State v. Moore

925 N.E.2d 692, 185 Ohio App. 3d 772
CourtOhio Court of Appeals
DecidedMarch 4, 2010
DocketNo. 92654
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 925 N.E.2d 692 (State v. Moore) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Ohio Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Moore, 925 N.E.2d 692, 185 Ohio App. 3d 772 (Ohio Ct. App. 2010).

Opinion

Frank D. Celebrezze Jr., Judge.

{¶ 1} Defendant-appellant, Terrance Moore, appeals multiple convictions and sentences imposed by the trial court. Finding merit to this appeal, we affirm in part, reverse in part, and remand to the trial court for proceedings consistent with this opinion.

{¶ 2} This constitutes the third time appellant’s case has been before this court. The factual background can be found in State v. Moore, Cuyahoga App. No. 85828, 2006-Ohio-277, 2006 WL 178562, ¶ 1-11 (“Moore I ”). We will provide some of the procedural background in order to accurately address appellant’s assignments of error.

{¶ 3} After a consolidated bench trial in case numbers CR-427648 and CR-445445, appellant was found guilty of numerous charges. Specifically, in CR-427648, he was convicted of one count of drug trafficking, a second-degree felony; two counts of drug possession, second-degree felonies; and one count of possessing a weapon while under disability, a fifth-degree felony. The trial court sentenced him to two years for drug trafficking and one count of possession and six months for possessing a weapon while under disability. The other count of drug possession merged for sentencing, and all terms were to run concurrent to each other but consecutive to the sentence in CR-445445.

{¶ 4} In its original sentencing entry, the trial court made findings with regard to why the terms should run consecutively. The Ohio Supreme Court remanded the matter pursuant to its holding in State v. Foster, 109 Ohio St.3d 1, 2006-Ohio-856, 845 N.E.2d 470, ¶ 53, in which the court held portions of Ohio’s felony-sentencing principles to be unconstitutional. The court in Foster further established that trial courts are no longer required to make findings when “imposing maximum, consecutive, or more than the minimum sentences.” Id. at ¶ 100.

{¶ 5} In case number CR-445445, appellant was convicted of two counts of drug trafficking, third-degree felonies; one count of drug possession, a third-degree felony; three counts of drug trafficking with major-drug-offender specifications, first-degree felonies; two counts of drug possession with major-drug-offender specifications, first-degree felonies; one count of drug possession with no major-drug-offender specification, a first-degree felony;1 and one count of possession of criminal tools, a fifth-degree felony.

[775]*775{¶ 6} In its original sentencing entry in CR-445445, the trial court sentenced appellant to ten years, to run consecutively to the two years imposed in CR-427648. In Moore I, however, this court remanded the case to the trial court to correct a clerical error in its sentencing entry, in which the trial court had indicated that the first-degree drug-possession count that did not include a major-drug-offender specification required a mandatory ten-year term. On remand, the trial court sentenced appellant to a mandatory ten-year term for the three counts of drug trafficking with major-drug-offender specifications and one year for the third-degree drug-trafficking and drug-possession charges; the court stated that Counts 9, 11, 12, and 13 merged for sentencing. Noticeably, appellant was found not guilty on Count 12, which was an additional drug-trafficking charge, and the trial court made no mention of Count 14, possession of criminal tools, on which appellant was found guilty. Additionally, although the court did not sentence appellant to a mandatory ten years on Count 13, which was the first-degree drug-possession charge with no major-drug-offender specification, it did mention earlier in its entry that the charge carried a major-drug-offender specification.

{¶ 7} The sentences in CR-445445 and CR-427648 were to run consecutively to one another, for an aggregate sentence of 12 years. It is from these sentencing entries that appellant is currently appealing. He raises three assignments of error for our review.

{¶ 8} I. “The trial court erred by imposing the sentence in CR-427648 consecutively to the sentence in CR-445445.”

{¶ 9} II. “In CR-445445, the convictions for drug trafficking and preparation of drugs for sale as they apply to the combination of counts four and five, and the combination of counts seven and eight, respectively, are allied offenses.”2

{¶ 10} III. “The sentencing journal entry in CR-445445 must be corrected with respect to count thirteen.”

Law and Analysis

Consecutive Sentences

{¶ 11} In his first assignment of error, appellant argues that the trial court erred when it failed to make findings with regard to why the terms imposed in CR-445445 and CR^427648 should run consecutively. Appellant admits that Foster specifically held that such findings were not required, but relies on Oregon [776]*776v. Ice (2009), — U.S.-, 129 S.Ct. 711, 172 L.Ed.2d 517, to argue that Foster was incorrect and should be overturned.3

{¶ 12} In Ice, the United States Supreme Court resolved whether the holdings of Apprendi v. New Jersey (2000), 530 U.S. 466, 120 S.Ct. 2348, 147 L.Ed.2d 435, and Blakely v. Washington (2004), 542 U.S. 296, 124 S.Ct. 2531, 159 L.Ed.2d 403, govern consecutive sentencing decisions. Ice, — U.S. at-, 129 S.Ct. at 716, 172 L.Ed.2d 517. The Apprendi and Blakely decisions essentially stand for the proposition that “it is within the jury’s province to determine any fact (other than the existence of a prior conviction) that increases the maximum punishment authorized for a particular offense.” Id. at-, 129 S.Ct. at 714, 129 S.Ct. 711.

{¶ 13} In Foster, the Ohio Supreme Court held that consecutive sentences increase an offender’s ultimate punishment and thus Ohio’s requirement that judges find certain facts before imposing consecutive sentences violated the principles set forth in Blakely. Foster, 109 Ohio St.3d 1, 2006-Ohio-856, 845 N.E.2d 470 at ¶ 67. In Ice, the United States Supreme Court held otherwise. Specifically, the court stated: “These twin considerations — historical practice and respect for state sovereignty — counsel against extending Apprendi’s rule to the imposition of sentences for discrete crimes. The decision to impose sentences consecutively is not within the jury function that ‘extends down centuries into the common law.’ Apprendi, 530 U.S. at 477, 120 S.Ct. 2348, 147 L.Ed.2d 435. Instead, specification of the regime for administering multiple sentences has long been considered the prerogative of state legislatures.” Ice, — U.S. at-, 129 S.Ct. at 717,172 L.Ed.2d 517.

{¶ 14} This court has repeatedly chosen to apply the holding in Foster rather than the holding in Ice and reserve any reconsideration for the Ohio Supreme Court. Specifically, in State v. Woodson, Cuyahoga App. No. 92315, 2009-Ohio-5558, 2009 WL 3387952, this court stated: “We have responded to Oregon v. Ice in several recent decisions and concluded that we decline to depart from the pronouncements in Foster until the Ohio Supreme Court orders otherwise.” Id. at ¶ 33, citing State v. Reed, Cuyahoga App. No.

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Bluebook (online)
925 N.E.2d 692, 185 Ohio App. 3d 772, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-moore-ohioctapp-2010.