four‐level enhancement for Samojla’s role in the offense as a “leader or organizer” under U.S.S.G. § 3B1.1(a), and a two‐level enhancement under U.S.S.G. § 3C1.1 for obstructing justice by submitting the fabricated corporate minutes to the FBI. The district court overruled Samojla’s objections and sentenced him to 84 months’ imprisonment and three years of supervised release. Samojla timely appealed, and he now challenges the district court’s application of U.S.S.G. §§ 3B1.1(a) and 3C1.1 to his sentence.

We review de novo the interpretation and application of the Sentencing Guidelines, and factual findings for clear error. United States v. Rollins, 544 F.3d 820, 837 (7th Cir. 2008) (citations omitted). Whether a defendant exercised a leadership or managerial role in the charged offense is a determination that we review for clear error. United States v. Johnson, 489 No. 12‐2105 Page 4

F.3d 794, 796 (7th Cir. 2007). We also review a district court’s factual findings in support of an obstruction of justice enhancement under the clearly erroneous standard. United States v. Strode, 552 F.3d 630, 635 (7th Cir. 2009). “We will disturb the district court’s findings as clearly erroneous only if our review of the record leaves us with the definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been committed.” United States v. Selvie, 

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Bluebook (online)
United States v. Michael Samojla, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-michael-samojla-ca7-2013.