State v. Morris

873 P.2d 561, 74 Wash. App. 293, 1994 Wash. App. LEXIS 304
CourtCourt of Appeals of Washington
DecidedMay 19, 1994
Docket12522-0-III
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 873 P.2d 561 (State v. Morris) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Washington primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Morris, 873 P.2d 561, 74 Wash. App. 293, 1994 Wash. App. LEXIS 304 (Wash. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinions

Sweeney, A.C. J.

The State appeals dismissal of the first degree theft charge against Clark A. Morris, contending the court erred in concluding that Mr. Morris’s right to a speedy disposition pursuant to RCW 9.98.0101 was violated. We affirm.

[295]*295I

On November 21, 1990, Mr. Morris was charged by information in Spokane County with first degree theft. On August 5, 1991, while incarcerated in Walla Walla state penitentiary for unrelated convictions, he filed a written request with the warden for a speedy disposition of the Spokane County charge pursuant to RCW 9.98.010. On August 22, the warden completed the paperwork required by the statute and mailed the documents dated August 5 to the county prosecutor and the Superior Court. They were received on August 23.

On October 22, Mr. Morris was arraigned and his trial date scheduled for December 16. One hundred twenty days from his initial request (August 5) would have been December 3; 120 days from the date of receipt by the prosecutor and the court (August 23) would have been December 21. There is no record of Mr. Morris objecting to the trial date.

On December 10, Mr. Morris moved ex parte for an order shortening time to set a motion for dismissal before the December 16 trial date. The court granted the motion shortening time but denied the motion to dismiss, concluding that the 120-day period commenced as of the postmark date — August 22. On December 16, Mr. Morris moved to stay further proceedings while he sought discretionary review by this court; that motion was granted. At the time, 5 days remained in the 120-day period which followed receipt (by the prosecutor and the Superior Court) of Mr. Morris’s request for speedy disposition by the prosecutor. On March 5, 1992, we denied his motion for discretionary review.

On April 7, the State moved to lift the stay and set a trial date. The motion was granted and a trial was scheduled for April 27. The State told the court that April 27 was the "87th day of a 90-day period”.2 Mr. Morris’s attorney signed the order, prepared by the State, only after striking "Agreed” [296]*296and writing in "Approved as to form”. When asked by the court if April 27 was convenient, his attorney replied,

the "approved as to form” is, I guess, also intended to indicate that the particular statute alleges if 120 days have elapsed, the Court has lost jurisdiction. And I don’t want this appearance to be construed as conceding that point for later review.

On April 17, at the pretrial hearing, Mr. Morris moved to dismiss the charge. The court granted the motion to dismiss, concluding that the time for trial ran 5 days after the stay was lifted (April 12). The State’s motion to reconsider was denied. This appeal followed.

II

The question presented is whether delivery to the superintendent of the inmate’s written request for speedy disposition under RCW 9.98.010 triggers the start of the 120-day time limitation or whether the request must actually be received by the prosecutor and the superior court before the time period begins.

Both the State and Mr. Morris disagree with the trial court’s conclusion that the 120-day period begins with the postmark date (August 22). The State contends that the statute requires receipt by the prosecutor and superior court (receipt theory). Mr. Morris contends the period began to run with the delivery of his request to the warden (delivery theory).

In construing statutes, our paramount duty is to give effect to the Legislature’s intent. State v. Elgin, 118 Wn.2d 551, 555, 825 P.2d 314 (1992). We attempt to determine what the statute means by ascribing to its words their plain and ordinary meaning. North Coast Air Servs., Ltd. v. Grumman Corp., 111 Wn.2d 315, 321, 759 P.2d 405 (1988). The statute here requires that an inmate shall be brought to trial on a pending indictment, information or complaint "within one hundred twenty days after he shall have caused to he delivered to the prosecuting attorney and the superior court . . . written notice of the place of his imprisonment and his request for a final disposition . . .”. (Italics ours.) RCW 9.98-[297]*297.010(1). Giving the words their ordinary meaning: he (the inmate) shall ("[is] obliged to” — Random House Dictionary of the English Language 1757-58 (2d ed. 1987)) have caused ("bring about” — Random House Dictionary, at 330) to be delivered (carry or turn over to the proper recipient in the future — Random House Dictionary, at 528). Paraphrasing to remove the passive voice construction, this phrase becomes: "the inmate is obliged to bring about delivery of the request to the prosecuting attorney and the superior court”. The statute then goes on to specify that the "written notice and request . . . shall be given or sent by the prisoner to the superintendent having custody of him . . .”. (Italics ours.) RCW 9.98.010(2). When the two subsections are read together, the procedural burdens imposed on an inmate are clear. Subsection (1) requires that he cause the written request to be delivered to the prosecutor and the court. Subsection (2) then answers the question of how that is to be accomplished — by giving or sending it to the superintendent. Once this has been accomplished, the inmate has done everything he can to effect the speedy disposition of the charge underlying the detainer. This reading of the statute is in accord with the plain meaning of the statute and also consistent with the purpose for those statutes governing the disposition detainers.

The legislative history of RCW 9.98.010 is nonexistent. But reference to the Washington Interstate Agreement on Detainers (IAD) is both appropriate and helpful. RCW 9.98.010 serves the same purpose for znirastate detainers as the IAD does for interstate detainers. The purpose of both acts is "to encourage the expeditious and orderly disposition of. . . charges and determination of the proper status of any and all detainers based on untried indictments, informations or complaints.” RCW 9.100.010 art. 1. Outstanding charges "produce uncertainties which obstruct programs of prisoner treatment and rehabilitation.” RCW 9.100.010 art. 1. One of the main purposes of permitting the inmate to demand a speedy trial once a detainer has been lodged is to deter the filing of meritless detainers.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
873 P.2d 561, 74 Wash. App. 293, 1994 Wash. App. LEXIS 304, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-morris-washctapp-1994.