Swearingen ex rel. B v. Ozark Mountain School District

225 F. Supp. 3d 813, 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 169063, 2016 WL 7155773
CourtDistrict Court, W.D. Arkansas
DecidedDecember 7, 2016
DocketCASE NO. 3:16-CV-03029
StatusPublished

This text of 225 F. Supp. 3d 813 (Swearingen ex rel. B v. Ozark Mountain School District) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, W.D. Arkansas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Swearingen ex rel. B v. Ozark Mountain School District, 225 F. Supp. 3d 813, 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 169063, 2016 WL 7155773 (W.D. Ark. 2016).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER

TIMOTHY L. BROOKS, UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

On July 25, 2016, the Court issued an Order (Doc. 17) bifurcating certain issues from the rest of the case and ordering briefing on those issues in an expedited manner. Specifically, the Court ordered that Plaintiffs Robert and Kimberly Swearingen submit a complete copy of the hearing transcript and state administrative record for proceedings that they participated in concerning their child, identified here as “B.” The Swearingens argued in the state administrative hearing conducted by the Arkansas Department of Education that Defendant Ozark Mountain School District (“OMSD” or “the District”) had denied B a free appropriate public education (“FAPE”), as that term is defined in the Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act (“IDEA”), 20 U.S.C. § 1415, during B’s kindergarten year at Bruno-Pyatt Elementary School. According to the Swearingens, they prevailed at the administrative level and then brought suit in this Court to, among other things, recover the attorneys’ fees they spent litigating the administrative action.

Claim One in the Swearingens’ Complaint requests an award of attorneys’ fees for being the “prevailing party” at the state administrative proceeding, as defined at 20 U.S.C. § 1415(i)(3)(B). As per the Court’s direction in the Order on Bifurcation of Proceedings, the Swearingens filed a Motion for Award of Attorneys’ Fees (Doc. 23) and Brief in Support (Doc. 24) on August 22, 2016. This Motion essentially requests summary judgment on Claim One of the Complaint. The sole issue before the Court in deciding the Motion is whether the Swearingens were the prevailing party at the administrative level. If so, the Motion should be granted, and judgment as a matter of law on Claim One should issue in the Swearingens’ favor. If not, the Motion should be denied and Claim One dismissed with prejudice.

The second issue before the Court is the matter of OMSD’s Counterclaim (Doc. 7), which argues that the administrative Hearing Officer wrongly decided the case in the Swearingens’ favor, and that OMSD should have prevailed on the merits. OMSD briefed its Counterclaim in the process of responding to the Swearingens’ Motion for Attorneys’ Fees. See Docs. 26, 27. Thereafter, the Swearingens filed a response to OMSD’s briefing on the Counterclaim, see Doc. 32, and OMSD filed a reply, see Doc. 33. OMSD contends that the Hearing Officer erred in refusing to acknowledge that the Swearingens’ claims under the IDEA were barred as a matter of law because B no longer attended school within the District at the time the hearing took place. OMSD also maintains that it fully complied with the IDEA and did not deny FAPE to B while he was enrolled at Bruno-Pyatt Elementary School during the 2014-2015 school year.

On December 5, 2016, the Court conducted a hearing on these issues, during which both parties had the opportunity to present oral argument, and neither party submitted new evidence for the Court’s consideration. Below, the Court has set forth the legal standard it has considered in evaluating OMSD’s appeal of the state administrative Hearing Officer’s decision under the IDEA. In reviewing the appeal, the Court has examined the parties’ briefing, the entire administrative record, the Hearing Officer’s written Opinion, and the relevant case law. For the reasons set forth below, the Court AFFIRMS the [815]*815Hearing Officer’s decision in favor of the Swearingens, which, in effect, means that the Counterclaim filed by-OMSD is DISMISSED as a matter of law, and the Swearingens’ Motion for Attorneys’ Fees will be GRANTED, resulting in judgment in favor of the Swearingens on Claim One of their Complaint.

I. BACKGROUND

The administrative record in this case is lengthy, and it amounts to several volumes of hearing transcripts and documents. With that said, however, the pertinent, undisputed facts concerning B’s educational history are relatively straightforward. Prior to entering kindergarten at Bruno-Pyatt Elementary School, B was a preschool student at Ozark Unlimited Resources Cooperative, a Head-Start facility located in OMSD. In preschool, B was identified as a student who needed special education services. His parents were presented with an Individualized Education Program (“IEP”), as contemplated by the IDEA. See Doc. 25, pp. 5-19. At the time B was evaluated for special education services, he was four years and ten months old. The areas in which he was deemed deficient were: cognition, social/emotional, and language. Id. at p. 5.

In the area of cognition, B was described as “halving] trouble understanding ordinal positions, matching quantity with numeral past 2, and counting past 3.” Id. at p. 8. The report went on to state that B’s “deficits in the cognitive domain adversely affect his progress in the general curriculum” and B’s “lack of understanding of age appropriate concepts inhibits his ability to participate meaningfully in age appropriate learning activities.” Id.

As for B’s social/emotional skills, he ranked in the 4th percentile. Id. at p. 11. The report explained that “[t]his score indicates that his social skills are poor.” Id. B could not repeat rhymes, songs, or dances, play group games with simple rules, or play competitive games. Id. Ms. Heather Gilbert, a developmental therapist in early childhood special education, explained in writing that “[a]ny score below the 7th percentile is considered to be a significant delay in function in that area,” Id. at p. 32.

Finally, with respect to the area of language ability, B’s performance was similarly deficient, as evaluators found he was unable to explain “the function of objections, using plurals and irregular plurals, and telling a story about a picture.” Id. at p. 14. Although B could identify common objects when prompted, the evaluators found that B’s “deficits in the language domain in expressive language adversely affect his progress in the general curriculum” and ability “to participate meaningfully in age appropriate learning activities.” Id.

In accordance with the IDEA, and with the approval of his parents, B’s preschool implemented a comprehensive plan to address his cognitive, social/emotional, and language deficiencies. See id. at pp. 34-35. However, when it came time for B to transition to kindergarten, his eligibility for special education services was required by law to be reevaluated. OMSD’s elementary special education teacher, Mary Beth Anderson participated in this evaluation and observed B in his preschool class on two occasions, later making a report of her findings. See id, at pp. 47-48. In her report, Ms. Anderson noted that B was both a frequent distraction to others in class and also was easily distracted. Id. at p. 47. She observed that B “did not interact with his peers and anytime that he did interact with his peers it was in a negative way.” Id. at p. 48. A speech/language therapist then evaluated Bon March 18, 2014, at the tail end of his last year of preschool, and [816]*816found contrary to earlier evaluations that B’s language deficits were not so severe that they interfered with his classroom learning. Id. at p. 53.

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Bluebook (online)
225 F. Supp. 3d 813, 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 169063, 2016 WL 7155773, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/swearingen-ex-rel-b-v-ozark-mountain-school-district-arwd-2016.