Thompson v. Thompson

613 P.2d 289, 126 Ariz. 129, 1980 Ariz. App. LEXIS 485
CourtCourt of Appeals of Arizona
DecidedApril 16, 1980
Docket2 CA-CIV 3340
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 613 P.2d 289 (Thompson v. Thompson) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Arizona primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Thompson v. Thompson, 613 P.2d 289, 126 Ariz. 129, 1980 Ariz. App. LEXIS 485 (Ark. Ct. App. 1980).

Opinions

OPINION

HATHAWAY, Chief Judge.

A post-dissolution order is the subject of this appeal. Mrs. Thompson, who prevailed below, has filed no answering brief. However, we have granted her attorneys’ request to intervene to protect their award of attorneys’ fees.1

The threshold question is whether the former Mrs. Thompson, by failing to file an answering brief, has confessed error. It is well settled that where debatable issues are presented, an appellee’s failure to file an answering brief constitutes a confession of reversible error. Beck v. Beck, 9 Ariz.App. 77, 449 P.2d 313 (1969); Witherspoon v. Witherspoon, 17 Ariz.App. 391, 498 P.2d 233 (1972).2

Appellant contends that the trial court erred when it attempted to reclassify “the original award of spousal maintenance” in the divorce decree to that of a property right in appellant’s military retirement pay, erred in the calculation of arrearages owed by him to his former spouse, erred in requiring him to execute and deliver an allotment of his military retirement pay to her and erred in the award of attorneys’ fees to her attorneys.

The parties were divorced in 1977. A major issue in the dissolution proceeding was the respective rights of the parties in appellant’s Navy retirement benefits. The parties stipulated “ * * * the Court shall base its decision on and divide that asset as if it were property but that the award shall be couched in terms of an award of spousal maintenance.” The decree recited, “That the petitioner shall be awarded as his sole and separate property ... his military retirement pension rights, except that portion of which is awarded to the respondent as spousal maintenance . . ” It further recited, “As and for spousal maintenance, the petitioner shall pay to respondent % times 143 divided by 241 (said numerator represents the number of months the parties lived in community property states during the military service of the petitioner of 241 months) . . . ”

[131]*131The decree awarded Mrs. Thompson judgment in the amount of $1,355.20 for spousal maintenance arrearages as of February 24, 1977, and the appellee/law firm was awarded judgment against appellant in the sum of $1,800 for partial attorneys’ fees and $32.30 for costs. The “spousal maintenance” was to be paid for a period of 121 months and the payments were to be paid to the clerk of the court. When the first payment became due, Mrs. Thompson had remarried.

Approximately five months after the dissolution decree was entered, during which period Mrs. Thompson and her attorneys garnished appellant’s wages and Navy retirement pay to collect the judgment for arrearages and attorneys’ fees, appellant and his new wife filed a petition in bankruptcy. His former wife and her attorneys opposed discharge of the amounts due them pursuant to the decree of dissolution on the ground that they were, or were in the nature of, alimony due or to become due. The bankruptcy judge found the award of 30% of the military retirement pension benefits to Mrs. Thompson was “in the nature of a contract right” and was not dischargeable. He did, however, find that the award to the attorneys was a dischargeable debt under the Bankruptcy Act. Both parties appealed to the United States District Court. The court upheld the ruling in favor of Mrs. Thompson and also ruled that the judgment in favor of the attorneys was in the nature of alimony and therefore undischargeable in bankruptcy. The district court expressly found that the amounts due to Mrs. Thompson were in the nature of alimony and stated:

“[E]ven looking behind the decree, it is obvious that the parties and the Court intended that in return for Mrs. Thompson giving up her vested right or interest in the accrued retirement benefits, she was to receive spousal maintenance.” (U. S. District Court Order dated 9/22/78)

Mrs. Thompson then commenced contempt proceedings in superior court to enforce the spousal maintenance and attorneys’ fees provisions of the dissolution decree. Appellant’s defense was that Mrs. Thompson’s remarriage terminated his obligation to pay spousal maintenance as of the date of her marriage. He also filed a petition for an order to show cause why his obligation to pay spousal maintenance should not be terminated. It was stipulated that May 23, 1977, was the remarriage date of Mrs. Thompson. Extensive testimony was presented, including that of appellant’s prior attorney as to the circumstances of the parties’ stipulation concerning the military pension benefits. The substance of his testimony was that the parties had agreed that the pension was a community asset but wanted Mrs. Thompson’s interest in the pension to be characterized as spousal maintenance rather than property so that she would be able to garnish the pension and appellant would have tax advantages.3

The trial court ruled that the award of a 30% interest in appellant’s pension was called spousal maintenance in the dissolution decree only because of the parties’ stipulation and that since it was merely called spousal maintenance and was really a division of property, Mrs. Thompson’s remarriage did not terminate appellant’s obligation to pay maintenance. Under A.R.S. Sec. 25-327(B), remarriage of the party receiving maintenance terminates the obligation to pay future maintenance unless the parties otherwise agree in writing or the dissolution decree expressly so provides.

Our review of the entire record, including that in the bankruptcy proceedings, leads us to conclude that a debatable question is presented as to the application of the doctrine of judicial estoppel. The essence of the doctrine is that one who has obtained judicial relief by asserting one position, cannot subsequently assume an inconsistent position with reference to the same matter in another judicial proceeding. [132]*132Colonia Verde Homeowners Association v. Kaufman, 122 Ariz. 574, 596 P.2d 712 (App. 1979). Mrs. Thompson bargained for spousal maintenance in order to be able to avail herself of garnishment remedies. She repeatedly utilized garnishment to collect the arrearages awarded in the dissolution decree. Her position in the bankruptcy proceedings essentially was that appellant’s obligation to her was not dischargeable as it was alimony or in the nature of alimony. She succeeded as did her attorneys concerning their fees. We cannot say as a matter of law that the rule of judicial estoppel has no application here, therefore a debatable issue exists requiring that we treat Mrs. Thompson’s failure to defend the ruling as to spousal maintenance as a confession of reversible error.

The “confession of error” rule also applies to the allowance of arrearages of $1,050. A debatable question is presented as to whether accrued arrearages under an order for temporary support are enforceable after entry of the final decree when the decree makes no reference to the delinquent payments. See Furgason v. Furgason, 1 Wash. App. 859, 465 P.2d 187 (1970); 24 Am.Jur.2d, Divorce and Separation, Sec. 560; Annot., 154 A.L.R. 530.

We find no error as to the amount allowed appellant as a set off against the arrearages.

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Bluebook (online)
613 P.2d 289, 126 Ariz. 129, 1980 Ariz. App. LEXIS 485, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/thompson-v-thompson-arizctapp-1980.