State v. Seymour

2024 Ohio 5186, 257 N.E.3d 265
CourtOhio Court of Appeals
DecidedOctober 18, 2024
Docket23CA8
StatusPublished

This text of 2024 Ohio 5186 (State v. Seymour) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Ohio Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Seymour, 2024 Ohio 5186, 257 N.E.3d 265 (Ohio Ct. App. 2024).

Opinion

[Cite as State v. Seymour, 2024-Ohio-5186.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT JACKSON COUNTY

STATE OF OHIO, : : Plaintiff-Appellee, : Case No. 23CA8 : v. : : DECISION AND CHRISTOPHER SEYMOUR, : JUDGMENT ENTRY : Defendant-Appellant. : _____________________________________________________________ APPEARANCES:

L. Scott Petroff, Athens, Ohio, for Appellant.

Randy Dupree, Jackson County Prosecuting Attorney, and Colleen S. Williams, Assistant Jackson County Prosecuting Attorney, Jackson, Ohio, for Appellee. _____________________________________________________________

Smith, P.J.

{¶1} Christopher Seymour, Appellant, appeals from the judgment of the

Jackson County Court of Common Pleas convicting him of two second-degree

felony counts of pandering obscenity involving a minor in violation of R.C.

2907.321(A)(1), and two fourth-degree felony counts of pandering obscenity

involving a minor in violation of R.C. 2907.321(A)(5). On appeal, Seymour raises

two assignments of error contending, 1) that the trial court erred when it sentenced

him to a mandatory prison term by operation of law; and 2) that the trial court’s

imposition of a mandatory sentence violated Crim.R. 43 and denied him the rights Jackson App. No. 23CA8 2

provided by the Sixth Amendment of the United States Constitution and Article I,

Section 10 of the Ohio Constitution. Because we find merit to Seymour’s first

assignment of error, the judgment of the trial court is reversed and the matter is

remanded for the issuance of a nunc pro tunc order in accordance with this

decision. Further, in light of our disposition of Seymour’s first assignment of

error, the arguments raised under his second assignment of error have been

rendered moot and we need not address them.

FACTS

{¶2} On May 23, 2022, Seymour was indicted for 20 felony counts of

pandering obscenity involving a minor. Counts 1 through 10 charged second-

degree felonies in violation of R.C. 2907.321(A). Counts 11 through 20 charged

fourth-degree felonies in violation of R.C. 2907.321(A)(4).

{¶3} Seymour eventually entered into a plea agreement with the State

whereby he agreed to plead guilty to counts 1, 2, 13, and 14, as charged, in

exchange for the dismissal of the remaining counts. The plea agreement also

included a joint sentencing recommendation for Seymour to be sentenced to four-

year prison terms on counts 1 and 2 and 18-month prison terms on counts 13 and

14, all to be served consecutively to one another for a total, minimum sentence of

11 years. The agreement also provided, per the Reagan Tokes Act, that the

minimum sentence would be 11 years and the maximum prison term would be 13 Jackson App. No. 23CA8 3

years. Neither the plea agreement nor the joint-sentencing recommendation

expressly specified that any of the prison terms were mandatory.

{¶4} Seymour was sentenced on January 4, 2023. The trial court accepted

Seymour’s guilty pleas and stated that it had agreed to accept the joint sentencing

recommendation. However, when the sentencing entry was issued on January 10,

2023, it stated that “[t]he Court finds that a prison term is mandatory by operation

of law pursuant to 2907.321(A)(1) for counts 1 and 2.” The court also labeled

these sentences as mandatory in a chart that it incorporated into the sentencing

entry. This Court approved the filing of Seymour’s motion for delayed appeal on

May 2, 2023. On appeal, Seymour raises two assignments of error for our review,

as follows.

ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR

I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT SENTENCED APPELLANT TO A MANDATORY PRISON TERM BY OPERATION OF LAW.

II. THE IMPOSITION OF A MANDATORY SENTENCE VIOLATED CRIM.R. 43 AND DENIED APPELLANT HIS RIGHTS PROVIDED BY THE SIXTH AMENDMENT OF THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION AND ARTICLE I, SECTION 10 OF THE OHIO CONSTITUTION.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR I

{¶5} In his first assignment of error, Seymour contends that the trial court

erred when it sentenced him to mandatory prison terms by operation of law on both Jackson App. No. 23CA8 4

second-degree felony counts. He argues that R.C. 2907.321, the statute defining

the offense of pandering obscenity involving a minor, does not require that a

mandatory prison term be imposed for the offense. He further argues that R.C.

2929.13(F), the section of the sentencing statute that specifies which crimes require

mandatory prison terms, does not require imposition of mandatory prison terms for

commission of these offenses. Thus, Seymour argues that the trial court’s

imposition of mandatory prison terms “by operation of law” for his second-degree

felony offenses was contrary to law.

{¶6} The State appears to agree that the trial court was not required by

statute to impose a mandatory prison term, but seems to deduce that because there

are several other statutes that prevent Seymour’s sentence from being reduced,

primarily due to the fact that they were sexually-oriented offenses, that his

sentence is, in effect, mandatory by operation law, that is unless the trial court

decides to grant judicial release. Seymour replies, however, by pointing out his

concern that the trial court’s labeling his prison term as “mandatory by operation of

law” is not only inaccurate, but that it will render him ineligible for judicial release

per the requirements of the judicial release statute, which only permits sentencing

courts to grant judicial release for offenders serving non-mandatory terms. See

R.C. 2929.20. Jackson App. No. 23CA8 5

Standard of Review

{¶7} “When reviewing felony sentences appellate courts must apply the

standard of review set forth in R.C. 2953.08(G)(2).” State v. Johnson, 4th Dist.

Adams No. 19CA1082, 2019-Ohio-3479, ¶ 7, citing State v. Marcum, 146 Ohio

St.3d 516, 2016-Ohio-1002, 59 N.E.3d 1231, ¶ 1, 7. R.C. 2953.08(G)(2) states as

follows:

The appellate court may increase, reduce, or otherwise modify a sentence that is appealed under this section or may vacate the sentence and remand the matter to the sentencing court for resentencing. The appellate court's standard for review is not whether the sentencing court abused its discretion. The appellate court may take any action authorized by this division if it clearly and convincingly finds either of the following:

(a) That the record does not support the sentencing court's findings under division (B) or (D) of section 2929.13, division (B)(2)(e) or (C)(4) of section 2929.14, or division (I) of section 2929.20 of the Revised Code, whichever, if any, is relevant;

(b) That the sentence is otherwise contrary to law.

{¶8} “Clear and convincing evidence is ‘that measure or degree of proof

which * * * will produce in the mind of the trier of facts a firm belief or conviction

as to the facts sought to be established.’ ” State ex rel. Husted v. Brunner, 123

Ohio St.3d 288, 2009-Ohio-5327, 915 N.E.2d 1215, ¶ 18, quoting Cross v.

Ledford, 161 Ohio St. 469, 120 N.E.2d 118 (1954), paragraph three of the syllabus.

This Court has explained as follows regarding the review of felony sentences: Jackson App. No. 23CA8 6

“ ‘[R.C. 2953.08(G)(2)] does not say that the trial judge must have clear and convincing evidence to support its findings. Instead, it is the court of appeals that must clearly and convincingly find that the record does not support the court's findings.

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Related

State ex rel. Husted v. Brunner
2009 Ohio 5327 (Ohio Supreme Court, 2009)
State v. Chaffins
2012 Ohio 4011 (Ohio Court of Appeals, 2012)
State v. Venes
2013 Ohio 1891 (Ohio Court of Appeals, 2013)
State v. Marcum (Slip Opinion)
2016 Ohio 1002 (Ohio Supreme Court, 2016)
State v. Pierce
2018 Ohio 4458 (Ohio Court of Appeals, 2018)
State v. Sykes
2018 Ohio 4774 (Ohio Court of Appeals, 2018)
State v. Jordan
2019 Ohio 1094 (Ohio Court of Appeals, 2019)
State v. Beatty
2022 Ohio 2329 (Ohio Court of Appeals, 2022)
State v. Spangler
2023 Ohio 2003 (Ohio Court of Appeals, 2023)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
2024 Ohio 5186, 257 N.E.3d 265, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-seymour-ohioctapp-2024.