State v. Morehouse

424 A.2d 798, 120 N.H. 738, 1980 N.H. LEXIS 434
CourtSupreme Court of New Hampshire
DecidedNovember 13, 1980
Docket79-440
StatusPublished
Cited by16 cases

This text of 424 A.2d 798 (State v. Morehouse) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of New Hampshire primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Morehouse, 424 A.2d 798, 120 N.H. 738, 1980 N.H. LEXIS 434 (N.H. 1980).

Opinions

DOUGLAS, J.

The main issue in this case is whether the defendant’s right to due process of law was violated in imposing an enhanced sentence. The defendant alleges three violations of his due process rights. First, that he was not afforded a jury determination beyond a reasonable doubt of the facts relevant to the enhanced sentence. Second, that he was not given adequate notice of the possibility of an enhanced sentence for manifesting exceptional cruelty or depravity as provided for in RSA 651:6 1(d). Finally, that the court failed to enunciate specific findings of fact justifying an enhanced sentence. We hold that there has been no violation of the defendant’s right to due process of law.

On Friday, September 22, 1978, the victim, Darlene, spent the evening with some friends at Poor John’s Pub in Manchester. She danced, consumed three or four drinks, and left at approximately 12:30 a.m. on September 23. As she walked toward her parked car, [740]*740a stranger in a small red sports car asked her directions. Darlene approached the car and stated that she could be of no help. The man inside the car, the defendant, identified himself as Patrick, stated that he was new to the area and lonely, and asked her to go for coffee with him. She declined the offer, stating that she was on her way to meet some friends, and then entered a nearby telephone booth to phone an acquaintance. As she left the booth, ■ the defendant approached her and again requested that she accompany him for a cup of coffee. Darlene once again declined the offer, but the defendant continued to plead with her. She finally acquiesced to his pleas and agreed to drive his car to the spot where she had parked her own. She parked the defendant’s car behind hers, exited, and said goodnight. As Darlene entered her vehicle, the defendant, who had followed her, shoved her to the passenger side. As she struggled, he grabbed her wrists and crawled over her to the passenger side. She then leaned back against the driver’s door, and the defendant ordered her to remove all her clothes. She refused, and he ripped her blouse down the front. The defendant grabbed Darlene in a headlock position with his left arm, with her head against his body. He then struck her repeatedly on the top of the head with a metal hammer with such force that she heard echoes with each blow. She does not recall how many times she was hit, nor how long the attack lasted. When the defendant released her, she said: “You hurt me, Patrick”, and passed out.

The victim awakened after an unknown period of time. She had difficulty seeing because her left eye had swollen shut and her right eye was only partially open. After locking the car doors she attempted to drive out of the area and, after traveling a short distance, struck a parked car. A policeman, who witnessed the accident, went to her aid, and she was taken to the hospital for treatment.

A jury found the defendant guilty of attempted first-degree murder, RSA 629:1. At the sentencing hearing, the State requested the defendant not be given the normal maximum sentence for attempted murder (15 years, RSA 651:2), but rather an enhanced sentence pursuant to RSA 651:6 1(d) for manifesting “exceptional cruelty or depravity in inflicting . . . serious bodily injury on the victim of his crime.” The Trial Court (Goode, J.) accepted the recommendation and imposed the maximum sentence of thirty years with a ten-year minimum, saying that the defendant had manifested exceptional cruelty or depravity in inflicting serious bodily injury to his victim. The court denied the defendant’s motion to reconsider sentence, and reserved and transferred all exceptions.

[741]*741The defendant contends that the State failed to present sufficient evidence that he intended the death of Darlene when he assaulted her. In weighing the defendant’s exception to the sufficiency of the evidence, our task is to determine whether the evidence on the record reasonably supported a finding of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 318 (1979). In so doing, we must view all the evidence, and any reasonable inferences which may be drawn from it, in the light most favorable to the State. Id. at 319; State v. Belkner, 117 N.H. 462, 472, 374 A.2d 938, 944 (1977).

The following evidence was adduced at trial. The defendant carried a large metal autobody hammer when he confronted Darlene in her car. After a brief scuffle in the vehicle, he grabbed her and began pounding her repeatedly over the head with the hammer. The resulting injuries were massive. Dr. Ali Ata testified that Darlene suffered multiple lacerations extending from her forehead to the vertex of her scalp, and also suffered multiple lacerations on her face and nose. He further testified that the bridge of her nose was large and swollen and there was evidence of fractured facial bones. Both of Darlene’s eyes were swollen shut. Both her nose and a tooth were broken, and she had lacerations resulting in a complete loss of tissue, a total distortion of the contour of her nose, and disfiguring scars that would require plastic surgery.

The defendant’s claim that some of these injuries may have been caused by the victim’s automobile accident that occurred subsequent to his assault was refuted by the testimony of the police officer witnessing the collision. The officer testified that Darlene’s vehicle was travelling so slowly that it merely pushed the parked sports car with which it came in contact. It was his opinion that her injuries were not the result of the accident.

The defendant contends that because he voluntarily ceased his assault of the victim, the only logical inference that can be made is that he did not intend to cause her death. This argument is without merit. Darlene passed out when the defendant stopped striking her. It could reasonably be inferred from the defendant’s actions that he believed that the massive injuries he inflicted on his victim had succeeded in killing her. Further, even if the defendant voluntarily ceased striking Darlene with a hammer before he believed he had caused her death, that does not preclude the jury from reasonably inferring that the defendant intended to kill her when he began the assault. We hold that there was [742]*742sufficient evidence which could reasonably support a finding of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt of attempted first-degree murder.

We now address the defendant’s allegation that his right to due process of law has been violated. The defendant argues that the court’s finding of cruelty or depravity was a finding of a separate element of an offense and not merely a sentencing criterion, see State v. Champagne, 119 N.H. 118, 399 A.2d 287, 289 (1979), and contends that because he only received protection of his due process rights commensurate with a sentencing hearing, the court committed reversible error. We hold that the court’s finding was a valid sentencing criterion.

The defendant relies heavily on Mullaney v. Wilbur, 421 U.S. 684 (1975). Mullaney demonstrates that what may at first appear to be used as a sentencing criterion was actually a finding by the court of another element of a more serious crime. In Mullaney,

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State v. Morehouse
424 A.2d 798 (Supreme Court of New Hampshire, 1980)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
424 A.2d 798, 120 N.H. 738, 1980 N.H. LEXIS 434, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-morehouse-nh-1980.