Stroot v. Hartford Life & Accident Ins. Co.

363 F. Supp. 3d 1174
CourtDistrict Court, D. Kansas
DecidedMarch 14, 2019
DocketCase No. 18-cv-1274-JWB-TJJ
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 363 F. Supp. 3d 1174 (Stroot v. Hartford Life & Accident Ins. Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. Kansas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Stroot v. Hartford Life & Accident Ins. Co., 363 F. Supp. 3d 1174 (D. Kan. 2019).

Opinion

Teresa J. James, U.S. Magistrate Judge

Before the Court are Plaintiff's Motion for Leave to Amend Complaint (ECF No. 18) and Plaintiff's Motion to Extend the Deadline to File a Motion to Compel (ECF No. 20). Both motions relate to a dispute between the parties regarding the sufficiency of the administrative record. Both motions are fully briefed, and on February 21, 2019, the Court heard further argument from the parties during a telephone status conference. During the conference, the Court ruled on the sufficiency of the administrative record, denied Plaintiff's motion for leave to amend her complaint and took under advisement Plaintiff's motion for extension of time to file a motion to compel. This order modifies the Court's ruling on the sufficiency of the record and memorializes the denial of Plaintiff's motion to amend. The Court now also denies Plaintiff's motion for extension of time to file a motion to compel for the reasons discussed below.

I. Background

On July 30, 2018, Plaintiff filed her petition in state court to recover benefits under two employee benefit plans pursuant to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 based on her disability.1 Defendant removed this case from Sedgwick County District Court on October 4, 2018.2 On November 27, 2018, the Court conducted a scheduling conference with the parties. After obtaining input from counsel, the Court ordered Defendant to produce the administrative record to Plaintiff by December 4, 2018.3 Plaintiff was to notify Defendant of any objections to the administrative record by January 4, 2019.4 If the parties were unable to resolve their disputes regarding the administrative record, they were to contact Judge James's chambers by January 21, 2019.5 On that date, Plaintiff's counsel emailed chambers *1176to inform the Court that the parties had remaining disputes they were unable to resolve regarding three documents Defendant withheld from the administrative record as attorney-client privileged which Plaintiff claimed she was entitled to receive based upon the fiduciary exception to the privilege. The same day, Plaintiff filed her motion to amend her complaint. Two days later, Plaintiff filed her motion for extension of time to file a motion to compel. Defendant has opposed both motions. Pursuant to the Court's instructions, on February 14, 2019, both parties submitted their arguments and authorities on the fiduciary exception to the attorney-client privilege to the Court. During the February 21, 2019 status conference, the Court discussed that issue as well as the fully briefed motion to amend with the parties.

The three documents Defendant withheld from the administrative record as attorney-client privileged communications ("the Disputed Documents")6 each concern a letter from Plaintiff's counsel appealing Defendant's denial of Plaintiff's disability claim. Subsequent to the February 21 status conference with the parties, the Court requested that Defendant submit copies of the Disputed Documents for in camera review. The Court has received and reviewed those documents.

Without disputing that the Disputed Documents are attorney-client privileged, Plaintiff argues she is entitled to the documents because the fiduciary exception to the attorney-client privilege applies. Simply put, it is Defendant's refusal to turn over these three documents that is the basis for Plaintiff's request to amend her complaint. Plaintiff contends, "Defendant has violated its fiduciary obligations by asserting attorney-client privilege over materials that Defendant is legally obligated to provide to Plaintiff."7

II. Analysis

A. Fiduciary Exception to the Attorney-Client Privilege

Plaintiff argues the benefit plan at issue states that participants are entitled to all documents and information generated in connection with claim denials, and does not except out privileged documents. Plaintiff argues Defendant is an ERISA fiduciary and has the duty to discharge its duties with respect to the plan "solely in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries," and "for the exclusive purpose of providing benefits to participants and their beneficiaries and defraying reasonable expenses of administering the plan."8 Plaintiff also cites Lewis v. UNUM Corp. Severance Plan .9 as support for her argument that the fiduciary exception applies to the Disputed Documents because information generated or received during the claim process is supposed to be for the benefit of the participants such as Plaintiff.

Defendant argues there are instances when the fiduciary exception is inapplicable, such as when an ERISA fiduciary seeks advice of counsel to defend a lawsuit brought by a plan beneficiary against the fiduciary in her personal capacity. Defendant argues the fiduciary exception is also inapplicable to communications made at times when the parties were not aligned, *1177often characterized as a lack of mutuality of interest between the fiduciary and beneficiary. In this case Defendant contends the withheld documents are privileged communications between its appeal specialist and in-house counsel that occurred when there was no mutuality of interest between Defendant and Plaintiff, and therefore the fiduciary exception does not apply. Defendant agrees that Lewis sets forth general principles regarding the fiduciary exception to the attorney-client privilege.

"In the ERISA context, the fiduciary exception comes into play when an employer who is the administrator of an ERISA plan invokes the attorney-client privilege against the plan beneficiaries."10 The "fiduciary exception derives from the principle that when an attorney advises a plan fiduciary about the administration of an employee benefit plan, the attorney's client is not the fiduciary personally but, rather, the trust's beneficiaries."11 But, when "a plan fiduciary retains counsel in order to defend herself against the plan beneficiaries, the attorney-client privilege remains intact."12 Defendant has asserted the attorney-client privilege with regard to the Disputed Documents and Plaintiff has not disputed the claim of privilege, so Plaintiff now has the burden to show the fiduciary exception applies.13

In support of its argument that the fiduciary exception does not apply because of the lack of mutuality of interest between it and Plaintiff, Defendant argues that the withheld communications "concern a letter ... from Plaintiff's counsel appealing Hartford's denial of Plaintiff's disability claim" and that "[t]he letter further expressly requests that Plaintiff's claim be approved...." The problem with Defendant's argument is explained in Lewis as follows:

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Bluebook (online)
363 F. Supp. 3d 1174, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/stroot-v-hartford-life-accident-ins-co-ksd-2019.