Thompson v. Department of the Navy

84 F. App'x 61
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
DecidedDecember 5, 2003
DocketNo. 03-3072
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 84 F. App'x 61 (Thompson v. Department of the Navy) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Thompson v. Department of the Navy, 84 F. App'x 61 (Fed. Cir. 2003).

Opinion

DECISION

PER CURIAM.

Michael E. Thompson appeals from a decision of the Merit Systems Protection Board, Docket Nos. SE-0432-99-0185-B-1 and SE-0531D-99-0186-B-1, affirming the decision of the Department of the Navy to remove him from his position. We affirm.

[62]*62BACKGROUND

Mr. Thompson was employed as an Environmental Engineer in the Environmental Office of the U.S. Pacific Fleet in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, from December 1994 until his removal in March 1999. Before 1998, Mr. Thompson’s performance had never been rated as less than satisfactory. At the start of the 1998 performance cycle, however, the Pacific Fleet implemented a new pass/fail performance system, and during that cycle Mr. Thompson’s performance declined. The new performance system contained two critical elements for Mr. Thompson’s position: “Organizational Support and Communication” and “Execution of Duties,” each of which included a description of the acceptable level of performance for the position.

In August 1998, Mr. Thompson’s supervisor issued him a letter of caution for unacceptable performance with respect to both critical elements. Mr. Thompson was advised that he would be given an opportunity to improve his performance to an acceptable level during a 92-day performance improvement period (“PIP”). At the conclusion of the PIP, the Navy concluded that Mr. Thompson’s level of performance had not improved. As a result, he was removed from his position.

Mr. Thompson appealed his removal to the Merit Systems Protection Board on two grounds: that the system used to evaluate him was arbitrary and capricious, and that he suffered from a mental condition known as Adjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood, which prevented him from performing his duties effectively. Following a hearing, an administrative judge reversed the removal decision based on her conclusion that the agency’s requirement that Mr. Thompson make no more than three errors during the PIP was too strict. The administrative judge, however, rejected Mr. Thompson’s affirmative defense of discrimination based on disability, holding (1) that Mr. Thompson had not shown that his mental condition constituted a disability, (2) that his mental condition did not affect his performance, and (3) that the Navy had no duty to accommodate his condition.

The Navy appealed the administrative judge’s initial decision to the full Board, which reversed the initial decision, holding that the requirement that Mr. Thompson make no more than three serious errors during the course of the 92-day PIP was reasonable. On remand, the administrative judge sustained the removal action, and Mr. Thompson took this appeal.

DISCUSSION

Mr. Thompson raises two challenges to the Board’s decision. First, he argues that he suffered from a mental illness that rendered him medically incapable of performing at an acceptable level immediately prior to and during the PIP. Accordingly, he contends that he was not provided with a reasonable opportunity to improve his performance during the PIP. Second, he argues that the performance standards for his position were vague, subjective, and unreasonable, and that they did not permit accurate evaluation of his performance based on objective criteria. In addition, he contends that the agency in effect created new performance standards during the PIP, which denied him the right to demonstrate acceptable performance.

A

Mr. Thompson argues that he was denied an opportunity to improve his performance during the PIP because he was suffering from a psychological disorder during that time. He contends that the psychological disorder, Adjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood, was responsible [63]*63for the decline in his performance and made it impossible for him to satisfy the requirements of the PIP. Because the decline in his performance was related to a mental condition of which he was not aware at the time, he urges that the Board should have held that he was denied an adequate opportunity to improve his performance.

The administrative judge found that the evidence did not suggest that Mr. Thompson’s condition rose to the level of a recognized disability under the Rehabilitation Act, 29 U.S.C. § 794. According to the administrative judge, Mr. Thompson “failed to establish that he was an individual with a disability because his impairment did not constitute a significant barrier to employment or substantially limit his ability to continue working as an engineer.” Mr. Thompson has not shown that the administrative judge’s finding was unsupported by substantial evidence. Indeed, Mr. Thompson in his brief acknowledges that his mental condition did not constitute a legally recognizable disability.

Absent a disability, there is no legal basis for Mr. Thompson’s assertion that his mental condition is a defense to termination. The Navy has the authority to terminate based on poor performance if the poor performance is not caused by a legally recognizable disability. 5 U.S.C. § 4302(b). That is true even if, as Mr. Thompson contends was true in his case, the employee is not aware of the condition and therefore does not seek treatment for the condition before or during the performance improvement period. In any event, the administrative judge found that Mr. Thompson had “failed to provide sufficient evidence to show by a preponderance of the evidence that [his] medical condition caused his unacceptable performance during the relevant time period.” Mr. Thompson has not shown that the administrative judge’s finding that Mr. Thompson’s mental condition was not responsible for his performance was unsupported by substantial evidence. Accordingly, we uphold the Board’s rejection of Mr. Thompson’s argument that he was denied an adequate opportunity to improve his performance because of his medical condition.

B

Mr. Thompson next argues that the standards the Navy used to evaluate his performance were invalid because they were vague, subjective, and unreasonable. Under 5 U.S.C. § 4302(b)(1), a performance evaluation system must establish “performance standards which will, to the maximum extent feasible, permit the accurate evaluation of job performance on the basis of objective criteria.” The performance standards should “inform the employee of what is necessary to achieve a satisfactory or acceptable rating.” Wilson v. Dep’t of Health & Human Servs., 770 F.2d 1048,1052 (Fed.Cir.1985).

The performance standard used to evaluate Mr. Thompson’s performance contained two critical elements: “Organizational Support and Communication” and “Execution of Duties.” The requirements of the first critical element were set forth as follows: “Understands the organization’s goals and priorities. Fully complies with the organization’s policies, regulations, and procedures. Communicates orally and/or in writing to perform work.” The standard for “acceptable” performance of that critical element was set forth as follows: “Promotes and properly uses administrative channels. Follows the policies, regulations and procedures and is aware of the organization’s goals and priorities to produce efficient performance of job operations.

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Bluebook (online)
84 F. App'x 61, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/thompson-v-department-of-the-navy-cafc-2003.