Tory v. State

686 So. 2d 689, 1996 WL 734615
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedDecember 26, 1996
Docket94-2085
StatusPublished
Cited by25 cases

This text of 686 So. 2d 689 (Tory v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Tory v. State, 686 So. 2d 689, 1996 WL 734615 (Fla. Ct. App. 1996).

Opinion

686 So.2d 689 (1996)

Traman D. TORY, Appellant,
v.
STATE of Florida, Appellee.

No. 94-2085.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.

December 26, 1996.

*690 Richard L. Jorandby, Public Defender, and Marcy K. Allen, Assistant Public Defender, West Palm Beach, for appellant.

Robert A. Butterworth, Attorney General, Tallahassee, and Patricia A. Ash, Assistant Attorney General, West Palm Beach, for appellee.

SHAHOOD, Judge.

Appellant, Traman D. Tory, pled no contest to charges of possession of cocaine, possession of less than 20 grams of cannabis, driving while license suspended, and possession of drug paraphernalia. Appellant raises a number of issues as to the sentence imposed: (1) that the written sentence does not comport with the trial court's oral pronouncement; (2) that certain conditions of drug offender probation imposed were not orally pronounced; (3) that section 948.01(13)(a), Florida Statutes (1993), establishing drug offender probation, is an unconstitutional delegation of legislative authority to an administrative agency; and (4) that the trial court erred in ordering him to pay the costs of prosecution.

As to appellant's first claim of error, the record indicates that on the charge of possession of cocaine the trial court orally pronounced sentence of two (2) months in the county jail followed by three and one-half *691 (3½) years drug offender probation. The court specifically stated:

All right. In count one sentence him to two months in jail jail [sic], credit for time served, followed by three and one half year[s] drug offender probation. In counts two, three and four sentence him to thirty days on each count to run concurrently with each other and concurrent with count one. The only probation to be for a year.

The written sentence, however, stated that appellant was to be "placed on drug probation for a period of one (1) year to be followed by two and one half (2½) years probation."

Appellee takes the position that the trial court's oral pronouncement was merely a "misstatement" and that the written sentence should prevail. However, where a written order does not conform to the court's oral pronouncement of judgment and sentence, the latter prevails. See Walls v. State, 596 So.2d 811, 812 (Fla. 4th DCA 1992); Tannihill v. State, 559 So.2d 608, 609 (Fla. 4th DCA 1990). Moreover, an oral pronouncement will most certainly prevail where the state concedes that the written sentence was in error. See Lester v. State, 563 So.2d 178, 179 (Fla. 5th DCA 1990). However, absent concession by the state, a conflict between the written order and the oral pronouncement requires a factual resolution by the trial court. Id.

In this case, appellee does not concede error. In fact, appellee maintains that both the oral and written orders demonstrate that the total amount of probation to be imposed was three and one half (3½) years. Likewise, appellee suggests that it is clear that the court intended a one (1) year term of probation on counts II, III, and IV.

Notwithstanding, given appellant's differing interpretation as to the trial court's intention, the oral pronouncement is ambiguous and does not provide a guide in which to reconcile the oral pronouncement with the written order. Most certainly, it is unclear as to which count the one (1) year term of probation applies.

Where the record demonstrates that during the oral pronouncement of sentence, the trial judge made inconsistent statements, the matter must be remanded to the trial court to clarify the sentence imposed and to enter such corrected sentencing orders as may be appropriate. See Gates v. State, 535 So.2d 359 (Fla. 4th DCA 1989); see also Jackson v. State, 615 So.2d 850 (Fla. 2d DCA 1993); Newton v. State, 603 So.2d 558 (Fla. 4th DCA 1992).

Appellant next contends that the trial court erred by imposing "standard conditions" of probation provided in section 948.03(1), and contained in the probation order, which were not orally pronounced at sentencing, because he was specifically placed on "drug offender" probation, pursuant to section 948.01(13)(a). Appellant challenges the following conditions which appear on the written order of drug offender probation:

(1) Not later than the fifth day of each month, you will make a full and truthful report to your Officer on the form provided for that purpose.
(2) You will pay to the State of Florida the amount of Fifty Dollars ($50.00) plus a 4% surcharge of Two Dollars ($2.00) per month toward the cost of your supervision unless otherwise waived in compliance with Florida Statutes.
(3) You will not change your residence or employment without or leave the county of your residence without first procuring the consent of your Officer.
(4) You will neither possess, carry or own any firearm, and you will not possess, carry or own any weapons without first procuring the consent of your Officer.
(5) You will live and remain at liberty without violating any law. A conviction in a court of law shall not be necessary in order for such a violation to constitute a violation of your probation.
(6) You will not use intoxicants to excess; nor will you visit places where intoxicants, drugs or other dangerous substances are unlawfully sold, dispensed or used.
(7) You will work diligently at a lawful occupation, inform you employer of your probationary status and support any dependents *692 to the best of you ability as direct by your Officer.
(8) You will promptly and truthfully answer all inquiries directed to you by the Court or your Officer, and allow your Officer to visit in you home, at your employment site or elsewhere, and you will comply with all instructions your officer may give you.
(9) You shall report in person within 72 hours of your release from confinement to the Probation and Parole Services office in VERO BEACH, INDIAN RIVER County, Florida unless otherwise instructed by your Officer.
(10) You will observe a curfew from 10:00 P.M. to 6:00 A.M. daily, unless give [sic] specific permission by your officer to leave your approved place of residence.
(12) You will undergo substance abuse treatment and/or education as directed by your Officer, which may include residential treatment, if deemed appropriate by your Officer.
(13) You will report to your Officer daily if not employed full-time or a full-time student.

Appellant contends that conditions (1) through (9) are patterned after the terms and conditions set forth in section 948.03, Florida Statutes (Supp.1994), which pertain to "probation" and "community control." He alleges that drug offender probation is separate and distinct from probation and community control since it is defined separately in section 948.001, Florida Statutes (1993), and, therefore, was required to be orally pronounced.

We reject this argument. As recognized by this court in Mosley v. State, 677 So.2d 27 (Fla. 4th DCA 1996), reh'g denied, (August 16, 1996):

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Bluebook (online)
686 So. 2d 689, 1996 WL 734615, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/tory-v-state-fladistctapp-1996.