State v. R.D.

785 A.2d 450, 345 N.J. Super. 400, 2001 N.J. Super. LEXIS 438
CourtNew Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division
DecidedDecember 4, 2001
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 785 A.2d 450 (State v. R.D.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. R.D., 785 A.2d 450, 345 N.J. Super. 400, 2001 N.J. Super. LEXIS 438 (N.J. Ct. App. 2001).

Opinion

The opinion of the court was delivered by

CIANCIA, J.A.D.

This appeal is before us on remand from the Supreme Court. State v. R.D., 169 N.J. 551, 781 A.2d 37 (2001). Defendant was convicted of second-degree sexual assault upon his seven-year-old granddaughter, N.J.S.A. 2C:14-2b, and related offenses. Initially, we reversed defendant’s judgment of conviction finding plain error in the trial court’s failure to interrogate other jurors as to possible taint when it excused one juror who recollected after the start of trial that he had attended the victim’s mother in the hospital as a nurse. That juror heard her talk about family relationships in such a way as to influence his view of the case. The Supreme Court reversed, holding that the trial court had not abused its discretion in determining that a voir dire of the remaining jurors was unnecessary. The matter was remanded to this court for consideration of the remaining issues defendant raised on direct appeal that had not been addressed in our initial opinion. Those issues are:

POINT II DEFENDANT’S CONVICTION MUST BE REVERSED BECAUSE THE TRIAL COURT IMPROPERLY PRECLUDED DEFENSE COUNSEL FROM INTERVIEWING A WITNESS/JUROR.
[403]*403POINT III DEFENDANT’S CONVICTION MUST BE REVERSED BECAUSE THE TRIAL COURT IMPROPERLY ALLOWED THE CHILD, F.D., TO TESTIFY OUTSIDE THE PRESENCE OF THE DEFENDANT BY CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION.
POINT IV DEFENDANT’S SENTENCE IS EXCESSIVE.

We find merit in the contention that defense counsel was improperly precluded from interviewing the excused juror, but on the present facts reversal of defendant’s judgment of conviction is not warranted. Instead, we find defendant is entitled to an immediate evidential hearing upon an application for post-conviction relief.

The circumstances surrounding excusal of the juror are as follows. The victim’s mother suffered from sickle cell anemia and was hospitalized on more than one occasion. At the conclusion of testimony on the first day of trial, which included testimony from the victim’s mother, juror number two approached the bench at sidebar and told the court that he belatedly realized he knew the victim’s mother. The following colloquy took place in the presence of counsel:

THE JUROR: In the beginning of the trial when you read all the names, I didn’t recognize anybody. I know [the victim’s mother] because I took care of her. I’m a nurse at the Mountainside Hospital and had her for a week.
THE COURT: [], the witness who just testified, is the mother of the alleged victim in this matter. You took care of her in Mountainside Hospital that night or on some other occasion?
THE WITNESS [sic]: No. I can’t remember the dates. I took care of her about a week for the sickle cell.
THE COURT: All right. And was she your patient for a week?
THE JUROR: Yeah.
THE COURT: Other than treating her or whatever, what did your contact with her consist of, just so we know?
THE JUROR: I gave her pain medicines and — what troubles me is I overheard things about her relationship with her family.
THE COURT: During the course of that?
THE JUROR: And I formed an opinion, and I don’t know, that’s my problem.
THE COURT: I understand. You have some concern as to whether — now that you realize who she is, whether you could remain objective in this matter?
THE JUROR: My problem is that I formed an opinion way back then of some sort, that when you [sic] I see her up here, then I think back what happened [404]*404outside the courtroom. Just things that I heard, and, you know, I mean it’s hard for me—
THE COURT: Have you discussed this with any of the other jurors?
THE JUROR: No.
THE COURT: All right. Then of course I’m going to ask you not to do that. Let me talk to the lawyers briefly to see what they wish to do.

Before juror number two was actually excused, defense counsel stated to the court that he wanted to “investigate what he [the juror] mean[t] by family problems.” The following dialogue occurred between the attorneys and the judge:

[THE PROSECUTOR]: She has been in the hospital periodically for years. In fact, she was there in December. He said he doesn’t know when it took place. There’s nothing to suggest that what he overheard was at the time she was in the hospital, and there’s nothing to suggest that the family problems that she [sic] overheard had anything to do with this case.
[DEFENSE COUNSEL]: Maybe it was just money problems. I think I have to investigate that.
THE COURT: Okay. I understand your request, but if your request is that after I excuse this person as a juror, you want to interview the juror as to what he’s indicated, specifically during the course of the week he treated her as a nurse at Mountainside Hospital, presumably for sickle cell anemia, he recalls now that he heard her saying things about family problems, I don’t think that’s enough of a showing, number one. I mean, to allow you to investigate a possible juror, question a juror, -or perhaps have some investigator question a juror, I don’t think the requirements of rule 1:16 are met in interviewing jurors. And number two, I think it would be highly unusual, if not bizarre, to perhaps turn a juror in a case into a potential witness in a case, based on some unsubstantiated, uncorroborated, alleged hearsay.
The most he could possibly do is tell you what he heard her say about some unspecified family problems. We don’t know what it related to, or what time period it may relate to.
[DEFENSE COUNSEL]: Judge, I don’t know entirely the basis for interviewing a juror at this point. I think you’re absolutely correct, I couldn’t — suppose I was — he said, oh, she was discussing the abuse of her child by her step husband. I couldn’t bring that juror in as a witness, and this trial would have to be a mistrial. But I just think at some time he has to be interviewed, unless the Court wants to do it right now.
THE COURT: I suppose he overheard her talking about your client sexually abusing her on another occasion, am I going to allow the prosecutor to get involved in that, and start using that against your client?
[DEFENSE COUNSEL]: Obviously I would object to that. But the problem is, we don’t know what it is. I think frankly this maybe [sic] something that’s left for an appellate situation. I don’t know.
[405]*405THE COURT: Okay. I am going to leave it for an appellate court. I am absolutely ruling against any interview of this witness — this juror, by any attorney involved in this ease, or any agent or investigative agent involved in this ease. I’m satisfied that there’s no sufficient showing that would warrant that extraordinary course of action.

Juror number two was then excused.

In our view, R.

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Bluebook (online)
785 A.2d 450, 345 N.J. Super. 400, 2001 N.J. Super. LEXIS 438, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-rd-njsuperctappdiv-2001.