Theriot v. Theriot

622 So. 2d 257, 1993 WL 188905
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedMay 28, 1993
Docket92 CA 1345
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 622 So. 2d 257 (Theriot v. Theriot) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Theriot v. Theriot, 622 So. 2d 257, 1993 WL 188905 (La. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

622 So.2d 257 (1993)

Peggy T. THERIOT
v.
Nacis J. THERIOT.

No. 92 CA 1345.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, First Circuit.

May 28, 1993.
Rehearing Denied August 4, 1993.

*258 Stanley L. Perry, Galliano, for plaintiff-appellee Peggy T. Theriot.

Edward T. Diaz, Golden Meadow, for defendant-appellant Nacis J. Theriot.

George J. Ledet, Jr., Cut Off, for Movers South Lafourche Bank & Trust Co.

Before WATKINS, CRAIN and GONZALES, JJ.

WATKINS, Judge.

A threshold issue presented by this appeal is whether there was jury misconduct sufficient to impeach a verdict in favor of appellant's former wife awarding her damages for defendant's fraud. We find no *259 merit in defendant's claim that the trial court erroneously excluded post-trial testimony of jurors, even for the limited purpose of an attempted proffer. The imperviousness of jury deliberations is a concept bedrocked in public policy. Finding that defendant has no right to rely on jurors' self-impeachment, we affirm the trial court's denial of a new trial.

The record reveals conflicting testimony at the trial on the merits concerning the representations made by the defendant, representations that the defendant claimed were accurate and that the plaintiff claimed were fraudulent. We are constrained to hold that the jury did not commit manifest error in finding that defendant committed fraud, and we affirm.

CLAIM OF JURY MISCONDUCT

Plaintiff, Peggy T. Theriot, filed suit against her former husband, Nacis J. Theriot, alleging that his intentional misrepresentations of values of their community property assets caused her to enter into a partition agreement whereby she was deprived of a substantial sum of money.

The matter was tried by jury before Judge Jerome J. Barbera, III, of the Seventeenth Judicial District Court for the Parish of Lafourche. The plaintiff was represented by Stanley L. Perry of Galliano, Louisiana, and the defendant was represented by Edward T. Diaz of Golden Meadow, Louisiana. The two were the same attorneys who represented the former spouses in the divorce proceedings.

Following the jury trial the defendant procured information concerning the deliberations of the jury and included same in what he now calls the "Griffin affidavit." Grounding his arguments on the statements contained in the affidavit, defendant launches a two-fold attack on the jury verdict: first, that it was tainted by the bias and prejudice of one juror, namely, the foreman Allison Lefort; and second, that the jury deviated from the court's instructions regarding the order in which the members were to deliberate and decide the issues of fraud and damages, thus causing three jurors to change their votes on fraud and to break a deadlock.

Assuming for the sake of argument that Ms. Lefort was biased against the judge and defendant's counsel because of a previous in-court encounter, nevertheless, her presence on the jury is not grounds for granting a new trial pursuant to LSA-C.C.P. art. 1972 (formerly Article 1814). The article provides in pertinent part that a new trial shall be granted when "the jury was bribed or has behaved improperly so that impartial justice has not been done." There is no allegation by defendant that Ms. Lefort attempted to bribe the jury. Furthermore, the presence on a jury of a highly opinionated person does not constitute "improper behavior" that precludes impartial justice within the meaning of Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure. Blandino v. Brown Erection Co., 341 So.2d 577 (La.App. 2d Cir.1977).

Nor is defendant's assertion that the jury failed to follow instructions a matter about which he would be able to offer any admissible and credible, supporting proof. His allegations of faulty procedure stem from the Griffin affidavit, and the proof he claims he was erroneously barred from presenting would have consisted of the testimony of the jurors. It is well settled that Louisiana jurors cannot impeach their own verdicts through affidavits and testimony. Coleman v. Brooks, 583 So.2d 133 (La.App. 4th Cir.1991); Pitts v. Bailes, 551 So.2d 1363 (La.App. 3d Cir.), writs denied, 553 So.2d 860 (La.1989) and 556 So.2d 1262 (La.1990).

The rule against self-impeachment has been codified in LSA-C.E. art 606, effective January 1, 1989. Defendant's reliance on the "new" rule found in Paragraph B of Article 606 is misplaced. Paragraph B provides:

Upon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror may not testify as to any matter or statement occurring during the course of the jury's deliberations or to the effect of anything upon his or any other juror's mind or emotions as influencing him to assent to *260 or dissent from the verdict or indictment or concerning his mental processes in connection therewith, except that a juror may testify on the question whether any outside influence was improperly brought to bear upon any juror.... Nor may his affidavit or evidence of any statement by him concerning a matter about which he would be precluded from testifying be received for these purposes.

Defendant argues that the jurors were specifically instructed by the judge to deliberate on the question of fraud first, and only if they found fraud, to deliberate on the issue of damages. Accepting as true the assertion that the vote on the amount of damages convinced the deadlocked jurors to change their votes on fraud, the type of testimony that would support such a charge is made inadmissible by the express provision of Article 606: "(A) juror may not testify ... to the effect of anything upon his ... mind ... as influencing him to assent to ... the verdict...." The alleged departure from the voting procedure outlined in the judge's instructions cannot be classified as an "outside influence" which would be an exception to the prohibition of Article 606.

Accordingly, we hold that the defendant has not alleged any type of jury misconduct that would have entitled him to a hearing at which affidavits and testimony of the jurors would have been admissible. Accordingly, it was not error for the trial court to suppress the subpoenas by ex parte order. We reiterate the rule applied by this court in Cosie v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Ins. Co., 527 So.2d 1105 (La.App. 1st Cir.1988): a juror cannot be heard to impeach the jury's verdict. Finally, we adhere to the principles stated in a case we previously cited with approval, Conner v. Florida Farm Bureau Casualty Ins. Co., 446 So.2d 383 (La.App. 3d Cir.1984), as follows:

As a general rule, a juror cannot be heard to impeach the jury's verdict. Renz v. Texas & Pacific Railway Company, 138 So.2d 114 (La.App. 3rd Cir.1962); Dieudonne v. Guidry, 336 So.2d 990 (La.App. 3rd Cir.1976) [writ denied, 339 So.2d 853 (La.1976)]; Washington v. Lake City Beverage, Inc., 352 So.2d 717 (La.App. 3rd Cir.1977), writ refused, 354 So.2d 1050 (La.1978); Lachney v. Jones, 373 So.2d 595 (La.App. 3rd Cir.1979), writ denied, 376 So.2d 959 (La.1979).
The purpose of this rule as stated in 53 Am.Jur. `Trial' Section 1105, frequently cited in Louisiana cases, is as follows:
`The rule is founded on public policy, and is for the purpose of preventing litigants or the public from invading the privacy of the jury room, either during the deliberations of the jury or afterwards.

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Bluebook (online)
622 So. 2d 257, 1993 WL 188905, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/theriot-v-theriot-lactapp-1993.