Town of Hull v. Massachusetts Commission Against Discrimination

893 N.E.2d 66, 72 Mass. App. Ct. 525, 104 Fair Empl. Prac. Cas. (BNA) 811, 21 Am. Disabilities Cas. (BNA) 173, 2008 Mass. App. LEXIS 917
CourtMassachusetts Appeals Court
DecidedSeptember 3, 2008
DocketNo. 07-P-478
StatusPublished

This text of 893 N.E.2d 66 (Town of Hull v. Massachusetts Commission Against Discrimination) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Massachusetts Appeals Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Town of Hull v. Massachusetts Commission Against Discrimination, 893 N.E.2d 66, 72 Mass. App. Ct. 525, 104 Fair Empl. Prac. Cas. (BNA) 811, 21 Am. Disabilities Cas. (BNA) 173, 2008 Mass. App. LEXIS 917 (Mass. Ct. App. 2008).

Opinion

Armstrong, J.

The town of Hull (town) appeals from a judgment affirming a decision of the Massachusetts Commission Against Discrimination (commission). The commission found that the town discriminated against defendant Donald Gillis on the basis of age and handicap in violation of G. L. c. 151B, § 4, when it failed to reinstate him as a firefighter upon his return from disability retirement. The commission awarded Gillis $63,106.47 in damages for lost wages, $50,000 in damages for emotional distress, and $61,212.28 in attorney’s fees and costs, and further ordered the town to pay $94,760.02 to the Hull Retirement Board (board), in repayment of the retirement benefits the board had paid to Gillis after the town’s discriminatory act.

The town claims that the commission’s decision is based on errors of law and is not supported by substantial evidence. See G. L. c. 30A, § 14(7)(c), (e). For reasons we explain below, we affirm the lost income and emotional distress damage awards and accompanying attorney’s fees, but conclude that the commission erred in ordering reimbursement of disability income benefits paid by the board.

Background. Gillis began work as a firefighter for the town in November, 1965. In 1985, he fell from a fire truck and was injured. Gillis was found disabled from returning to work and was put on disability retirement by the board.

In late 1994, when Gillis was approximately fifty-eight years [527]*527old, the board required Gillis to undergo a medical examination. See G. L. c. 32, § 8(1), as in effect prior to its amendment by St. 1996, c. 306, § 16 (the “1996 amendment”). The appointed physician reported that Gillis’s injury had resolved and that he now could perform firefighter duties. The board, in turn, requested the approval of the chief of Hull’s fire department for Gillis’s reinstatement, which was then required under G. L. c. 32, § 8(2). See Milton v. Personnel Administrator of the Dept. of Personnel Admn., 406 Mass. 818, 825-826 (1990). In a letter to the board, the fire chief refused his approval.

A hearing before the board followed in March, 1995, where Gillis asked the fire chief why he had refused to approve Gillis’s reinstatement. The chief responded, “I like you, Don, but I have to think of the town. I’ll get more bang for the buck by hiring a younger guy.” During this period, the commission’s hearing officer found, there were two vacant firefighter positions available, which the town filled with two men aged thirty-two and thirty.

Discussion. Many of the town’s arguments on appeal challenge determinations by the hearing officer that the fire chief’s testimony before the hearing officer was not credible. The hearing officer is the sole judge of the credibility of the witnesses appearing before her, and thus these arguments must fail. See School Comm. of Brockton v. Massachusetts Commn. Against Discrimination, 423 Mass. 7, 15 (1996). We address each of the town’s more substantial arguments in turn.

1. The commission’s authority to delegate public hearings to hearing officers. The town argues that the commission unlawfully delegated the public hearing in this case to a hearing officer, where the governing statute requires either the full commission or a single commissioner to conduct all public hearings. The town acknowledges that a regulation promulgated by the commission permits qualified hearing officers to conduct public hearings for the commission, see 804 Code Mass. Regs. § 1.21(1) (1998),2 but claims that this regulation exceeds the [528]*528commission’s statutory authority.3

General Laws c. 151B, § 3(6), inserted by St. 1971, c. 923, provides that “[t]he commission through its chairman may appoint a single commissioner to hold public hearings, as hereinafter provided, and to otherwise act on its behalf in connection therewith; provided, however, that a person aggrieved by the decision of said single commissioner may, within ten days of said decision, file an appeal for rehearing or review by the commission.” General Laws c. 6, § 56, as appearing in St. 1990, c. 150, § 194, provides that “[e]ach commissioner shall hold such hearings as are needed in the respective region, but each commissioner may also hold hearings in other regions.”

These provisions do not explicitly require that public hearings be conducted by only the full commission or a single commissioner. General Laws c. 151B, § 3(6), can be read as authorizing a single commissioner to hold public hearings, as contrasted with the entire commission. Likewise, G. L. c. 6, § 56, can be read as merely clarifying that commissioners are not restricted to their designated regions for purposes of holding public hearings. Neither provision expressly prohibits the commission from delegating public hearings to officials other than commissioners.

“An administrative agency has the authority to promulgate regulations giving effect to legislative mandates.” Massachusetts Fedn. of Teachers, AFT, AFL-CIO v. Board of Educ., 436 Mass. 763, 773 (2002). See id. at 773-774, and cases cited. “[T]he validity of a regulation . . . will be sustained so long as it is ‘reasonably related to the purposes of the enabling legislation.’ ” Consolidated Cigar Corp. v. Department of Pub. Health, [529]*529372 Mass. 844, 855 (1977), quoting from Mourning v. Family Publications Serv., Inc., 411 U.S. 356, 369 (1973).

Under its enabling statutes, the commission may “appoint such attorneys, clerks, and other employees and agents as it may deem necessary, . . . and prescribe their duties.” G. L. c. 151B, § 3(3), inserted by St. 1946, c. 368, § 4. Further, the Legislature has granted the commission the power to “adopt, promulgate, amend, and rescind rules and regulations suitable to carry out the provisions of [c. 151B], and the policies and practice of the commission in connection therewith.” G. L. c. 151B, § 3(5), inserted by St. 1946, c. 368, § 4.

The commission has only three commissioners. See G. L. c. 6, § 56. According to the commission’s brief, in the year 2000 (the year of the hearing officer’s decision in Gillis’s case), 4,000 cases were filed with the commission. The commission’s delegation to hearing officers of its duty to hold public hearings, subject to later review by the commission, effectuates the commission’s legislative mandate. The regulation is reasonably related to the purpose of c. 151B, which requires the holding of public hearings and the making of findings of fact in a large number of discrimination claims in pursuit of its purpose to implement the right to equal treatment guaranteed to all citizens. See Katz v. Massachusetts Commn. Against Discrimination, 365 Mass. 357, 366 (1974).

Both this court and the Supreme Judicial Court have routinely considered and affirmed many decisions of the commission where a hearing officer conducted the public hearing.4 Those cases illustrate that the practice of assigning hearing officers to conduct public hearings has been accepted without question over many years. Given the long acceptance of the practice and the deference we accord to the interpretation of its constituent law by the agency the Legislature authorized to execute the statutory policy, see Haines’s Case, 71 Mass. App. Ct. 845, 846

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893 N.E.2d 66, 72 Mass. App. Ct. 525, 104 Fair Empl. Prac. Cas. (BNA) 811, 21 Am. Disabilities Cas. (BNA) 173, 2008 Mass. App. LEXIS 917, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/town-of-hull-v-massachusetts-commission-against-discrimination-massappct-2008.