United States v. Jontez McLeod

• Court: Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
• Decided: December 18, 2023
• Docket: 22-4189
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

USCA4 Appeal: 22-4189 Doc: 30 Filed: 12/18/2023 Pg: 1 of 4

UNPUBLISHED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT

No. 22-4189

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

Plaintiff - Appellee,

v.

JONTEZ XAVIER MCLEOD,

Defendant - Appellant.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of North Carolina, at Charlotte. Frank D. Whitney, District Judge. (3:20-cr-00156-FDW-DSC-2)

Submitted: November 30, 2023 Decided: December 18, 2023

Before NIEMEYER and WYNN, Circuit Judges, and KEENAN, Senior Circuit Judge.

Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.

ON BRIEF: Sandra Barrett, Hendersonville, North Carolina, for Appellant. Dena J. King, United States Attorney, Elizabeth M. Greenough, Assistant United States Attorney, OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES ATTORNEY, Charlotte, North Carolina, for Appellee.

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PER CURIAM:

Jontez Xavier McLeod appeals his convictions and 141-month sentence imposed

after his guilty plea to carjacking and aiding and abetting, in violation of 18 U.S.C.

§§ 2119, 2; and brandishing a firearm during and in relation to, and in furtherance of, a

crime of violence and aiding and abetting, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 924(c)(1)(A)(ii), 2.

On appeal, McLeod argues that (1) there was insufficient evidence to prove that he knew

his codefendant planned to brandish a firearm during the carjacking; and (2) the district

court abused its discretion in denying his motion for a downward variance. We affirm.

Because McLeod pled guilty, he has waived his challenge to the sufficiency of the

evidence. See United States v. Gosselin World Wide Moving, N.V., 411 F.3d 502, 515 (4th

Cir. 2005) (“A voluntary and intelligent plea of guilty is an admission of all the elements

of a formal criminal charge. A defendant who pleads guilty therefore admits all of the

factual allegations made in the indictment, and waives all non-jurisdictional defects,

including the right to contest the factual merits of the charges.” (internal citations and

quotation marks omitted)). Accordingly, we affirm McLeod’s convictions.

We therefore turn to McLeod’s arguments regarding his sentence. We “‘review all

sentences—whether inside, just outside, or significantly outside the Guidelines range—

under a deferential abuse-of-discretion standard.’” United States v. Torres-Reyes, 952 F.3d

147, 151 (4th Cir. 2020) (quoting Gall v. United States, 552 U.S. 38, 41 (2007) (alteration

omitted)). “First, we ensure that the district court committed no significant procedural

error, such as failing to calculate (or improperly calculating) the Guidelines range, treating

the Guidelines as mandatory, failing to consider the [18 U.S.C.] § 3553(a) factors, selecting

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a sentence based on clearly erroneous facts, or failing to adequately explain the chosen

sentence.” United States v. Fowler, 948 F.3d 663, 668 (4th Cir. 2020) (internal quotation

marks omitted)).

“If the sentence is procedurally sound, [we] then consider the substantive

reasonableness of the sentence, taking into account the totality of the circumstances.”

United States v. Provance, 944 F.3d 213, 218 (4th Cir. 2019) (internal quotation marks

omitted). A sentence must be “sufficient, but not greater than necessary,” to accomplish

the § 3553(a) sentencing goals. 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). “That said, district courts have

extremely broad discretion when determining the weight to be given each of the § 3553(a)

factors.” United States v. Nance, 957 F.3d 204, 215 (4th Cir. 2020) (internal quotation

marks omitted). Moreover, a sentence within a properly calculated Guidelines range is

presumptively substantively reasonable. United States v. Gillespie, 27 F.4th 934, 945 (4th

Cir. 2022). That “presumption can only be rebutted by showing that the sentence is

unreasonable when measured against the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) factors.” United States v.

Gutierrez, 963 F.3d 320, 344 (4th Cir. 2020).

We discern no procedural sentencing error by the district court. See Provance, 944

F.3d at 218. The district court conducted an individualized assessment of the facts and

arguments presented, considered the § 3553(a) factors, and applied them to McLeod’s case.

The court considered McLeod’s arguments for a lower sentence and adequately explained

the sentence imposed. Moreover, the court did not err in denying McLeod’s request for a

downward variance. In moving for a variance, defense counsel asked the district court to

consider McLeod’s medical history, the potential sentencing disparity between McLeod

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and his codefendant, and McLeod’s secondary role in the offense. In sentencing McLeod,

the district court stated that it was not inclined to vary below the Guidelines range and

explained its view of each of McLeod’s mitigating arguments in support of a variance.

This explanation showed that the court considered McLeod’s nonfrivolous arguments for

a variance but ultimately disagreed with McLeod that these factors warranted a sentence

below his Guidelines range. * Finally, McLeod fails to rebut the presumption that his 141-

month sentence at the bottom of the applicable Guidelines range is substantively

reasonable. See Louthian, 756 F.3d at 306.

Accordingly, we affirm the district court’s judgment. We dispense with oral

argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials

before this court and argument would not aid the decisional process.

AFFIRMED

* To the extent that McLeod challenges the district court’s failure to separately address his claim of overstated criminal history in denying his variance request, we discern no error. McLeod raised this issue only in his request for a downward departure. Furthermore, to the extent that McLeod’s mention of this issue amounts to a challenge to the district court’s denial of his departure motion made on this basis, this issue is not reviewable on appeal. See United States v. Louthian, 756 F.3d 295, 306 (4th Cir. 2014) (“We are unable . . . to review a sentencing court’s decision not to depart unless the court mistakenly believed that it lacked the authority to do so.”).