State v. Smith

910 P.2d 1, 184 Ariz. 456, 209 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 34, 1996 Ariz. LEXIS 3
CourtArizona Supreme Court
DecidedJanuary 16, 1996
DocketCR-95-0294-PR
StatusPublished
Cited by106 cases

This text of 910 P.2d 1 (State v. Smith) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Arizona Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Smith, 910 P.2d 1, 184 Ariz. 456, 209 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 34, 1996 Ariz. LEXIS 3 (Ark. 1996).

Opinions

OPINION

FELDMAN, Chief Justice.

This case is before us on the state’s petition for review from a court of appeals’ opinion affirming Defendant’s sentence for theft but remanding the case with instructions to have counsel review the record and file a supplemental petition for review in the court of appeals. State v. Smith, 183 Ariz. 424, 904 P.2d 1248 (App.1995). The state asks us to vacate the court of appeals’ holding that defendants who plead guilty are constitutionally entitled to counsel when pursuing in the court of appeals their discretionary petition for review from the trial court’s denial of post-conviction relief. We have jurisdiction under Ariz. Const, art. VI, § 5(3).

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

Pursuant to Rules 32.1 and 32.4(a), Arizona Rules of Criminal Procedure, Defendant Herbert Allen Smith filed a petition for post-conviction relief (“PCR”) from a sentence imposing an aggravated term of ten years following his guilty plea to theft, a class 3 felony. Smith claimed that his sentence was cruel and unusual and therefore violated the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution and art. II, § 15 of the Arizona Constitution.

Smith was represented by counsel in his post-conviction proceedings in the trial court. That court dismissed the petition pursuant to Rule 32.6(c)1 for failure to raise a material issue of fact or law that would entitle Smith to relief. Smith’s counsel then informed Smith that he would not represent him in petitioning for review to the court of appeals and filed a motion to withdraw as counsel, [458]*458which the trial court ultimately granted. The court of appeals denied Smith’s request for appointment of counsel. Smith then filed a pro per petition for review asserting the same constitutional claims raised in the initial petition for post-conviction relief.

The court of appeals concluded that Smith’s sentence was not cruel and unusual. Smith, 183 Ariz. at 426, 904 P.2d at 1250. Relying on its interpretation of Montgomery v. Sheldon, 181 Ariz. 256, 889 P.2d 614 (Montgomery I), op. supp., 182 Ariz. 118, 893 P.2d 1281 (Montgomery II) (1995), the court also held that the trial court committed fundamental error in permitting Smith’s counsel to withdraw before the court of appeals disposed of Smith’s discretionary petition for review. Smith, 183 Ariz. at 428, 904 P.2d at 1252. The court therefore remanded the case to the trial court with instructions that counsel review the record and, on Smith’s behalf, file a supplemental petition for review in the court of appeals. Id.

We granted the state’s petition for review to decide whether the court of appeals improperly found that Smith, as a PCR defendant, had a constitutional right to appointed counsel when pursuing his discretionary appellate review to the court of appeals. Because the court of appeals misconstrued Montgomery, we affirm the trial court’s denial of Smith’s petition for post-conviction relief and vacate the court of appeals’ opinion.

DISCUSSION

A. The holding in Montgomery

Contrary to the court of appeals’ statement, Montgomery did not “create[] a new avenue of appeal.” Smith, 183 Ariz. at 427, 904 P.2d at 1251. In Montgomery I, we held “only that if counsel refuses to proceed, a pleading defendant has a right under Ariz. Const, art. II, § 24 to file a pro se PCR petition.” 181 Ariz. at 260, 889 P.2d at 618 (emphasis added). Our analysis in Montgomery was not based on the premise that a defendant cannot waive the right to direct appeal. As we explicitly stated in Montgomery I:

[W]e have never held, and we do not hold today, that a pleading defendant cannot waive his right to a direct appeal consistent with art. II, § 24____ [TJhis case, however, involve[s] only Rule 32 proceedings, a distinct form of appellate review____ [T]he waiver provisions in Rules 17.1 and 27.8 specifically exclude Rule 32 proceedings.

181 Ariz. at 259 n. 2, 889 P.2d at 617 n. 2 (emphasis added) (internal citations omitted). It is through operation of the rules governing post-conviction relief that our constitutional guarantee of appellate review in all cases is effectuated for pleading defendants. Ariz. Const, art. II, § 24; Wilson v. Ellis, 176 Ariz. 121, 123, 859 P.2d 744, 746 (1993).

B. At what stage of the Rule 32 proceedings are pleading defendants entitled to counsel?

1. Filing of petition for post-conviction relief

A pleading defendant waives the right to direct appeal and may seek review only by filing in the trial court a petition for post-conviction relief pursuant to Rule 32. Wilson, 176 Ariz. at 123, 859 P.2d at 746. If denied, the defendant may file a petition for review in the court of appeals. Rule 17.1(e); Montgomery I, 181 Ariz. at 258, 889 P.2d at 616.

In making its required review and disposition of the PCR, the trial court provides the pleading defendant a form of post-conviction appellate review via motion under Rule 32. Wilson, 176 Ariz. at 123, 859 P.2d at 746. In this respect, a Rule 32 petition for post-conviction relief in the trial court is “analogous to a direct appeal for a pleading defendant.” Montgomery I, 181 Ariz. at 260 n. 5, 889 P.2d at 618 n. 5. Therefore, because review and disposition of the PCR is the only constitutionally guaranteed appeal, an indigent pleading defendant is entitled to appointed counsel for the trial court PCR proceedings, as provided in Rule 32.4(c), and is also entitled to a transcript of the plea proceedings. Wilson, 176 Ariz. at 124, 859 P.2d at 747.

[459]*459If, after conscientiously searching the record for error, appointed counsel in a PCR proceeding finds no tenable issue and cannot proceed, the defendant is entitled to file a pro per PCR. Montgomery I, 181 Ariz. at 260, 889 P.2d at 618. As in constitutionally guaranteed direct appeals by non-pleading defendants, should counsel be unable to proceed, he or she must so notify the court and the client. See State v. Shattuck, 140 Ariz. 582, 585, 684 P.2d 154, 156 (1984). Absent a finding of dilatory tactics or other abuse, notification of counsel’s inability to proceed, after a significant portion of the time allowed for filing has lapsed, constitutes good cause under Rule 32.4(c) to grant the defendant an appropriate extension of time in which to file a pro per PCR. Montgomery I, 181 Ariz. at 261, 889 P.2d at 619.

After counsel or the pro per defendant submits the post-conviction petition to the court and the trial court makes its required review and disposition, counsel’s obligations are at an end. See Shattuck, 140 Ariz. at 585, 684 P.2d at 156.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
910 P.2d 1, 184 Ariz. 456, 209 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 34, 1996 Ariz. LEXIS 3, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-smith-ariz-1996.