Traders & General Ins. Co. v. Davis

209 S.W.2d 963, 1947 Tex. App. LEXIS 1073
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedDecember 11, 1947
DocketNo. 4533
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 209 S.W.2d 963 (Traders & General Ins. Co. v. Davis) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Traders & General Ins. Co. v. Davis, 209 S.W.2d 963, 1947 Tex. App. LEXIS 1073 (Tex. Ct. App. 1947).

Opinions

SUTTON, Justice. ■

This is a workman’s compensation case and the appeal comes ' from the District Court of Crockett County.

The trial court submitted the case on a main charge of sixteen special issues and three requested issues by the insurance company. On the answers of the jury judgment was rendered for the plaintiff, Davis, from which the defendant insurance company has appealed.

In the course of the jury’s deliberations the court deemed it advisable to submit supplemental instructions. This action' on the part of the court is the basis, of four points and complaints by the defendant. Five other points are briefed on the admission of testimony. They will be made to appear in more detail in the course of the discussion.

The jury found, insofar as material to this consideration in response to special issues as indicated:

1. That plaintiff sustained an accidental injury to his body on or.about January 20, 1946; (2) ‘ that it was sustained in the [965]*965course of his employment; (3) that it resulted in disability; (4) that it was a permanent disability; (5) that it was a total disability; (6) that such total disability began on January 20, 1946; (7) that the duration of the total disability is permanent ; (8) that such disability is not partial.

In its first tender of a verdict to the court the jury had answered as above indicated, except they had answered special issue No. 7 that the duration, of the total disability is “indefinite” and in response to No. 8 that he had or would suffer partial disability, or “yes.” They further answered No. 9 that such partial disability began on January 20, 1946; 10, that the duration of such partial disability is “Indefinite”; and 11, that the extent thereof was “100%.”

The court thereupon instructed the jury in writing that the answers as then given to 6 and 9 were in conflict because one could not suffer total disability and partial disability at the same time, and further that the answers to 8 and 11 were in conflict also and directed they should retire for further deliberations. The defendant objected and excepted but makes no complaint of that action here.

The jury then retired and later- came into court and tendered their verdict a' second time. The answers to all issues remained the same, except the answers to 8, 9, 10 and 11 had been deleted and they were tendered unanswered. In the then condition of the verdict, because of the continuing affirmative answer to No. 3, the verdict was incomplete and the court deemed it necessary to have an answer to No. 8, and instructed the jury:

“Under the charge of the court and Special Issues you are required to answer Special Issue No. 8. You will retire for further deliberations.”

To this action of the court the defendant objected and excepted and here presents the point the court erred in so instructing the jury, “such instruction ignoring Special Issue No. 9 (beginning date of partial disability), No. 10 (duration of partial disability) and No. 11 (percentage of partial disability) each of which last three issues contained preliminary instructions to the jury ‘if you have answered Special Issue No. 8 “No” then you will not answer this issue but if you have answered Special Issue No. 8 “Yes” thén you .will answer (this issue).’ ”

The jury, under the instruction last noted, retired again and after deliberating returned into court again and submitted their verdict, with issue No. 8 answered “No.” The court thereupon instructed the jury further that he did not consider their answer to Special Issue No. 7 responsive; that in making their answer to' Special Issue No. 7 that if they found from a preponderance of the evidence that such disability, if any, is limited to a particular time, then state that time, but if they found from a preponderance of the evidence that such disability, if any, is not limited to á particular time, then answer “Permanent.”' The answer was then “Permanent” and the verdict accepted. To the action of the court in giving this last instruction the defendant objected and excepted on the grounds, briefly, that the court was “cajoling the jury to change its answer to No. 7 and.to return an answer which it may be easily foreseen will be for the plaintiff Davis under this seductive influence, to-wit: ‘permanent’”; that the instruction was a comment on the weight of the evidence because it unduly stresses the matter of a particular time, “and in. view of the fact that the evidence regarding duration did not show any particular time or date,, it amounts virtually to telling the jury to return the answer Permanent”; because if the court regarded the answer “Indefinite”' not responsive, the jury should have been so instructed when it was first told its answers were ■ in conflict, and because in thus dividing such instructions and in securing the answers to 6, 8, 9 and 11 before calling on them to reconsider their answers to No. 7 was not to' aid the jury but the plaintiff and the effect is to destroy the orderly sequence of the trial and to secure favorable answers for the plaintiff; that the instruction does more than to call the attention of the jury to the non-responsive answer but tells them how to make their an-, swer; because the court substitutes himself for the jury and is a coercion of the jury; and because the answer “indefinite” .is re[966]*966sponsive to the issue and the court not authorized to have the jury reconsider; that such answer is that plaintiff has not met the burden of proof by showing by a preponderance of the evidence the length or duration of permanent disability.

At the same time the defendant moved the court to declare a mistrial based on all the grounds set out in its objections and exceptions aforesaid, because it is impossible to have a fair verdict, or in- fact the jury’s actual and real verdict.

Based upon the procedure just related the defendant presents three points to the effect (1) that the court erred in giving the instruction with respect to No. 7; (2) in holding the answer “indefinite” is not responsive and in requiring the jury to reconsider its answer to said issue; and (3) in refusing to grant its motion for a mistrial instead of sending the jury back to reconsider its answer “Indefinite” to No. 7 and in requiring the jury to reconsider its answer thereto.

We think the point based on the action of the Court in requiring the jury to answer Special Issue No. 8 cannot be sustained. The only answer ever made to Issue No. 3 was an affirmative one, which was contained in the answers the first time the verdict was tendered and continued therqin until the verdict was finally accepted. The court in the action had merely told the jury to do what the original charge required of it abqut which there was no sort of complaint.

We likewise regard the points presented in connection with the action had in respect to Issue No. 7 not well taken. The defendant says the answer “Indefinite” is responsive but means the burden of proof had not been met and the jury were unable to fix the length of time, or duration of the disability, from the testimony and that a mistrial should have been declared. The requirement of the issue was to fix the time or duration, and it did that by answering it to be indefinite. It is thought Issue No. 7 was a repetition and not necessary, but nevertheless the answer first made by the jury responsive. It is the rule where the verdict is susceptible of the construction the verdict must be construed as a whole and when it may be reasonably done seeming conflicts harmonized. Traders & General Ins.

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Bluebook (online)
209 S.W.2d 963, 1947 Tex. App. LEXIS 1073, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/traders-general-ins-co-v-davis-texapp-1947.