Tocher v. State

501 S.W.2d 921, 1973 Tex. Crim. App. LEXIS 2118
CourtCourt of Criminal Appeals of Texas
DecidedNovember 28, 1973
Docket46568
StatusPublished
Cited by16 cases

This text of 501 S.W.2d 921 (Tocher v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Tocher v. State, 501 S.W.2d 921, 1973 Tex. Crim. App. LEXIS 2118 (Tex. 1973).

Opinions

OPINION

DALLY, Commissioner.

The conviction is for murder without malice; the punishment, two and one-half years’ imprisonment.

At approximately 1:00 p. m. on August 24, 1971, an officer of the El Paso Police Department responded to an “injured person report” at appellant’s home address. Appellant answered the front door and led the officer through the house and into the garage, where the body of her husband, Harry Tocher, was found lying between two automobiles. The officer determined that the man had been dead for some time. He observed several severe gashes and blood on the victim’s face and skull. Soon afterward a Justice of the Peace, acting as coroner, and an investigative unit of the El Paso Police Department arrived. Following several hours of investigation at the appellant’s residence, she was arrested [923]*923for the murder of Harry Tocher. In the course of the ten hour investigation several pieces of physical evidence were seized, and a number of photographs of the body and house were taken.

According to appellant’s confession, made and signed on the morning of August 25, 1971, and admitted in evidence at the trial, she had killed Tocher with a baseball bat after an argument, and later dragged the body into the garage. Her confession indicated that she had called the police herself to report the death.

Appellant complains in three grounds of error that five color photographs of the victim’s body which were not admitted in evidence were inadvertently taken to the jury room and seen by members of the jury. The photographs, depicting the body as it was found by police at the scene, were offered by the prosecutor early in the trial for purposes of the record only, and were admitted for such purposes. Defense counsel preserved his objection to admitting them in evidence for purposes other than the record.

The record contains what appears to be' a written question signed by the jury foreman, filed after the jury had retired to consider guilt or innocence, inquiring about inclusion of the photographs among the exhibits taken to the jury room. The record reflects neither an answer to the question nor any other action taken by the Court. Defense counsel at some later time dictated into the record a motion for mistrial based on inclusion of the photographs among the exhibits seen by the jury, but he did not present evidence in support of the motion.

A motion for new trial with a juror’s affidavit attached also appears in the record. If the allegations made therein had been proved the record might well have been perfected. However, the record does not reflect that the motion for new trial was presented to the trial court, that a hearing was had or any evidence produced on the motion, or that the Court ever ruled on the motion for new trial. Allegations in a motion for new trial do not prove themselves. Allsup v. State, 495 S.W.2d 238 (Tex.Cr.App.1973); Mackey v. State, 480 S.W.2d 720 (Tex.Cr.App.1972); Tsamouris v. State, 472 S.W.2d 141 (Tex.Cr.App.1971).1

Since the record does not by either an informal or a formal bill of exception or in any other way properly present and preserve the matter about which complaint is made, it is not before us for review.

In a separate ground of error appellant alleges that there was jury misconduct, since the jury discussed the effect of their verdict on the time appellant would serve. This ground is only supported by allegations in appellant’s motion for new trial, and by the attached affidavit of a juror. For the same reasons discussed in the preceding paragraph, this ground of error cannot be reviewed. Allsup v. State, supra; Mackey v. State, supra; Howard v. State, 383 S.W.2d 597 (Tex.Cr.App.1964).

Appellant says that the trial court erred in failing to suppress certain pieces of evidence. According to uncontroverted testimony, the evidence in question was all obtained during a period of approximately ten hours after police and a Justice of the Peace, acting as coroner, arrived at the appellant’s home, where they discovered the body. The evidence shows that appellant summoned the police, and voluntarily led the officer who arrived first to the body. After they had seen the body, the coroner and officers conducted an investigation. In a garbage can police found and seized some bloody rags, a milk carton, and a piece of plastic containing what appeared to be a mixture of blood and water. The [924]*924victim’s watch and eyeglasses, and a wallet were found in a bathroom of the house. These items were admitted in evidence at the trial as Exhibits 8 through 12, over appellant’s objection.

About five hours after the body was discovered, the same Justice of the Peace was called to the police station to administer a magistrate’s warning to the appellant, who by this time was under arrest. After administering the warning, the Justice of the Peace issued a search warrant for “weapons and other implements used in the murder of Harry Tocher.” Again acting as coroner, the Justice of the Peace proceeded back to the appellant’s residence, where officers then took eight photographs of various parts of the home. The photographs were admitted in evidence at the trial as Exhibits 13 through 20, again over appellant’s objection.

Appellant complains that Exhibits 8 through 12 were illegally obtained and should have been suppressed.

The officers were at the address and entered the house at the behest of appellant. She showed them the body voluntarily. The officers then began conducting an investigation. While the record is not clear on the point, it appears that one or more officers remained at the house during most or all of the ongoing ten-hour investigation. The items constituting State’s Exhibits 8 through 12 were found and seized during the early stages of the police investigation, before appellant was arrested. We hold that the search and seizure of these items was proper. Once the officers saw the body, showing signs of foul play, they had a right to conduct an on-the-spot investigation under the emergency exception the Fourth Amendment’s warrant requirement. See Corbett v. State, 493 S.W.2d 940 (Tex.Cr.App.1973) and Wayne v. United States, 115 U.S.App.D.C. 234, 318 F.2d 205 (1963).

There is a further justification for seizure of State’s Exhibits 8 through 12. Art.'** 49.23, Vernon’s Ann.C.C.P., reads:

“The justice shall preserve all evidence that may come to his knowledge and possessions which might in his opinion tend to show the real cause of death or the person who caused such death, and deliver all such evidence to the district clerk, who shall keep the same safely, subject to the order of the court.”

This provision authorizes just the kind of search made here. Parsons v. State, 160 Tex.Cr.R. 387, 271 S.W.2d 643 (1953), cert. den., 348 U.S. 837, 75 S.Ct. 36, 99 L.Ed. 660, is closely in point.

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Bluebook (online)
501 S.W.2d 921, 1973 Tex. Crim. App. LEXIS 2118, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/tocher-v-state-texcrimapp-1973.