Thomas Kough v. Teamsters' Local 30

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
DecidedAugust 18, 2011
Docket10-2128
StatusUnpublished

This text of Thomas Kough v. Teamsters' Local 30 (Thomas Kough v. Teamsters' Local 30) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Thomas Kough v. Teamsters' Local 30, (7th Cir. 2011).

Opinion

NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION To be cited only in accordance with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1

United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit Chicago, Illinois 60604

Argued January 14, 2011 Decided August 18, 2011

Before

WILLIAM J. BAUER, Circuit Judge

DIANE P. WOOD, Circuit Judge

DAVID F. HAMILTON, Circuit Judge

No. 10‐2128

THOMAS KOUGH, Appeal from the United States District Plaintiff‐Appellant, Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. v. No. 1:06‐cv‐05235 TEAMSTERS’ LOCAL 301 PENSION PLAN, et al., James B. Zagel, Defendants‐Appellees. Judge.

O R D E R

This appeal from a denial of disability benefits under the Employment Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), 29 U.S.C. §§ 1001 et seq., poses some unusual problems. Plaintiff Thomas Kough was a member of the Teamsters for many years and a participant in the union’s pension plan, which also provided for disability benefits. Kough first became disabled in 1998, however, at a time when he was not working for a unionized employer. The employee benefit plan run by his union denied benefits for that disability in 1999, and that denial is not contested here. But in 2005, Kough tried to go back to work with a unionized employer. He soon No. 10‐2128 Page 2

suffered a heart attack and abandoned his attempt to work. The relationship between the 1998 disability and the 2005 heart attack is the root of the problem here. Complicating matters a little further, Kough made only an oral request for disability benefits from the union plan in 2005, and the plan denied the request in a terse letter. After exhausting administrative remedies with the plan, Kough filed suit challenging the 2005 denial.

We provide only a brief summary of the complicated history of this dispute. The case was a moving target for the district court, but it has stopped long enough for us to take aim here. In the course of the litigation, the defendants informed Kough that his 2005 application for benefits was missing evidence from the Social Security Administration sufficiently linking his 2005 heart attack to his being disabled. The district court initially granted summary judgment for the defendants but later granted a Rule 60(b) motion and remanded the decision after Kough secured additional evidence from the Social Security Administration. On remand, the Trustees granted Kough eight months of disability benefits for the period September 2008 through April 2009, when his union retirement benefits took effect anyway. The Trustees denied him benefits for October 2005 through August 2008. When that issue returned to court, the district court granted summary judgment for the defendants. Kough appealed.

We conclude that the 2005 denial letter failed to comply with ERISA’s notice requirement in 29 U.S.C. § 1133. It did not explain adequately why Kough was denied benefits and did not inform him that his application was missing evidence from the Social Security Administration. We reverse the district court’s judgment with instructions to remand to the Trustees for a de novo determination of whether Kough is entitled to disability benefits for October 2005 through August 2008. We also remand to the district court to reconsider whether Kough is entitled to attorney fees. While the district court properly relied on Seventh Circuit law in denying the plaintiff attorney fees under the then‐governing “prevailing party” test, the Supreme Court has taken a different approach in Hardt v. Reliance Standard Life Insurance Company, U.S. , 130 S. Ct. 2149 (2010), rejecting the “prevailing party” test. The district court must take a fresh look under Hardt to determine if Kough is entitled to attorney fees.1

I. Issues and Standard of Review

We review a district court’s grant of summary judgment de novo. Schneider v. Sentry Group Long Term Disability Plan, 422 F.3d 621, 626 (7th Cir. 2005). We view all facts in the light most favorable to the non‐moving party. James v. Sheahan, 137 F.3d 1003, 1006 (7th Cir. 1998). We will reverse an ERISA plan’s denial of benefits where the plan administrators have not

1 The defendants have filed a motion to strike portions of Kough’s brief that allege that the Trustees showed bias towards him. Because we do not rely on these statements, we deny the defendants’ motion as moot. No. 10‐2128 Page 3

complied with ERISA notice requirements. Love v. National City Corp. Welfare Benefits Plan, 574 F.3d 392, 396 (7th Cir. 2009).

On appeal, Kough argues first that the 2005 denial letter violated ERISA notice requirements; second, that the Plan provided an arbitrary and post‐hoc rationale for denying Kough benefits (the missing Social Security Administration evidence); and third, that the district court abused its discretion in denying Kough attorney fees and costs. We agree that the 2005 denial letter violated ERISA’s notice requirement under § 1133. Plaintiff Kough is entitled to summary judgment on that issue. The remedy, however, is not an award of benefits but a remand to the Plan for a de novo determination of whether Kough qualified for disability benefits from October 2005 through August 2008. We therefore bypass the substance of the Plan’s reasons for denial. We first address the Plan’s noncompliance with ERISA’s notice requirement and then turn to the attorney fees issue.

II. ERISA Notice Requirements

ERISA sets out the following minimum requirements that a plan must meet when denying benefits:

In accordance with regulations of the Secretary, every employee benefit plan shall – (1) provide adequate notice in writing to any participant or beneficiary whose claim for benefits under the plan has been denied, setting forth the specific reasons for such denial, written in a manner calculated to be understood by the participant . . .

29 U.S.C. § 1133. The corresponding Department of Labor regulation requires that the following elements be included in notice of an adverse benefit determination:

The notification shall set forth, in a manner calculated to be understood by the claimant – (i) The specific reason or reasons for the adverse determination; (ii) Reference to the specific plan provisions on which the determination is based; (iii) A description of any additional material or information necessary for the claimant to perfect the claim and an explanation of why such material or information is necessary; (iv) A description of the plan’s review procedures and the time limits applicable to such procedures, including a statement of the claimant’s right to bring a civil action . . . (v) In the case of an adverse benefit determination by a group health plan or a plan providing disability benefits, (A) If an internal rule, guideline, protocol, or other similar criterion was relied upon in making the adverse determination, either the specific rule, guideline, protocol, or other similar criterion; or a statement that such a rule, No. 10‐2128 Page 4

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Thomas Kough v. Teamsters' Local 30, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/thomas-kough-v-teamsters-local-30-ca7-2011.