State v. Purcell

18 P.3d 113, 199 Ariz. 319, 338 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 3, 2001 Ariz. App. LEXIS 3
CourtCourt of Appeals of Arizona
DecidedJanuary 4, 2001
Docket1 CA-CR 99-0781
StatusPublished
Cited by23 cases

This text of 18 P.3d 113 (State v. Purcell) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Arizona primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Purcell, 18 P.3d 113, 199 Ariz. 319, 338 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 3, 2001 Ariz. App. LEXIS 3 (Ark. Ct. App. 2001).

Opinion

OPINION

EHRLICH, Judge.

¶ 1 Bobby Charles Purcell appeals from his convictions and sentences for two counts of first-degree murder and eleven other offenses arising from the same shooting. For the following reasons, we affirm all of the convictions and all but one of the sentences, remanding the conviction for misconduct involving weapons for resentencing.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

¶ 2 On the evening of June 6, 1998, Purcell was a passenger in a vehicle when it passed a group of young people. Purcell, a member of the Westside Phoeniquera street gang, flashed a gang sign, whereupon several of these teenagers waved. Apparently believing, though, that they had flashed the sign of a rival gang, Purcell told the driver of the car to stop. When the driver obeyed, Purcell got out of the vehicle, carrying a sawed-off shotgun, yelled “Westside Phoeniquera” to the group, fired one shot, got back in the car and told the driver to leave. The shot killed two of the teenagers and injured a third.

¶ 3 Arrested two days later, Purcell admitted firing the shot. He was charged with two counts of first-degree (premeditated) murder, class 1 felonies, nine counts of attempted first-degree murder, class 2 felonies, aggravated assault, a class 3 felony, and misconduct involving weapons, a class 4 felony. All but the misconduct were charged as dangerous offenses, and the State gave notice that it intended to seek the death penalty.

¶ 4 At trial, Purcell admitted that he had fired the shot. The only issues were whether he had intended to kill anyone and whether he had committed the act with premeditation. 1

¶5 Purcell was found by a jury to be guilty as charged. The trial court sentenced him to consecutive life terms without the possibility of release for the first-degree murders. It further imposed aggravated terms of 15 years for each of the nine attempted murders and the aggravated assault and an aggravated term of eight years for the misconduct involving weapons, these sentences to run concurrently with each other but consecutively to Purcell’s life sentences.

DISCUSSION

¶ 6 Purcell raises several issues concerning the selection of the jury. He also argues that the trial court improperly enhanced his sentence for misconduct involving weapons.

A. Purcell’s Strikes for Cause

¶ 7 Purcell argues that the trial court erred in denying his motion to strike for cause two prospective jurors, Juror 43 and Juror 50. He contends that they should have been excused because each indicated agreement with the proposition that firing a gun into a crowd constitutes proof of premedita *323 tion. With respect to Juror 50, Purcell maintains further that she should have been excused because her niece had been killed in a similar incident.

¶ 8 A trial court must dismiss a juror for cause when “there is reasonable ground to believe that a juror cannot render a fair and impartial verdict.” Ariz.R.Crim.P. 18.4(b); State v. Lavers, 168 Ariz. 376, 390, 814 P.2d 333, 347, cert. denied, 502 U.S. 926, 112 S.Ct. 343, 116 L.Ed.2d 282 (1991). Cause exists if the juror expresses serious misgivings about the ability to be unbiased, State v. Smith, 182 Ariz. 113, 115, 893 P.2d 764, 766 (App.1995), but, if the juror ultimately assures the court that he or she can be fair and impartial, the juror need not be excused. State v. Reasoner, 154 Ariz. 377, 384, 742 P.2d 1363,1370 (App.1987).

¶ 9 Because the trial court is able to observe the juror’s demeanor and thereby evaluate the juror’s credibility, it is in the best position to make this assessment. Lavers, 168 Ariz. at 390, 814 P.2d at 347. We therefore will not disturb its decision on a motion to strike a juror for cause absent a clear showing of an abuse of its discretion. Id. The party claiming that the court erred in denying a motion to strike has the burden of demonstrating that the juror was incapable of rendering a fair and impartial verdict. Id.

¶ 10 Purcell argues that the trial court’s failure to excuse Jurors 43 and 50 for cause abridged his right to a full complement of peremptory challenges necessitating as it did that he use two peremptory strikes to remove these jurors. Thus, he contends, he is entitled to a new trial. State v. Huerta, 175 Ariz. 262, 263, 855 P.2d 776, 777 (1993); but see United States v. Martinez-Salazar, 528 U.S. 304, 316,120 S.Ct. 774, 782,145 L.Ed.2d 792 (2000)(“[A] defendant’s exercise of peremptory challenges ... is not denied or impaired when the defendant chooses to use a peremptory challenge to remove a juror who should have been excused for cause.”). 2

¶ 11 Jury selection was conducted over two days, and, on Purcell’s motion, a written questionnaire was used to supplement voir dire. The questionnaire advised the jurors that Purcell had fired a shotgun blast into a crowd of people and that, while he admitted the shooting, he denied killing with intent or premeditation.

¶ 12 Juror 50 wrote in her questionnaire that she had “feelings” about the case that might affect her ability to be impartial because the circumstances were similar to those in which her niece was killed years before. She elaborated, however, that she felt that justice had been served in her niece’s case and that, while she could relate to the victims’ families, she believed that she could be fair. During voir dire, Purcell asked Juror 50 if she could set aside the experience with her niece, and she responded:

I think I can. I had to make closure with that. We all had to make closure with that. It’s something unnecessary. The reason why I mentioned it is because the situation was similar, it was another youth, 17. She happened to get the bullet. Wrong place at the wrong time.

¶ 13 Purcell has not demonstrated that Juror 50 could not be fair and impartial. Although Juror 50 initially indicated that the experience involving her niece might affect her, she expressed the belief that she could set aside the circumstances of her niece’s death and be dispassionate. The trial court did not abuse its discretion in refusing to strike Juror 50 for cause.

¶ 14 Purcell also argues that Juror 43 and Juror 50 should have been excused for cause based on their expressed views that shooting into a crowd of people indicates premeditation. Juror 50, when asked in the questionnaire if she had formed an opinion from media exposure about whether Purcell had acted with premeditation, wrote that she had formed an opinion but not based on media exposure. She explained that the “intent to randomly shot [sic] in a crowd is to cause bodily harm with the knowledge that a gun can kill.”

*324 ¶ 15 In addition, during voir dire, Purcell asked if any of the jurors believed that shooting into a crowd showed premeditation. While he claims that Juror 43 and Juror 50 raised their hands in response, the record does not reflect who in fact raised their hands.

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Bluebook (online)
18 P.3d 113, 199 Ariz. 319, 338 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 3, 2001 Ariz. App. LEXIS 3, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-purcell-arizctapp-2001.