MEMORANDUM DECISION Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), FILED this Memorandum Decision shall not be Jun 23 2020, 10:31 am regarded as precedent or cited before any CLERK court except for the purpose of establishing Indiana Supreme Court Court of Appeals the defense of res judicata, collateral and Tax Court
estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE Zachary A. Witte Curtis T. Hill, Jr. David A. Felts Attorney General of Indiana Locke & Witte Fort Wayne, Indiana Courtney Staton Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
Tyrell D. Morris, June 23, 2020 Appellant-Defendant, Court of Appeals Case No. 19A-CR-3072 v. Appeal from the Allen Superior Court State of Indiana, The Honorable David M. Zent, Appellee-Plaintiff. Judge Trial Court Cause No. 02D06-1906-F5-178
Brown, Judge.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-3072 | June 23, 2020 Page 1 of 7 [1] Tyrell D. Morris appeals his conviction for domestic battery as a level 5 felony.
He claims the evidence is insufficient to sustain his conviction. We affirm.
Facts and Procedural History
[2] In June 2019, R.B. and her three-year-old son lived in a motel room in Allen
County, and R.B. was five months pregnant with Morris’s child. On June 11,
2019, Morris was at work, learned he had lost his job, and exchanged text
messages with R.B. who was at her place of employment. Morris went to
R.B.’s workplace, picked up the key to her motel room, and went to the motel.
After work, R.B. picked up her son from daycare, picked up Morris from the
motel, went to a liquor store where they purchased vodka, and returned to the
motel room. Morris and R.B. started to prepare dinner, and Morris drank
vodka.
[3] At some point, the power went out, and Morris and R.B. went outside to see if
anyone knew why. R.B. went back in the room, sat on the bed, and started
eating. Morris had an angry demeanor. “Words were being exchanged,” and
Morris “knocked [the] plate of food out of [R.B.’s] hand and it went all over
[her].” Transcript Volume II at 18. Morris started to clean up the food. Morris
stood in the doorway smoking while R.B. was sitting on the bed “[u]p against
the wall” and R.B.’s son was in his bed watching YouTube videos. Id. at 20.
R.B. saw Morris “coming at [her]” or “charging at [her],” and “[o]ne leg was
on the floor, he grabbed [her] by [her] sides and was pressing into [her] belly as
he was throwing [her] into the wall.” Id. at 19. When he grabbed R.B.’s sides,
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-3072 | June 23, 2020 Page 2 of 7 Morris’s hands squeezed her, and he shoved her against the wall several times.
R.B.’s right hand struck the wall, which hurt. Morris left, and R.B. called 911.
[4] Fort Wayne Police Officer Anthony Maurer responded to the motel and, upon
his arrival, observed that R.B. was crying, visibly upset, appeared to be in pain,
“holding her left hand over her right hand, seemed to be favoring it,” and
appeared to have some swelling in her hand. Id. at 94. R.B. told Officer
Maurer that Morris had been drinking, became angry with her, and “shook her
[] into the . . . wall and the bed.” Id. at 95. Officer Maurer located Morris in
another room in the motel with two females and noticed the smell of alcohol on
his breath and that his speech seemed to be “a little bit slurred.” Id. at 96.
Morris told Officer Mauer there had been an argument regarding the fact he lost
his job and that he was told to leave the motel room. Another officer took
photographs of R.B. in the motel room. R.B.’s right hand became swollen and
bruised and her sides became bruised.
[5] The State charged Morris with: Count I, domestic battery resulting in bodily
injury to a pregnant person as a level 5 felony; and Count II, domestic battery in
the presence of a child less than sixteen years of age as a level 6 felony. The
State filed a notice of intent to seek an habitual offender enhancement. The
court held a bench trial at which it heard testimony from R.B., Officer Maurer,
and Morris. The court admitted text messages between Morris and R.B. on the
day of the altercation and photographs. Several of the text messages related to
Morris losing his job and whether he was involved with another woman.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-3072 | June 23, 2020 Page 3 of 7 [6] R.B. testified that her right hand hurt when it struck the wall and that it began
to swell and became black and blue. She also testified that she had a bruise on
each of her sides where Morris grabbed her, that the bruises appeared several
days later, and the bruised areas hurt. On cross-examination, R.B. indicated
she recalled telling Officer Maurer the altercation started because Morris “was
flipped out because he was buzzing.” Id. at 36. She testified that, in a later
interview with a detective, she stated the reason for the altercation was jealousy
and that, when the power went out, she went into the hall and there were other
gentlemen out there. When asked if she remembered telling a Department of
Child Services caseworker the reason for the altercation was that Morris lost his
job, she stated she did not remember. She testified that, when Morris knocked
the plate of food from her hand, she was sitting on the bed eating lasagna with
red sauce and that it went “[a]ll over [her] lap.” Id. at 40. She also indicated
she told the detective that Morris knocked over a nightstand during the
altercation. On redirect examination, she indicated that from what she
observed on June 11th, Morris was “buzzing,” was jealous, and lost his job. Id.
at 52.
[7] On cross-examination, defense counsel asked Officer Mauer if he saw any food
stains, red sauce, a broken nightstand, or damage to any walls in the
photographs, and Officer Maurer replied that he did not. When asked if he
would have photographed food stains, a broken plate, dents in the wall, or a
broken nightstand if he had noticed them, Officer Maurer replied affirmatively.
Morris testified that he did not grab or shake R.B. on June 11, 2019. On cross-
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-3072 | June 23, 2020 Page 4 of 7 examination, he indicated R.B. was pregnant with his baby and that, on June
11th, he knew she was pregnant. The court found Morris guilty as charged and
that he was an habitual offender. The court entered judgment on Count I, did
not enter judgment on Count II, and sentenced him to five years with two years
suspended to probation under Count I. The court enhanced his sentence by
four years for being an habitual offender.
Discussion
[8] When reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence to support a conviction,
appellate courts must consider only the probative evidence and reasonable
inferences supporting the verdict. Drane v. State, 867 N.E.2d 144, 146 (Ind.
2007). It is the factfinder’s role, not that of appellate courts, to assess witness
credibility and weigh the evidence to determine whether it is sufficient to
support a conviction. Id. We consider the evidence most favorable to the trial
court’s ruling. Id. We will affirm unless no reasonable factfinder could find the
elements of the crime proven beyond a reasonable doubt. Id. The evidence is
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MEMORANDUM DECISION Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), FILED this Memorandum Decision shall not be Jun 23 2020, 10:31 am regarded as precedent or cited before any CLERK court except for the purpose of establishing Indiana Supreme Court Court of Appeals the defense of res judicata, collateral and Tax Court
estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE Zachary A. Witte Curtis T. Hill, Jr. David A. Felts Attorney General of Indiana Locke & Witte Fort Wayne, Indiana Courtney Staton Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
Tyrell D. Morris, June 23, 2020 Appellant-Defendant, Court of Appeals Case No. 19A-CR-3072 v. Appeal from the Allen Superior Court State of Indiana, The Honorable David M. Zent, Appellee-Plaintiff. Judge Trial Court Cause No. 02D06-1906-F5-178
Brown, Judge.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-3072 | June 23, 2020 Page 1 of 7 [1] Tyrell D. Morris appeals his conviction for domestic battery as a level 5 felony.
He claims the evidence is insufficient to sustain his conviction. We affirm.
Facts and Procedural History
[2] In June 2019, R.B. and her three-year-old son lived in a motel room in Allen
County, and R.B. was five months pregnant with Morris’s child. On June 11,
2019, Morris was at work, learned he had lost his job, and exchanged text
messages with R.B. who was at her place of employment. Morris went to
R.B.’s workplace, picked up the key to her motel room, and went to the motel.
After work, R.B. picked up her son from daycare, picked up Morris from the
motel, went to a liquor store where they purchased vodka, and returned to the
motel room. Morris and R.B. started to prepare dinner, and Morris drank
vodka.
[3] At some point, the power went out, and Morris and R.B. went outside to see if
anyone knew why. R.B. went back in the room, sat on the bed, and started
eating. Morris had an angry demeanor. “Words were being exchanged,” and
Morris “knocked [the] plate of food out of [R.B.’s] hand and it went all over
[her].” Transcript Volume II at 18. Morris started to clean up the food. Morris
stood in the doorway smoking while R.B. was sitting on the bed “[u]p against
the wall” and R.B.’s son was in his bed watching YouTube videos. Id. at 20.
R.B. saw Morris “coming at [her]” or “charging at [her],” and “[o]ne leg was
on the floor, he grabbed [her] by [her] sides and was pressing into [her] belly as
he was throwing [her] into the wall.” Id. at 19. When he grabbed R.B.’s sides,
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-3072 | June 23, 2020 Page 2 of 7 Morris’s hands squeezed her, and he shoved her against the wall several times.
R.B.’s right hand struck the wall, which hurt. Morris left, and R.B. called 911.
[4] Fort Wayne Police Officer Anthony Maurer responded to the motel and, upon
his arrival, observed that R.B. was crying, visibly upset, appeared to be in pain,
“holding her left hand over her right hand, seemed to be favoring it,” and
appeared to have some swelling in her hand. Id. at 94. R.B. told Officer
Maurer that Morris had been drinking, became angry with her, and “shook her
[] into the . . . wall and the bed.” Id. at 95. Officer Maurer located Morris in
another room in the motel with two females and noticed the smell of alcohol on
his breath and that his speech seemed to be “a little bit slurred.” Id. at 96.
Morris told Officer Mauer there had been an argument regarding the fact he lost
his job and that he was told to leave the motel room. Another officer took
photographs of R.B. in the motel room. R.B.’s right hand became swollen and
bruised and her sides became bruised.
[5] The State charged Morris with: Count I, domestic battery resulting in bodily
injury to a pregnant person as a level 5 felony; and Count II, domestic battery in
the presence of a child less than sixteen years of age as a level 6 felony. The
State filed a notice of intent to seek an habitual offender enhancement. The
court held a bench trial at which it heard testimony from R.B., Officer Maurer,
and Morris. The court admitted text messages between Morris and R.B. on the
day of the altercation and photographs. Several of the text messages related to
Morris losing his job and whether he was involved with another woman.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-3072 | June 23, 2020 Page 3 of 7 [6] R.B. testified that her right hand hurt when it struck the wall and that it began
to swell and became black and blue. She also testified that she had a bruise on
each of her sides where Morris grabbed her, that the bruises appeared several
days later, and the bruised areas hurt. On cross-examination, R.B. indicated
she recalled telling Officer Maurer the altercation started because Morris “was
flipped out because he was buzzing.” Id. at 36. She testified that, in a later
interview with a detective, she stated the reason for the altercation was jealousy
and that, when the power went out, she went into the hall and there were other
gentlemen out there. When asked if she remembered telling a Department of
Child Services caseworker the reason for the altercation was that Morris lost his
job, she stated she did not remember. She testified that, when Morris knocked
the plate of food from her hand, she was sitting on the bed eating lasagna with
red sauce and that it went “[a]ll over [her] lap.” Id. at 40. She also indicated
she told the detective that Morris knocked over a nightstand during the
altercation. On redirect examination, she indicated that from what she
observed on June 11th, Morris was “buzzing,” was jealous, and lost his job. Id.
at 52.
[7] On cross-examination, defense counsel asked Officer Mauer if he saw any food
stains, red sauce, a broken nightstand, or damage to any walls in the
photographs, and Officer Maurer replied that he did not. When asked if he
would have photographed food stains, a broken plate, dents in the wall, or a
broken nightstand if he had noticed them, Officer Maurer replied affirmatively.
Morris testified that he did not grab or shake R.B. on June 11, 2019. On cross-
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-3072 | June 23, 2020 Page 4 of 7 examination, he indicated R.B. was pregnant with his baby and that, on June
11th, he knew she was pregnant. The court found Morris guilty as charged and
that he was an habitual offender. The court entered judgment on Count I, did
not enter judgment on Count II, and sentenced him to five years with two years
suspended to probation under Count I. The court enhanced his sentence by
four years for being an habitual offender.
Discussion
[8] When reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence to support a conviction,
appellate courts must consider only the probative evidence and reasonable
inferences supporting the verdict. Drane v. State, 867 N.E.2d 144, 146 (Ind.
2007). It is the factfinder’s role, not that of appellate courts, to assess witness
credibility and weigh the evidence to determine whether it is sufficient to
support a conviction. Id. We consider the evidence most favorable to the trial
court’s ruling. Id. We will affirm unless no reasonable factfinder could find the
elements of the crime proven beyond a reasonable doubt. Id. The evidence is
sufficient if an inference may reasonably be drawn from it to support the
verdict. Id. at 147.
[9] Morris asserts the evidence is insufficient to support his conviction. He argues
that R.B. claimed he threw a plate of red sauce on her and a nightstand was
broken during the altercation but that the photographs do not show any food
stains on her or on the bedding or any documentation of a broken nightstand.
He argues police did not document any damage to the wall. He also argues
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-3072 | June 23, 2020 Page 5 of 7 R.B. provided various motives for his behavior and failed to keep her story
straight.
[10] Ind. Code § 35-42-2-1.3 provides that a person who knowingly or intentionally
touches a family or household member in a rude, insolent, or angry manner
commits domestic battery and that the offense is a level 5 felony if the offense
results in bodily injury to a pregnant family or household member if the person
knew of the pregnancy. “Bodily injury” means “any impairment of physical
condition, including physical pain.” Ind. Code § 35-31.5-2-29. A particular
level of pain is not required in order to rise to the level of impairment of
physical condition; rather, physical pain is an impairment of physical condition.
Bailey v. State, 979 N.E.2d 133, 138 (Ind. 2012); see also Toney v. State, 961
N.E.2d 57, 60 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012) (all that is required to establish bodily injury
is that the victim experience any physical pain as a result of the defendant’s
actions and there is no requirement the pain be of any particular magnitude or
duration) (citation omitted). A person engages in conduct intentionally if,
when he engages in the conduct, it is his conscious objective to do so, and a
person engages in conduct knowingly if, when he engages in the conduct, he is
aware of a high probability that he is doing so. Ind. Code § 35-41-2-2.
[11] The record reveals that Morris and R.B. argued, and Morris knocked the plate
of food from R.B.’s hand. Morris then began to clean up the food. The record
further reveals that, at some point while R.B. was on the bed “[u]p against the
wall,” Morris “charg[ed]” at her with an angry demeanor, grabbed her by her
sides, and shoved or pressed her into the wall, and R.B.’s right hand struck the
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-3072 | June 23, 2020 Page 6 of 7 wall. Transcript Volume II at 19-20. R.B. testified that, when he grabbed her
sides, Morris squeezed her and shoved her against the wall several times. She
testified that her hand hurt when it struck the wall, that her hand became
swollen and bruised, and that her sides hurt and became bruised. Morris
testified he knew R.B. was pregnant. Several admitted photographs depict R.B.
and part of the motel room, bed, and wall, and to the extent the photographs do
not clearly depict food stains on R.B. or the bed or a nightstand, R.B. referred
to Morris cleaning up the spilled food, and the photographs do not show the
entire motel room and do not establish that food was not spilled or that a
nightstand was not knocked over or broken. Further, the court heard evidence
regarding Morris’s demeanor and the possible reasons for the altercation
including jealousy, that Morris had been drinking, and that he had lost his job.
This Court will not assess the credibility of witnesses or reweigh the evidence.
See Drane, 867 N.E.2d at 146. Based upon the record, we conclude the State
presented evidence of a probative nature from which a trier of fact could find
beyond a reasonable doubt that Morris committed the crime of domestic battery
as a level 5 felony.
[12] For the foregoing reasons, we affirm Morris’s conviction.
[13] Affirmed.
Najam, J., and Kirsch, J., concur.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-3072 | June 23, 2020 Page 7 of 7