State v. Sellner

951 P.2d 996, 286 Mont. 397, 54 State Rptr. 1464, 1997 Mont. LEXIS 277
CourtMontana Supreme Court
DecidedDecember 29, 1997
Docket97-119
StatusPublished
Cited by15 cases

This text of 951 P.2d 996 (State v. Sellner) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Montana Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Sellner, 951 P.2d 996, 286 Mont. 397, 54 State Rptr. 1464, 1997 Mont. LEXIS 277 (Mo. 1997).

Opinions

CHIEF JUSTICE TURNAGE

delivered the Opinion of the Court.

In proceedings before the Twentieth Judicial District Court, Lake County, Gordon D. Sellner was charged with attempted deliberate homicide and criminal endangerment. A jury found him guilty of attempted deliberate homicide, and he appeals. We affirm.

Sellner argues that his trial counsel failed to request jury instructions on attempted mitigated deliberate homicide and aggravated assault as lesser included offenses, thus violating Sellner’s right to effective assistance of counsel.

BACKGROUND

On the evening of June 27,1992, a Lake County, Montana, resident called the local sheriff’s office to report that he had been assaulted at his home. He identified John Dorin as his assailant. Missoula County Deputy Sheriff Robert Parcell was the closest officer to the scene and the first to respond to the call.

Parcell drove first to Dorin’s home and spoke with him. Dorin maintained that he had been working at Sellner’s sawmill that day and denied assaulting the victim. Parcell then went to the victim’s home, where the victim continued to maintain that it was Dorin who had assaulted him and identified Sellner as a witness. He also told Parcell that the assault had ended after his dog bit Dorin on the face. Two other law enforcement officers, also responding to the victim’s phone call, arrived at the victim’s house. The three officers returned to Dorin’s home. After questioning him further and noting a wound on his cheek consistent with a dog bite, they arrested him. They then went to Sellner’s house to get a statement from him.

Parcell did not know at that time that Sellner had not paid federal income taxes for nearly twenty years as a protest against abortion [399]*399rights, or that Sellner did not have a driver’s license because he believed that he had the right to refuse to enter such contracts with the government. As a result of the positions he had taken on those and other matters, Sellner avoided contact with law enforcement.

Sellner was not home, but his wifeTold Parcell where he had gone and with whom. Because it was getting late and it was a stormy night, Parcell and the other officers decided to wait until morning to find Sellner and interview him. As they drove away, they saw the vehicle in which they believed Sellner was riding, on the road heading toward Sellner’s home. Activating his overhead lights, Parcell pulled the car over. Sellner, who was a passenger in the vehicle, jumped out of the car and fled into the woods. Parcell got out of his vehicle and shouted for Sellner to stop. On his way into the woods, Sellner turned and shot Parcell in the chest with the .41 caliber handgun which he carried with him. A brief exchange of gun fire ensued between Sellner and Parcell, ending when Sellner fired into the air before taking off through the woods toward his home.

Because Parcell was wearing a bulletproof vest, he survived the shooting. The force of the bullet created a gaping wound in his chest, however, and he was transported to the nearest hospital.

For over three years, Sellner remained at large but under surveillance. He was finally arrested in a July 1995 undercover operation at his home. During surveillance of Sellner just before his arrest, he fired a gun into the woods where law enforcement officers were stationed. That incident was the basis for the criminal endangerment charge of which the jury acquitted him.

Before trial, Sellner was referred by the court for a psychological evaluation at the Montana State Hospital. It was the opinion of the professionals at the State Hospital that Sellner did not suffer from a mental disease or defect and that he retained the ability to act with knowledge and purpose at the time of the charged conduct. Their report concluded that when Sellner shot Parcell “he felt under extreme stress and may have acted with poor judgment for that reason.” However, the fearful state of mind Sellner reported when he shot Parcell was “not the result of mental disease or defect but is better understood in the context of his political/religious environment.”

Sellner’s trial lasted a full week. He testified on his own behalf that he shot Parcell after he heard a voice in his head say, “He’s got his flack jacket on. Shoot him in the chest and you won’t hurt him.” As noted above, the jury found him not guilty of criminal endangerment but guilty of attempted deliberate homicide. Stating its intent “to [400]*400provide the maximum protection for the peace officers of this State,” the court sentenced Sellner to life in prison plus ten years for use of a dangerous weapon.

Discussion

Did Sellner’s trial counsel fail to request jury instructions on attempted mitigated deliberate homicide and aggravated assault as lesser included offenses, thus violating Sellner’s right to effective assistance of counsel?

Claims of ineffective assistance of counsel are analyzed under the two-part test set forth in Strickland v. Washington (1984), 466 U.S. 668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674. To prove ineffective assistance of counsel, the defendant must first establish that his counsel’s performance was not within the range of competence demanded of attorneys under similar circumstances. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687, 104 S.Ct. at 2064. Second, the defendant must show that but for the inadequate performance of his counsel, the result would have been different. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 694, 104 S.Ct. at 2068.

Sellner cites § 46-16-607, MCA, which provides:

(1) The defendant may be found guilty of an offense necessarily included in the offense charged or of an attempt to commit either the offense charged or an offense necessarily included in the offense charged.
(2) A lesser included offense instruction must be given when there is a proper request by one of the parties and the jury, based on the evidence, could be warranted in finding the defendant guilty of a lesser included offense.
(3) When a lesser included offense instruction is given, the court shall instruct the jury that it must reach a verdict on the crime charged before it may proceed to a lesser included offense. Upon request of the defendant at the settling of instructions, the court shall instruct the jury that it may consider the lesser included offense if it is unable after reasonable effort to reach a verdict on the greater offense.

Sellner contends that his trial counsel rendered ineffective assistance of counsel in failing to request jury instructions on aggravated assault and attempted mitigated deliberate homicide as lesser included offenses to attempted deliberate homicide.

Notwithstanding Sellner’s argument on appeal, the record demonstrates that Sellner’s trial counsel did request and offer instructions [401]*401on attempted mitigated deliberate homicide, without objection by the State. The court gave the defense’s offered instructions on this subject as Jury Instruction Numbers 9, 10, and 11. Sellner’s argument that his trial counsel failed to offer jury instructions on attempted mitigated deliberate homicide is therefore completely baseless.

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State v. Sellner
951 P.2d 996 (Montana Supreme Court, 1997)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
951 P.2d 996, 286 Mont. 397, 54 State Rptr. 1464, 1997 Mont. LEXIS 277, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-sellner-mont-1997.