United States v. Fuller

421 F. App'x 642
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
DecidedMay 19, 2011
DocketNos. 10-3546, 10-3547
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 421 F. App'x 642 (United States v. Fuller) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States v. Fuller, 421 F. App'x 642 (7th Cir. 2011).

Opinion

ORDER

After a jury trial Montez Fuller was convicted of armed bank robbery, 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a), (d), and using a firearm during a crime of violence, id. § 924(c)(1 )(A)(ii). We upheld his convictions on direct appeal. United States v. Fuller, 306 Fed.Appx. 297 (7th Cir.2009). Fuller then moved in the district court for a new trial, see Fed.R.Crim.P. 33, and for the return of property seized when he was arrested, see Fed.R.Crim.P. 41(g). The district court denied both motions, and Fuller has filed an appeal from each decision, which we have consolidated. We affirm the denial of his motion for a new trial, but we vacate in part the order denying Fuller’s motion for the return of his property.

Fuller and his codefendants robbed two credit unions in southern Illinois in June 2006. Soon after the second robbery, deputy United States marshals tracked Fuller to a hotel room in St. Louis, Missouri. They obtained a federal warrant to search the room for Fuller and another suspect, as well as for evidence of the robberies. When they executed the warrant, the marshals were accompanied by local police officers from Alton, Illinois, where one of the credit unions is located. Fuller was in the room, as was $4,100 in currency. That money was seized along with several items of “gold colored” jewelry, a watch, and six pairs of shoes. All of those items apparently were released to the Alton officers for use in prosecuting state charges, which were filed that same day.

Ten months later, after a federal grand jury had indicted Fuller for bank robbery, FBI agents went to the Alton Police Department to retrieve the money and personal property seized from Fuller’s hotel room. The shoes and watch and jewelry were handed over, but the currency had disappeared from the department’s evidence vault. Federal prosecutors disclosed this theft to Fuller before trial. They also told Fuller that the only suspect was Mickey Dooley, an Alton police officer who was present in the hotel room and also served as one of the department’s evidence technicians and custodians. The prosecutor moved in limine to prevent Fuller from alerting the jury about the theft; the government argued that the information would not be relevant because it did not intend to call Dooley as a witness or introduce any evidence from the bank robberies or hotel room that he alone processed. Fuller’s attorney opposed the motion but was unable to provide the district court with a theory making Dooley’s alleged theft relevant to his client’s trial. No evidence about the theft was presented at Fuller’s trial.

About a year after Fuller’s trial, Dooley was convicted of stealing the $4,100 from the evidence vault. Fuller then filed his pro se motion for a new trial, arguing that [645]*645Dooley’s conviction was newly discovered evidence that undermined his own convictions. He also asserted that the government suppressed exculpatory evidence, see Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83, 83 S.Ct. 1194, 10 L.Ed.2d 215 (1963), by not informing him that the credit unions had been robbed again in June and July 2007 by unrelated suspects. The district court denied this Rule 33 motion as untimely. The court concluded that Fuller’s motion did not present any new evidence because he knew about the Dooley investigation before trial and, at the very least, should have known about the other robberies. Thus, the court reasoned, Fuller’s motion should have been filed within the seven-day deadline that governed Rule 33 motions premised on a ground other than newly discovered evidence. See Fed. R.CrimP. 33(b)(2) (2005). And even if the motion was timely, the court continued, Dooley’s guilt was not material to Fuller’s convictions and would not warrant a new trial.

Meanwhile, the $4,100 apparently was never recovered, and a year after the Supreme Court had denied review of our decision affirming Fuller’s convictions, the government still had not returned, or done anything else, with the jewelry, watch, or six pairs of shoes. So Fuller filed his Rule 41 motion demanding the return of the money and personal property. The district court denied the motion based upon the government’s representation that the property was subject to forfeiture and that it planned to apply the proceeds toward the $58,000 that Fuller owes in restitution.

We start with Fuller’s challenge to the denial of his Rule 33 motion. He argues that Dooley’s conviction is newly discovered evidence because at the time of trial he knew only that Dooley was accused of stealing money, not that he was guilty. Fuller also insists that the government used evidence processed by Dooley at trial. As an initial matter, we agree with the district court that Dooley’s theft is not new evidence, so Fuller’s motion is untimely. The government had informed Fuller and his attorney before trial that money had been stolen from the evidence vault and that Dooley was the only suspect. Dooley’s theft was irrelevant to the charges of bank robbery for which Fuller was tried, and Dooley’s eventual conviction did not inject significance into the previously disclosed theft. Fuller’s citation to United States v. Robinson, 627 F.3d 941 (4th Cir.2010), does not disrupt our conclusion. Moreover, contrary to Fuller’s assertion, the government did not submit evidence handled by Dooley. Because Dooley’s guilt is immaterial to Fuller’s convictions, the district court did not abuse its discretion in denying Fuller’s motion for a new trial. See United States v. Ryan, 213 F.3d 347, 351-52 (7th Cir.2000).

Fuller also argues that the government committed a Brady violation by not affirmatively telling him that the credit unions had been robbed again by others. This claim is frivolous because Fuller would have known that information by reading the local newspaper. Regardless, a Brady claim is not an appropriate ground for a Rule 33 motion because it constitutes a collateral attack on a conviction that must be brought in a motion under 28 U.S.C. § 2255. United States v. Evans, 224 F.3d 670, 674 (7th Cir.2000). Fuller explicitly told the district court that he did not want his motion for a new trial to be construed as a motion under § 2255, so the district court should not have addressed the merits of this claim. See Henderson v. United States, 264 F.3d 709, 710 (7th Cir.2001).

We now turn to the denial of Fuller’s motion under Rule 41(g). Fuller argues primarily that he is entitled to the property because the government never [646]*646moved for its forfeiture and did not establish a nexus between the items and the bank robberies. Although the government has not run out of time to initiate a judicial forfeiture, see 18 U.S.C. § 981(d); 19 U.S.C.

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421 F. App'x 642, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-v-fuller-ca7-2011.